Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Video analyses reveal that the rate of incidents with a propensity for injury caused by opponent-to-player contact has increased by about 50% from 2000 to 2010 in Norwegian male professional football. The aim of the study was to assess whether a stricter interpretation of the Laws of the Game (red cards for high elbows in heading duels and for late/two foot tackles) could reduce the potential for injuries in Norwegian male professional football. METHODS:A preintervention/postintervention design was employed, where the rate of incidents and injuries from the 2010 season (pre) was compared to the 2011 season (post). An incident was recorded if the match was interrupted by the referee, and the player lay down for more than 15 s, and appeared to be in pain or received medical treatment. Time-loss injuries were recorded by the medical staff of each club. RESULTS:A total of 1421 contact incidents were identified, corresponding to a rate of 92.7 (95% CI 86.0 to 99.4) in the 2010 season and 86.6 (95% CI 80.3 to 99.4) in the 2011 season, with no difference between the two season. We found a reduction in the incidence of total head incidents (rate ratio (RR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.99), and head-incidents caused by arm-to-head contact (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.97). We found no difference in tackling characteristics or contact injury rate. CONCLUSIONS:We found no significant differences in the overall rate of incidents after the introduction of stricter rule enforcement. However, the rate of head and arm-to head incidents was lower in the 2011 season.
journal_name
Br J Sports Medjournal_title
British journal of sports medicineauthors
Bjørneboe J,Bahr R,Dvorak J,Andersen TEdoi
10.1136/bjsports-2012-091522subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-05-01 00:00:00pages
508-14issue
8eissn
0306-3674issn
1473-0480pii
bjsports-2012-091522journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy of in-shoe heel lifts to calf muscle eccentric exercise in reducing pain and improving function in mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS:This was a parallel-group randomised superiority trial at a single centre (La Trobe University Health Sciences Clinic, Discipline of Podiatry,...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2019-101776
更新日期：2020-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the stride pattern of different age groups of veteran runners in a marathon road race. METHODS:This kinematic study investigated the stride pattern (stride length, stride period, velocity, stance time, and non-stance time) for 151 runners (78 men aged up to 75-80, 73 women aged up to 60-64) at...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2006.026252
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of two different regimens of androgenic-anabolic steroid (AAS) administration on serum lipid and lipoproteins, and recovery of these variables after drug cessation, as indicators of the risk for cardiovascular disease in healthy male strength athletes. METHODS:In a non-blinded stu...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2003.000199
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case is presented of a professional half pipe snowboarder with a large post-traumatic subdural haematoma, which allowed close to normal functioning and socialisation. It is an example of a potentially life threatening sports injury in an increasingly commercialised and popular winter sport. It highlights that a kn...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2004.011882
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A central debate in the exercise sciences is the cause of the fatigue that develops especially during high intensity exercise of short duration. The most popular theory holds that this form of exercise is limited by a peripherally based, metabolite induced failure of skeletal muscle contractile function, independent o...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2003.009761
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The cellular basis of painful tendon overuse pathology (tendinosis) is poorly understood. It has been suggested that because of the close anatomical associations between mast cells and vessels in connective tissues, mast cells may mediate the development of tendon hypervascularity or oedema. OBJECTIVES:To e...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.040212
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare versions 8 and 10 of the Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (OSICS) to determine whether the revised version of OSICS has improved its use in a sports medicine setting, and to assess the inter-rater reliability of OSICS-10. METHODS:Injury surveillance data, gathered over a 2 year period ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2008.051979
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationships between the time spent in specific intensities of activity and inactivity, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in children. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of schools. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured in 224 chil...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2006.032045
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:As physical activity is promoted as part of a healthy lifestyle, sports injuries are becoming an important public health concern in many countries. The objective of this study is to investigate rates of sports injuries before and after implementation of a WHO Safe Community program. METHODS:Sports injury da...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2004.014472
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of strenuous exercise on bone metabolism and related hormones in elderly subjects. METHODS:Twenty one active elderly subjects (11 men and 10 women; mean age 73.3 years) showing a mean theoretical Vo2max of 151.4% participated. Concentrations of plasma ionised calcium (iCa), serum intac...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2004.013151
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether players who cross ≥6 time zones and/or undertake ≥10 h air travel prior to competition experience a higher risk of injury during the Sevens World Series than players not required to undertake this level of travel. DESIGN:Five-year, prospective, cohort study. PARTICIPANTS:All players from n...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2014-094369
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Athletes such as skaters and skiers inhale large volumes of cold air during exercise and shift from nasal to mouth breathing. Endurance athletes, like cross-country skiers, perform at 80% or more of their maximal oxygen consumption and have minute ventilations in excess of 100 l/min. Cold air is always dry, and endura...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2011-090822
