Abstract：
:DNA acquisition promotes the spread of resistance to antibiotics and virulence among bacteria. It is also linked to several natural phenomena including recombination, genome dynamics, adaptation and speciation. Horizontal DNA transfer between bacteria occurs via conjugation, transduction or competence for natural transformation by DNA uptake. Among these, competence is the only mechanism of transformation initiated and entirely controlled by the chromosome of the recipient bacteria. While the molecular mechanisms allowing the uptake of extracellular DNA are increasingly characterized, the function of competence for natural transformation by DNA uptake, the selective advantage maintaining it and the reasons why bacteria take up DNA in the first place are still debated. In this synthesis, I review some of the literature and discuss the four hypotheses on how and why do bacteria take up DNA. I argue that DNA uptake by bacteria is an accidental by-product of bacterial adhesion and twitching motility. Adhesion and motility are generally increased in stressful conditions, which may explain why bacteria increase DNA uptake in these conditions. In addition to its fundamental scientific relevance, the new hypothesis suggested here has significant clinical implications and finds further support from the fact that antibiotics sometimes fail to eliminate the targeted bacterium while inevitably causing stress to others. The widespread misuse of antibiotics may thus not only be selecting for resistant strains, but may also be causing bacteria to take up more DNA with the consequent increase in the chances of acquiring drug resistance and virulence-a scenario in full concordance with the previously reported induction of competence genes by antibiotics in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila.
journal_name
Arch Microbioljournal_title
Archives of microbiologyauthors
Bakkali Mdoi
10.1007/s00203-013-0870-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-04-01 00:00:00pages
279-89issue
4eissn
0302-8933issn
1432-072Xjournal_volume
195pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c in whole cells of Chlorobium tepidum grown at 46 degrees C changed into bacteriopheophytin (BPhe) c within 10 days after reaching full growth. When a small amount of C. tepidum cells in which BChl c had been completely pheophytinized were transferred to a new culture medium, normal growth ...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002030050737
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Video-enhanced light microscopy of the apical and subapical regions of growing hyphae of several fungal species revealed the existence of momentary synchronized motions of subcellular organelles. First discovered in a temperature-sensitive morphological mutant (ramosa-1) of Aspergillus niger, these seemingly spontaneo...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-005-0771-z
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of 147 microorganisms isolated from a loamy sand, 71 showed good growth with lindane (gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane) and produced chloride in an aqueous medium. Thirteen soil microorganisms were selected to study the utilization of lindane. Lindane was metabolized by the microbes to gamma-2,3,4,5,6-pentachlo...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00454850
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CO2 is required continuously during germination of Streptomyces viridochromogenes spores. Spores incubated in a defined germination medium in the absence of CO2 remain phase bright and do not release spore carbon. In the presence of CO2, the spores initiate germination accompanied by loss of refractility and spore car...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00429118
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspergillus nidulans is able to grow on oleic acid as sole carbon source. Characterization of the oleate-induced beta-oxidation pathway showed the presence of the two enzyme activities involved in the first step of this catabolic system: acyl-CoA oxidase and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. After isopicnic centrifugation in a ...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002030050392
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geobacter species such as G. bremensis, G. pelophilus, and G. sulfurreducens are obligately anaerobic and grow in anoxic, non-reduced medium by fast reduction of soluble ferric citrate. In contrast, insoluble ferrihydrite was either only slowly or not reduced when supplied as electron acceptor in similar growth experi...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-004-0686-0
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence (PGRS) found on the chromosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was characterized by means of mapping, cloning and sequencing. PGRS was present in at least 26 loci and consisted of many tandem repeats of the consensus sequence CGGCGGCAA. As the core of the consensus motif was t...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00381781
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An unique isotope labelling experiment was conducted whereby mixtures of sulfate and sulfite of different isotopic compositions were metabolized by Clostridium pasteurianum. The results showed during reduction of 1 mM SO3= plus 1 mM SO4=, essentially all evolved H2S arose from the sulfite whereas in the case of cellul...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00446644
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromate resistance in Ralstonia metallidurans CH34 is based on chromate efflux catalyzed by ChrA efflux pumps. The bacterium harbors two chromate resistance determinants, the previously known chr(1) on plasmid pMOL28 (genes chrI, chrB(1), chrA(1), chrC, chrE, chrF(1)) and chr(2) on the chromosome (genes chrB(2), chrA...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-002-0492-5
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium is a non-essential toxic heavy metal for organisms, including plants and cyanobacteria. Cadmium resistance transporters involved in resistance of cells against various toxicants such as drugs and effluxes cytotoxic compounds from cells. However, cadmium resistance-associated protein (CadD) has never been repor...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-017-1462-2
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the development of fruit bodies of the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune, the alkali-insoluble (R glucan) and alkali-soluble (S glucan) cell wall fractions are synthesized during the entire course of morphogenesis. The water soluble glucan (WSG) is not synthesized after an early stage. There is also a relativ...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00429623
更新日期：1977-07-26 00:00:00
abstract：:When Clostridium formicoaceticum was grown on fumarate or L-malate crude cell extracts contained a high fumarate reductase activity. Using reduced methyl viologen as electron donor the specific activity amounted to 2-3.5 U per mg of protein. Reduced benzyl viologen, FMNH2 and NADH could also serve as electron donors b...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00407920
更新日期：1978-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Maize is highly responsive to the application of nitrogen to achieve high productivity. Inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria can improve plant growth with low N fertilization. The objective was to evaluate the inoculation of two species of diazotrophs on N metabolism in maize plants, in the presence of two concentra...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-018-1594-z
