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Transition in the equilibrium distribution function of relativistic particles.

Abstract：

:We analyze a transition from single peaked to bimodal velocity distribution in a relativistic fluid under increasing temperature, in contrast with a non-relativistic gas, where only a monotonic broadening of the bell-shaped distribution is observed. Such transition results from the interplay between the raise in thermal energy and the constraint of maximum velocity imposed by the speed of light. We study the Bose-Einstein, the Fermi-Dirac, and the Maxwell-Jüttner distributions, and show that they all exhibit the same qualitative behavior. We characterize the nature of the transition in the framework of critical phenomena and show that it is either continuous or discontinuous, depending on the group velocity. We analyze the transition in one, two, and three dimensions, with special emphasis on twodimensions, for which a possible experiment in graphene, based on the measurement of the Johnson-Nyquist noise, is proposed.

journal_name

Sci Rep

journal_title

Scientific reports

authors

Mendoza M,Araújo NA,Succi S,Herrmann HJ

doi

10.1038/srep00611

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-01-01 00:00:00

pages

611

issn

2045-2322

journal_volume

2

pub_type

杂志文章

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