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is little information on the nutritional habits of female football players at any level of the game. There is also a shortage of information on the nutrition and hydration strategies that players should adopt. In general, differences in nutritional needs between males and females are smaller than differences bet...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.036475
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the attitudes to, and knowledge of, doping in sport of French general practitioners (GPs), and their contact with drug taking athletes on an everyday basis. METHODS:A total of 402 GPs were randomly selected from all over France and interviewed by telephone, using a prepared script. RESULTS:The r...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.37.4.335
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To measure functional recovery following acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture using a simple and reliable clinical movement analysis system. Clinic based methods that simultaneously quantify different aspects of movement over a range of activities and model functional recovery will help guide rehab...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.019984
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the effects of interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training (MOD) on body adiposity in humans, and to perform subgroup analyses that consider the type and duration of interval training in different groups. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:English-language,...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2018-099928
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To prospectively follow a cohort of elite young male professional soccer players with sequential symptom questionnaires and imaging of the anterior pelvis to determine the prevalence and severity of imaging findings. METHODS:34 male athletes (mean age 16.5 years) underwent clinical examination, history/symptom qu...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2013-092932
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There seems to be a discrepancy between the available heat stress guidelines and the actual risk of heat-related illness among professional beach volleyball players competing under hot and humid conditions. OBJECTIVE:To monitor heat stress and record cases of heat-related medical forfeits on the Swatch FIVB...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2012-091102
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the incidence of hypermobility in young female netball players and to determine the relation between hypermobility, previous injuries sustained in netball or other sports, and the use of protective equipment. METHODS:Under 16 year old female netball players from a local suburban netball associati...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2004.015271
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Course setting has often been discussed as a potential preventative measure in the World Cup ski-racing community. However, there is limited understanding of how it is related to injury risk. OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of increased horizontal gate distance on energy-relate...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2012-091425
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To observe the differences in performance variables of the sit to stand transfer (as measured on the NeuroCom Balance Master) in a population of senior athletes. METHOD:A convenience sample of 173 subjects aged 50 years and older. Data were obtained from voluntary participation in a health fair offered at th...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.018564
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and safety of dietary supplements for patients with osteoarthritis. DESIGN:An intervention systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Allied and Complementary Medicine and Cumulati...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2016-097333
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the differences in hip external rotation (ER) strength and inner, outer, and total hip ER range of motion (ROM) between dancers and non-dancers and between left and right sides in each group. METHODS:Seventy one subjects (34 dancers and 37 non-dancers) volunteered for this study. The strength (t...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2003.010827
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rare case of unstable hamatometacarpal joint fracture-dislocation in a gymnast is presented. It was treated conservatively with successful outcome. ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.36.5.380
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyse risk factors leading to injuries during snowboarding. DESIGN:A case-control multicentre survey of injured and non-injured snowboarders. SETTING:One tertiary and two secondary trauma centres in Bern, Switzerland. METHODS:All snowboard injuries admitted to our tertiary and two affiliated secondary...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2010.071357
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:At the Second International Conference on Concussion in Sport, concussion was classified as "simple" or "complex" based largely on duration of clinical features. The purpose of the classification system was to assist clinicians in identifying higher grades of injury severity and guide injury management. The ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2009.058206
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/AIM:The main purposes of this study were to determine the injury incidence and severity in Australian amateur taekwondo athletes, and to investigate potential risk factors for injury in competition taekwondo. METHODS:Data were collected at New South Wales State Championships in 2010 and 2011. Injuries were ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2012-091666
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:No studies have been performed on cruising sailors who spend most of the year on offshore cruising sailboats. To gain a better understanding of this population, traumatic events occurring in this group of sailors were studied to define appropriate means of prevention. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS:Primary car...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2006.033175
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical and imaging differential diagnosis and tennis stroke biomechanics potentially involved in lunate stress injury pathogenesis. METHODS:The present report describes five competitive tennis players with overuse-related dorsal wrist pain assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS:Mag...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.036806
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In professional soccer, a significant amount of training time is used to improve players' aerobic capacity. However, it is not known whether soccer specific training fulfils the criterion of effective endurance training to improve maximal oxygen uptake, namely an exercise intensity of 90-95% of maximal heart...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.36.3.218
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
