Abstract:
:The cheese microbiota contributes to a large extent to the development of the typical color, flavor, and texture of the final product. Its composition is not well defined in most cases and varies from one cheese to another. The aim of the present study was to establish procedures for gene transcript quantification in cheeses by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Total RNA was extracted from five smear-ripened cheeses purchased on the retail market, using a method that does not involve prior separation of microbial cells. 16S rRNA and malate:quinone oxidoreductase gene transcripts of Corynebacterium casei, Brevibacterium aurantiacum, and Arthrobacter arilaitensis and 26S rRNA and beta tubulin gene transcripts of Geotrichum candidum and Debaryomyces hansenii could be detected and quantified in most of the samples. Three types of normalization were applied: against total RNA, against the amount of cheese, and against a reference gene. For the first two types of normalization, differences of reverse transcription efficiencies from one sample to another were taken into account by analysis of exogenous control mRNA. No good correlation was found between the abundances of target mRNA or rRNA transcripts and the viable cell concentration of the corresponding species. However, in most cases, no mRNA transcripts were detected for species that did not belong to the dominant species. The applications of gene expression measurement in cheeses containing an undefined microbiota, as well as issues concerning the strategy of normalization and the assessment of amplification specificity, are discussed.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Monnet C,Straub C,Castellote J,Onesime D,Bonnarme P,Irlinger Fdoi
10.1128/AEM.02360-12subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
469-77issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02360-12journal_volume
79pub_type
杂志文章abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 507 in vol. 30.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody against nivalenol tetraacetate (tetra-Ac-NIV) was prepared by immunization of rabbits with triacetyl-15-pimelate-NIV conjugated to bovine serum albumin. By using tritiated tetra-Ac-NIV as the test ligand, antibody titers were demonstrated as early as 4 weeks after immunization. Useful antibody for radioimmuno...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.4.1026-1030.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this report, we describe the selective cloning of large DNA fragments from magnetotactic metagenomes from various aquatic habitats. This was achieved by a two-step magnetic enrichment which allowed the mass collection of environmental magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) virtually free of nonmagnetic contaminants. Four fos...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02701-08
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time series incubations were conducted to provide estimates for the size selectivities and rates of protistan grazing that may be occurring in a sandy, contaminated aquifer. The experiments involved four size classes of fluorescently labeled groundwater bacteria (FLB) and 2- to 3-microns-long nanoflagellates, primaril...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.2.618-625.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::White rot fungi can oxidize high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) rapidly to polar metabolites, but only limited mineralization takes place. The objectives of this study were to determine if the polar metabolites can be readily mineralized by indigenous microflora from several inoculum sources, ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.8.2853-2858.1998
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ergosterol is a membrane component specific to fungi that can be used to estimate fungal biomass using appropriate factors of conversion. Our objectives were to determine the limits of use of ergosterol content as a measure of biomass for aquatic hyphomycetes, and to evaluate a previously established ergosterol-to-bio...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.5.2051-2055.2001
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human enteropathogen Clostridium difficile constitutes a key public health issue in industrialized countries. Many aspects of C. difficile pathophysiology and adaptation inside the host remain poorly understood. We have recently reported that this bacterium possesses an active CRISPR-Cas system of subtype I-B for ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01416-19
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::For efficient generation of high-affinity protein-based binding molecules, fast and reliable downstream characterization platforms are needed. In this work, we have explored the use of staphylococcal cell surface display together with flow cytometry for affinity characterization of candidate affibody molecules directl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01432-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane integrity of a cell is a well-accepted criterion for characterizing viable (active or inactive) cells and distinguishing them from damaged and membrane-compromised cells. This information is of major importance in studies of the function of microbial assemblages in natural environments, in order to assign...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.67.10.4662-4670.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermophilic actinomycetes and bacilli were recovered from mushroom compost by conventional dilution plating and sedimentation chamber-Andersen sampler methods. Excessive growth of thermophilic bacilli on dilution plates accounted for the poor recovery and limited diversity of actinomycete colonies, and this result wa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.12.3107-3112.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two Acanthamoeba species, fed at three temperatures, expelled vesicles containing living Legionella pneumophila cells. Vesicles ranged from 2.1 to 6.4 microns in diameter and theoretically could contain several hundred bacteria. Viable L. pneumophila cells were observed within vesicles which had been exposed to two co...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.1.279-286.1998
