Abstract:
:Decompression sickness is initiated by gas bubbles formed during decompression, and it has been generally accepted that exercise before decompression causes increased bubble formation. There are indications that exercise-induced muscle injury seems to be involved. Trauma-induced skeletal muscle injury and vigorous exercise that could theoretically injure muscle tissues before decompression have each been shown to result in profuse bubble formation. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury prior to decompression from diving would cause increase of vascular bubbles and lower survival rates after decompression. In this study, we examined muscle injury caused by eccentric exercise in rats prior to simulated diving and we observed the resulting bubble formation. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 42) ran downhill (-16º) for 100 min on a treadmill followed by 90 min rest before a 50-min simulated saturation dive (709 kPa) in a pressure chamber. Muscle injury was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and qPCR, and vascular bubbles after diving were detected by ultrasonic imaging. The exercise protocol resulted in increased mRNA expression of markers of muscle injury; αB-crystallin, NF-κB, and TNF-α, and myofibrillar disruption with preserved sarcolemmal integrity. Despite evident myofibrillar disruption after eccentric exercise, no differences in bubble amounts or survival rates were observed in the exercised animals as compared to non-exercised animals after diving, a novel finding that may be applicable to humans.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Jørgensen A,Foster PP,Eftedal I,Wisløff U,Paulsen G,Havnes MB,Brubakk AOdoi
10.1007/s00421-012-2537-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-05-01 00:00:00pages
1189-98issue
5eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
113pub_type
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
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