Abstract:
:Intravenous administration of lead acetate to rabbits for 10 weeks at 2 week intervals resulted in significantly elevated blood lead levels, slight anemia with marked microspherocytosis and moderate basophilic stippling, and marked depression of red cell delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase activity. However the decrease in red cell pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) activity was slight when compared to the red cell P5N activity of comparable reticulocyte-rich blood, and intracellular accumulation of pyrimidine nucleotides could not be demonstrated. In the in vitro inhibition test the same degree of inhibition of red cell P5N activity seen in hereditary red cell P5N deficiency was obtained by using a lead concentration 200--400 times higher than the lead levels detected in human plumbism. Most importantly, there were no differences in the lead-induced inhibition of human and rabbit red cell P5N. From the results of the in vitro inhibition test, lead-induced red cell P5N deficiency appears to be one of several pathogenic mechanisms in chronic lead exposure associated with the accumulation of lead in bone marrow. A decrease in rec cell P5N activity could not be demonstrated despite the marked depression in red cell ALA dehydratase activity, and slight anemia with marked microspherocytosis and moderate basophilic stippling in this experiment. These results suggest that lead affects red cells at multiple metabolic loci.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Fujii Hdoi
10.1007/BF00695874subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-10-01 00:00:00pages
59-64issue
1eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To investigate possible persistent nephrotoxic effects of trichloroethylene (TRI), a retrospective study was carried out on 39 workers exposed to high levels of TRI from 1956 to 1975. Total protein levels in urine, as well as serum and urine creatinine and serum urea were unchanged in comparison with the control. Sodi...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050613
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volunteers inhaled a constant concentration of 50 ppm trichloroethylene (Tri) for 6 hrs per day on 5 consecutive days. Simultaneous ethanol (EtOH) ingestion (blood level 0.6%) inhibits the metabolization of Tri to trichloroethanol (TCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) by 40% on the average. Oxidation of Tri to TCA does...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00311271
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Labilization of lysosomal enzymes is often associated with the general process of inflammation. The present study investigated the effect of the pneumotoxin cadmium on the release and activity of two lung lysosomal enzymes. Incubation of rat lung lysosomes with cadmium resulted in the release of beta-glucuronidase but...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050181
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were exposed to single periods of inhalation of fumes generated by arc welding. Two processes were compared: either manual metal arc (MMA) using flux-coated mild steel (MS) electrodes or metal inert-gas (MIG) welding with stainless steel (SS). Widespread but small deposits of fume particles were cleared effective...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00316578
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical formation of dichlorvos (2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) was found to occur in mouse brain after i.p. injection of metrifonate (2, 2, 2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl dimethyl phosphonate). A mass fragmentographic technique was used. Different isotopic variants were used both as internal standards and to com...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00351767
更新日期:1978-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin analogues are widely used in clinical practice. Modifications on the insulin molecular structure can affect the affinity and activation towards two closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: the insulin receptor (INSR) and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). A switch towards higher IGF1R affinit...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-014-1201-2
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Particle-induced carcinogenicity is not well understood, but might involve inflammation. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is considered to be an important mediator in inflammation. We investigated its role in particle-induced inflammation and DNA damage in mice with and without TNF signaling. T...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-004-0613-9
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human precision-cut liver slices (hPCLS) are a valuable ex vivo model that can be used in acute toxicity studies. However, a rapid decline in metabolic enzyme activity limits their use in studies that require a prolonged xenobiotic exposure. The aim of the study was to extend the viability and function of hPCLS to 5 d...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1865-x
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00319653
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040100213
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose depends on metabolic activation to a toxic reactive metabolite via hepatic mixed function oxidase. In vitro studies have indicated that APAP may also be cooxidized by prostaglandin H synthetase. The present experiments were designed to assess the possible contributio...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01972990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic ciprofibrate administration resulted in distinct differences in hepatic responses between the two species examined. In the rat, hepatomegaly was observed with the coordinate induction of carnitine acetyltransferase, peroxisomal beta-oxidation and cytochrome P450IVA1 activities. The latter induction of cytochro...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02034935
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assay conditions in determining total cytochrome P-450 in four laboratories were compared. Although the determination was derived from the original Omura and Sato method in each laboratory, the four standard protocols differed slightly, resulting in considerable differences in the results. Since the cytochrome P-450 c...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00324544
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reliable analytical method for total morphine in hair was established by GC/MS-SIM. The calibration curve for morphine in hair showed linear over 0.5-100 ng/mg hair. Though the limit of detection was 0.1 ng/mg hair with an S/N > 3 of the base ion(m/z 429) for morphine, the limit of confirmation by detection of thr...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01981507