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Typing of F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages has been proposed as a useful method for distinguishing human from animal fecal contamination in environmental samples. Group II and III FRNA coliphages are generally associated with human wastes, but several exceptions have been noted. In the present study, we have genotyped...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1226-1230.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carnobacterium maltaromaticum UAL307, isolated from fresh pork, exhibits potent activity against a number of gram-positive organisms, including numerous Listeria species. Three bacteriocins were isolated from culture supernatant, and using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00817-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xylanase activity from naturally occurring color variants of Aureobasidium pullulans was associated with extracellular monomeric proteins of 20 to 21 kilodaltons. Xylanase represented nearly half the total extracellular protein, with a yield of up to 0.3 g of xylanase per liter. The specific activity of partially puri...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.5.1026-1030.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol caused altered mobility of the lipophilic probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in plasma membrane preparations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Because lipids had been shown to protect yeast cells against ethanol toxicity, sterols, fatty acids, proteins, and combinations of these were tested; however, protection fr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.3.685-689.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have extended the technique of electroporation as a genetic tool for manipulating the Agrobacterium tumefaciens chromosome. We used this technique to introduce chromosomal DNA into recipient A. tumefaciens strains by electroporation and constructed isogenic chvE mutants that share the same chromosomal background bu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.11.4192-4194.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial mercury methylation and methylmercury decomposition were examined in Lake Clara, an oligotrophic northern Wisconsin seepage lake, using radioisotopic tracers. Methylation activity was near background in the water column, was greatest in the profundal surficial sediments, and decreased with depth in sediment ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.10.2397-2404.1987
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An agar medium containing 5% cholesterol has been developed for the isolation, enumeration, and characterization of cholesterol-reducing strains of Eubacterium. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.6.1130-1132.1980
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella species are pathogenic bacteria often detected in sewage, freshwater, marine coastal water, and groundwater. Salmonella spp. can survive for long periods in natural waters, and the persistence of specific and epidemic strains is of great concern in public health. However, the diversity of species found in t...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.4.1544-1552.2000
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chitin is massively produced by freshwater plankton species as a structural element of their exoskeleton or cell wall. At the same time, chitin does not accumulate in the predominantly anoxic sediments, underlining its importance as carbon and nitrogen sources for sedimentary microorganisms. We studied chitin degradat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00963-19
更新日期:2019-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Recent physiological work has shown that the filamentous euendolithic cyanobacterium Mastigocoleus testarum (strain BC008) is able to bore into solid carbonates using Ca²⁺-ATPases to take up Ca²⁺ from the medium at the excavation front, promoting dissolution of CaCO₃ there. It is not known, however, if this is a wides...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06633-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficacious systems are described for the large-scale growth in tissue culture and concentration of infectious (P3HR-1) and transforming (B95-8) Epstein-Barr virus. Also recorded here are our updated procedures for growing stock cultures and protocols to harvest fluids containing biologically active virus which is inf...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.6.1044-1048.1980
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, which are native to estuaries globally, are agents of seafood-borne or wound infections, both potentially fatal. Like all vibrios autochthonous to coastal regions, their abundance varies with changes in environmental parameters. Sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01296-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cloned 135-kDa CryIC delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is a lepidopteran-active toxin, displaying high activity in vivo against Spodoptera litoralis and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and in vitro against the S. frugiperda Sf9 cell line. Here, we report that the CryIC delta-endotoxin cloned from B. thuring...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.2.680-684.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequence analysis of the five genes (gutRMCBA) downstream from the previously described sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-encoding Lactobacillus casei gutF gene revealed that they constitute a sorbitol (glucitol) utilization operon. The gutRM genes encode putative regulators, while the gutCBA genes encode the EIIC, E...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00230-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the relative merits of tryptone yeast extract agar, the same medium unbuffered, and medium M17 for the assay of nine bacteriophages of lactic streptococci, comparative plaque counts were made with an overlay of 3 or 9 ml. Four of the phages exhibited no significant difference in plating efficiency between me...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.4.798-802.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains have caused several cases of ear, wound, and blood infections, including one lethal case of septicemia in Austria, during recent years. All of these cases had a history of local recreational activities in the large eastern Austrian lake Neusiedler See. Thus, a monitoring program...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01739-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) is one of the main growth-limiting factors of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Due to human activity, the availability of Pi has increased in water bodies, resulting in eutrophication and the formation of massive cyanobacterial blooms. In this study, we examined the molecular responses of the cyan...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01062-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophages against Streptococcus thermophilus are a growing problem in the Italian cheese industry. One possible control method involves replacing S. thermophilus in mozzarella starter blends with lactic acid bacteria from a different genus or species. In this study, we evaluated lactose-positive pediococci for th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.3.936-941.1996
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emulsan is a polyanionic heteropolysaccharide bioemulsifier produced by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1. A mixed bacterial population was obtained by enrichment culture that was capable of degrading emulsan and using it as a carbon source. From this mixed culture, an emulsan-degrading bacterium, termed YUV-1, was is...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.573-579.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00