Abstract:
:Histone acetylation is a prominent epigenetic modification of the central nervous system that is unequivocally associated with an increase in the rate of gene transcription. Because gene transcription, in turn, plays an important role in long-lasting forms of memory, histone acetylation generally favors long-term memory, whereas histone deacetylation impinges on it. Histone acetylation is also amenable to pharmacological interventions-predominantly by the use of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors-and has therefore spurred considerable interest as a putative target of cognitive enhancement. Because of the ubiquitous presence of histone acetylation, HDAC inhibitors have great potential not only to treat cognitive impairment resulting from neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders but also to serve as cognitive enhancers for the cognitively healthy. In this review, we summarize the state of the art of HDAC inhibitors as cognitive treatments or cognitive enhancers; describe a new model of their mode of action, epigenetic priming; and caution against their unsupervised usage, despite their overall great promise.
journal_name
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicoljournal_title
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicologyauthors
Gräff J,Tsai LHdoi
10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140216subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
311-30eissn
0362-1642issn
1545-4304journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The recognition that the wall tone of most arteries and veins can change in response to shear stress has several implications for our understanding of the effects of drugs on the circulation. By a primary action on the heart and vasculature, drugs can cause changes in cardiac output and blood pressure that lead to cha...
journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of exciting findings have been made in astrocytes during the past 15 years that have led many researchers to redefine how the brain works. Astrocytes are now widely regarded as cells that propagate Ca(2+) over long distances in response to stimulation, and, similar to neurons, release transmitters (called gli...
journal_title:Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology
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