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of haemoperfusion on some immunological parameters was investigated in a pilot study involving two groups of three patients each. In columns containing cellulose-coated activated charcoal or polystyrene resin a temporary reduction of the total white cell number, particularly involving the segmented and b...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00354774
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of vitamin E was followed in serum, liver and kidney of 10- and 55-day-old rats after the administration of a single i.m. dose of 100 mg alpha-tocopherol acetate/100 g body wt. The basal levels without vitamin E administration were significantly higher in serum and liver of 10- than 55-day-old rats. The e...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050444
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group means from nerve conduction studies of persons exposed to lead were used in a meta-analysis. Differences between the control and exposed groups, and the slopes between nerve conduction measurements and log(10) blood lead concentrations were estimated using mixed models. Conduction velocity was reduced in the med...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s00204-008-0292-z
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the demethylation reaction of methylmercury (MeHg) in rat liver, slices prepared from MeHg-treated rats were incubated in L-15 medium under 95% O2/5% CO2 atmosphere. During the incubation, the amount of inorganic Hg in the slices markedly increased in a time-dependent manner, although the concentration of t...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040100256
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse liver CYP2A5 is induced by several structurally unrelated compounds. In intact mouse liver, pyrazole (PYR) and 4-hydroxypyrazole (4-OH) induce selectively the expression of CYP2A5 while expression of other CYPs is decreased. In this study we exposed mouse primary hepatocytes to PYR, 4-OH, 4-methylpyrazole (4Me; ...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002040050511
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The responsiveness of the hepatic supernatant NAD+-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase with a high Km value (high Km-AldDH) to phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) treatment was studied in male rats of three strains; Wistar, Long-Evans, and Sprague-Dawley. A remarkable strain difference in the response of t...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333620
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic exposure to propiverine, a frequently prescribed pharmaceutical for treatment of overactive bladder and incontinence, provokes massive protein accumulation in the cytosol and nucleus of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells in rats. Previously, the accumulating protein was identified as D-amino acid oxidase (...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1685-z
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dulcin (DL), now banned, was once a widely used artificial sweetener. DL possesses an ureido group that is metabolized by direct glucuronidation in rabbit liver microsomes. Dulcin N-glucuronide (DNG) is the only type of ureido N-glucuronide known to date; ureido glucuronidation in humans has not been previously report...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-006-0138-5
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chondrotoxicity is a rare toxicological finding which is observed in dogs after administration of quinolone antibacterials. To study this effect chondrocytes from articular cartilage of dogs were isolated, and incubated with quinolone derivatives. The effects on cell viability, mitochondrial dehydrogenase, and proteog...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01977402
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rodenticide tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) is a potent convulsant (lethal dose in humans 7-10 mg) that is listed as a possible threat agent by the United States Department of Homeland Security. TETS has previously been studied in vivo for toxicity and in vitro in binding assays, with the latter demonstratin...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-017-2089-4
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the developmental neurotoxicity of arsenic in offspring rats by transplacental and early life exposure to sodium arsenite in drinking water, the pregnant rats or lactating dams, and weaned pups were given free access to drinking water, which contained arsenic at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, 100 mg/L from G...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-009-0403-5
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Garenoxacin is a des-F(6)-quinolone with a broad antibacterial spectrum, which has previously been shown to exhibit low chondrotoxicity in juvenile dogs compared with several other quinolones. A study was performed to determine whether the low chondrotoxicity observed in immature rats following garenoxacin treatment c...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-003-0514-3
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carcinogenic risk and molecular mechanisms underlying the liver tumor-promoting activity of copper gluconate, an additive of functional foods, were investigated using a rat medium-term liver carcinogenicity bioassay protocol (Ito test) and a 2-week short-term administration experiment. In the medium-term liver bioassa...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-008-0294-x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous human and experimental studies have demonstrated that lead exposure may modify the metabolism of lipids. Several studies have indicated that exposure to lead produces an increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibits blood superoxide dismutase activity. Recently, lipid peroxides have been shown to impair tissue ...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01973308
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The EU-EuroMix project adopted the strategy of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for cumulative risk assessment, which limits the number of chemicals to consider in a mixture to those that induce a specific toxicological phenotype. These so-called cumulative assessment groups (CAGs) are refined at several leve...
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2320-y
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria presents an imminent risk to global health. Polymyxins are 'last-resort' antibiotics against Gram-negative 'superbugs'; however, nephrotoxicity remains a key impediment in their clinical use. Molecular mechanisms underlying this nephrotoxicity remain poorly defined....
journal_title:Archives of toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2192-1
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00