Abstract:
:Cancer development is widely recognized to be a somatic cell evolutionary process with complex dynamics and highly variable time frames. Variant cells and descendent subclones gain competitive advantage via their fitness in relation to micro-environmental selective pressures. In this context, the 'unit' of selection is the cell, but not any cell. The so-called 'cancer stem cells' have the essential properties required to function as the key units of selection, particularly with respect to their proliferative potential and longevity. These cells drive evolutionary progression of disease and provide reservoirs for relapse or recurrence and drug resistance. They represent the prime, but elusive and moving, targets for therapeutic control.
journal_name
Evol Appljournal_title
Evolutionary applicationsauthors
Greaves Mdoi
10.1111/eva.12017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
102-8issue
1issn
1752-4571journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Heart disease is common in both humans and chimpanzees, manifesting typically as sudden cardiac arrest or progressive heart failure. Surprisingly, although chimpanzees are our closest evolutionary relatives, the major cause of heart disease is different in the two species. Histopathology data of affected chimpanzee he...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2008.00064.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the results of a series of experiments involving Aedes aegypti and its microsporidian parasite Vavraia culicis to illustrate how intra-specific competition and parasitism shape life history traits. More specifically these experiments showed that some major components of virulence are host condition-dependent...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2007.00004.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792), is an anadromous fish species that supports fisheries throughout North America and is native to the North American Atlantic Coast. Due to long coastal migrations that span multiple jurisdictions, a detailed understanding of population genomics is required to untangle dem...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12990
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The enterprise of virulence management attempts to predict how social practices and other factors affect the evolution of parasite virulence. These predictions are often based on parasite optima or evolutionary equilibria derived from models of host-parasite dynamics. Yet even when such models accurately capture the p...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2007.00003.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artificial propagation programs focused on production, such as commercial aquaculture or forestry, entail strong domestication selection. Spillover from such programs can cause unintended fitness and demographic consequences for wild conspecifics. The range of possible management practices to minimize such consequence...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12089
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predictions about the consequences of a small population size on genetic and deleterious variation are fundamental to population genetics. As small populations are more affected by genetic drift, purifying selection acting against deleterious alleles is predicted to be less efficient, therefore increasing the risk of ...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12872
更新日期:2019-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Species distributions are rapidly changing as human globalization increasingly moves organisms to novel environments. In marine systems, species introductions are the result of a number of anthropogenic mechanisms, notably shipping, aquaculture/mariculture, the pet and bait trades, and the creation of canals. Marine i...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12906
更新日期:2020-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the mediating role of body size in determining fitness, the "bigger-is-better" hypothesis still pervades evolutionary ecology despite evidence that natural selection on phenotypic traits varies in time and space. For Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus), most individual studies quantify selection across a narrow...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12957
更新日期:2020-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::The aetiological agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is a key human pathogen afflicting most populations of Latin America. This vectorborne parasite is transmitted by haematophageous triatomines, whose control by large-scale insecticide spraying has been the main strategy to limit the impact of the disease for...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/eva.12582
更新日期:2017-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::Salmon life histories are finely tuned to local environmental conditions, which are intimately linked to climate. We summarize the likely impacts of climate change on the physical environment of salmon in the Pacific Northwest and discuss the potential evolutionary consequences of these changes, with particular refere...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2008.00033.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation are predicted to mitigate some of the negative biotic consequences of climate change. Here, we evaluate evidence for plastic and evolutionary responses to climate variation in amphibians and reptiles via a literature review and meta-analysis. We included studies that either...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12114
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While nonanadromous males (stream-resident and/or mature male parr) contribute to reproduction in anadromous salmonids, little is known about their impacts on key population genetic parameters. Here, we evaluated the contribution of Atlantic salmon mature male parr to the effective number of breeders (Nb) using both d...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12172
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogens are ubiquitous in insect populations and yet few studies examine their dynamics and impacts on host populations. We discuss four lepidopteran systems and explore their contributions to disease ecology and evolution. More specifically, we elucidate the role of pathogens in insect population dynamics. For thre...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/eva.12328
更新日期:2015-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Once deployed uniformly in the field, genetically controlled plant resistance is often quickly overcome by pathogens, resulting in dramatic losses. Several strategies have been proposed to constrain the evolutionary potential of pathogens and thus increase resistance durability. These strategies can be classified into...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12681