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method is described for the quantitative microbiological analysis of the thiamine analog pyrithiamine present in biological material. The method uses a mutant of Lactobacillus fermenti (ATCC 9338) stimulated by pyrithiamine. By this specific method it is found that Serratia marcescens is able to consume and to p...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00436334
更新日期：1975-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibitor studies and mutant analysis revealed a C(30) pathway via 4,4'-diapophytoene and 4,4'-diaponeurosporene to 4,4'-diaponeursoporene-4-oic acid esters related to staphyloxanthin in Halobacillus halophilus. Six genes may be involved in this biosynthetic pathway and could be found in two adjacent gene clusters. Tw...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-008-0431-1
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methanolic extract of Artemisia pallens (MEAP) (Asteraceae) was explored as greenbiocorrosion inhibitor for mild steel 1010 in 1.5% sodium chloride environment. Bacillus megaterium SKR7 induces the development of biofilm on the metal surface and forms the pitting corrosion. MEAP was showed (25 ppm) optimum inhibition ...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-020-01951-7
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetrahydrofolate was shown to function as a methyl acceptor in the anaerobic demethylation of dimethylsulfoniopropionate to methylthiopropionate in cell extracts of the sulfate-reducing bacterium strain WN. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate-dependent activities were 0.56 micromol methyltetrahydrofolate min-1 (mg protein)-1 a...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002030050545
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TonB-dependent receptors in concert with the TonB-ExbB-ExbD protein complex are responsible for the uptake of iron and substances such as vitamin B12 in several bacterial species. In this study, Tn5 mutagenesis of the sugarcane endophytic bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus led to the isolation of a mutant with...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-014-1045-4
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Catalytic properties and membrane associations of the phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) and phosphatidylserine (PS) synthases of Rhodobacter sphaeroides were examined to further characterize sites of phospholipid biosynthesis. In preparations of cytoplasmic membrane (CM) enriched in these activities, apparent Km valu...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00456090
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes two Bradyrhizobium strains, UFLA03-164T and UFLA03-153, which share more than 99% sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA with the type strains of 15 species in this genus. The concatenation of three housekeeping genes (recA, gyrB, and dnaK) indicated that both strains formed a single clade separate f...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-020-01827-w
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 2,800 Tn 5 insertion mutants of Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium were screened for the loss of ability to suppress the multiplication of a spectinomycin-resistant (Spc(r)) but otherwise isogenic S. enterica sv. Typhimurium strain, when the Spc(r) mutant was added to 24-h LB broth cultures of the mutants. Selec...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-002-0458-7
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of Klebsiella oxytoca NRRL-B199 to use either lactose or the mixture of glucose and galactose as substrate for the production of 2,3-butanediol was studied in batch fermentations with different conditions of aeration and pH. 2,3-butanediol was undetected, or present in minute concentration in the fermentat...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00446920
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virulence factors of H. pylori, such as outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), are closely involved in the development of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. The functional status of oipA is regulated by a repair mechanism based on CT dinucleotide repeats that influence the reading frame, thus...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-018-1580-5
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulicat Lake sediments are often severely polluted with the toxic heavy metal mercury. Several mercury-resistant strains of Bacillus species were isolated from the sediments and all the isolates exhibited broad spectrum resistance (resistance to both organic and inorganic mercuric compounds). Plasmid curing assay show...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-006-0088-6
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The induction of the enzyme activities involved in butane metabolism in Pseudomonas butanovora was characterized. P. butanovora was grown on butane or its metabolites, both singly and in mixtures with other growth substrates. Cells grown in each of the butane metabolites readily consumed the growth substrate and downs...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002030100304
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The symbiotic bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium meliloti, and the purple photosynthetic bacteria Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodovulum sulfidophilum, Roseobacter denitrificans and Rhodobacter sphaeroides possess homologous two-component regulatory systems, namely RegSR, ActSR, RegBA and PrrBA. The respe...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002030000207
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state of the bacterium. Vibrio alginolyticus VIB283 was cultured in sterilized seawater microcosm at 4 degrees C. Culturability of the cells in the microcosm was monitored by spread plate count (PC) on 2216E agar, PCs declined to undetectable...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00203-007-0246-5
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rubredoxin content of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in dependence on the carbon source (acetate, n-alkanes, succinate, L-malate) and on the growth phase was studied by means of a radioimmunoassay. The method used was specific for rubredoxin and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The formation of rubredoxin increased with ...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00406170
更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a convenient method for the in vivo construction of large plasmids that possess a multitude of restriction sites. A large (23 kbases) circular self-replicating plasmid carrying a partial LEU2-d gene was cotransformed with a circular non-replicating plasmid carrying the entire LEU2 gene. In vivo recombinati...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00409661
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The maleylacetate reductase of 3-chlorobenzoate-grown cells of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 has been purified 50-fold. The enzyme converted 2-chloromaleylacetate to 3-oxoadipate with temporary occurrence of maleylacetate; 1 mol of chloride was eliminated during the conversion of 1 mol of 2-chloro- and 2,3-dichloromaleyl...
journal_title：Archives of microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00276301
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