更新日期:2018-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::All salmonid species investigated to date have been characterized with a male heterogametic sex-determination system. However, as these species do not share any Y-chromosome conserved synteny, there remains a debate on whether they share a common master sex-determining gene. In this study, we investigated the extent o...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12032
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human-induced trait change has been documented in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. These trait changes are driven by phenotypic plasticity and contemporary evolution. While efforts to manage human-induced trait change are beginning to receive some attention, managing its ecological consequence...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00212.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in research on gene drives have produced genetic constructs that could theoretically spread a desired gene (payload) into all populations of a species, with a single release in one place. This attribute has advantages, but also comes with risks and ethical concerns. There has been a call for research o...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12583
更新日期:2018-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Restoration of lost species ranges to their native distribution is key for the survival of endangered species. However, reintroductions often fail and long-term genetic consequences are poorly understood. Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) are wild goats that recovered from <100 individuals to ~50,000 within a century by popula...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12490
更新日期:2017-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Interest in the evolution of invasive species has grown in recent years, yet few studies have investigated sources of variation in invasive species traits experiencing natural selection. The spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, is an invasive zooplankton in the Great Lakes that exhibits seasonal changes in tail ...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00221.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population dynamics of marine species that are sessile as adults are driven by oceanographic dispersal of larvae from spawning to nursery grounds. This is mediated by life-history traits such as the timing and frequency of spawning, larval behaviour and duration, and settlement success. Here, we use 1725 single nucleo...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12932
更新日期:2020-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the mechanisms of how urbanization influences the evolution of native species is vital for urban wildlife ecology and conservation in the Anthropocene. With thousands of years of agriculture-dominated historical urbanization followed by 40 years of intensive and rapid urbanization, Shanghai provides an i...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.13156
更新日期:2020-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::When populations of a rare species are small, isolated and declining under climate change, some populations may become locally maladapted. Detecting this maladaptation may allow effective rapid conservation interventions, even if based on incomplete knowledge. Population maladaptation may be estimated by finding genom...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12883
更新日期:2019-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, the effects of chronic, continuous low dose environmental irradiation on the mitochondrial genome of resident small mammals are unknown. Using the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) as a model system, we tested the hypothesis that approximately 50 generations of exposure to the Chernobyl environment has significa...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12475
更新日期:2017-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis are an ecologically and economically important parasite of wild and farmed salmon. In Scotland, Norway, and Eastern Canada, L. salmonis have developed resistance to emamectin benzoate (EMB), one of the few parasiticides available for salmon lice. Drug resistance mechanisms can be co...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12237
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multistep transition from a normal to a malignant cellular phenotype is often termed "somatic evolution" caused by accumulating random mutations. Here, we propose an alternative model in which the initial genetic state of a cancer cell is the result of mutations that occurred throughout the lifetime of the host. H...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12973
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer is a widespread disease that affects most of the metazoans. However, cancer development is a slow process and, long before causing the death of the individual, may weaken organisms' capacities and impair their interactions with other species. Yet, the impact of cancer development on biotic interactions, and ove...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12951
更新日期:2020-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we compare the evolutionary routes by which bacteria and insects have evolved enzymatic processes for the degradation of four classes of synthetic chemical insecticide. For insects, the selective advantage of such degradative activities is survival on exposure to the insecticide, whereas for the bacteria the adv...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00175.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the transition of bacterial species from commensal to pathogen, or vice versa, is a key application of evolutionary theory to preventative medicine. This requires working knowledge of the molecular interaction between hosts and bacteria, ecological interactions among microbes, spatial variation in bacter...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/eva.12231
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organisms are expected to respond to alterations in their survival by evolutionary changes in their life history traits. As agriculture and aquaculture have become increasingly intensive in the past decades, there has been growing interest in their evolutionary effects on the life histories of agri- and aquacultural p...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12488
更新日期:2017-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::One challenge of evolutionary ecology is to predict the rate and mechanisms of population adaptation to environmental variations. The variations in most life history traits are shaped both by individual genotypic and by environmental variation. Forest trees exhibit high levels of genetic diversity, large population si...
journal_title:Evolutionary applications
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/eva.12143
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00