Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to develop an optimal educational model for contraceptive counseling, to analyze conditions influencing choice of hormonal contraception, to study patients' opinions on present, planned and proposed contraceptive methods and to link these data with socioeconomic and demographic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS:One thousand eight hundred fifty women (mean age 26.8 +/- 5.9 yrs) willing to use hormonal contraception were presented with essential information on combined hormonal contraception and asked to fill the anonymous questionnaire investigating factors influencing contraceptive choice and patients' opinion on alternative forms of birth regulation. The study was conducted in selected 185 centers in Poland and was a part of a larger survey (CHOICE) conducted on 11 216 women in Europe and Israel. RESULTS:Majority of the studied women were in stable relationship (85,5%), had higher or incomplete higher education (54.8%) and permanent job (54%). The purpose of the visit was to start/change contraception (64.2%), a routine gynecologic check-up (36.7%) or the need for a prescription for the continued contraceptive medication (18.7%). The most commonly used contraceptive methods were oral contraceptive pills (OCP 38.7%) and condom (24.9%). Majority of women highly valued contraceptive counseling and more than 90% were eager to get familiarized with information leaflets. Before the counseling majority of subjects stated that were convinced to use OCP (52.7%; major advantages named: easy to use, favorable bleeding profile, amelioration of menstrual discomfort, comfortable, discrete) and contraceptive patch (22%; major advantages named: applied once a week, comfortable, simple, low risk for noncompliance, favorable bleeding profile). After the counseling there was an increase in proportion of women interested in contraceptive hormonal ring (by 19%; major advantages named: applied once a month, comfortable, very low risk for noncompliance, high efficacy and positive recommendation from a physician). In 58 women no hormonal contraception was recommended, predominantly due to medical contraindications. CONCLUSIONS:Appropriate patient counseling on all forms of combined hormonal contraception, with special attention paid to benefits and safety issues, suited to women's expectations and education is fundamental for the selection of an optimal birth control method.
journal_name
Ginekol Poljournal_title
Ginekologia polskaauthors
Tomaszewski J,Paszkowski T,Debski R,Kotarski J,Skrzypulec-Plinta V,Spaczyński RZ,Pawelczyk Lsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
417-23issue
6eissn
0017-0011issn
2543-6767journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It was described two cases of vulvar melanoma malignum. Both women after primary radical treatment, unfortunately died. It was discussed the classification of melanoma malignum, the efficiency of treatment nowadays and the problems in diagnosis. General results of treatment are poor. It is due to tendency for spreadin...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is usually located in the Fallopian tube and it has a significant adverse effect on womens fertility Three types of EP treatment include: expectant, medical, and surgical radical (salpingectomy) or conservative (salpingotomy) management. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to compar...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.17772/gp/1675
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population of 49 young, secondary amenorrheic women aged 17 to 20 was divided according to reaction on i.m. injection of progesterone in oil. The positive category was subdivided into I--polycystic ovarian disease with elevated serum LH and II--hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (HPD) with normal (or decreased) le...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prognostic value of some clinical factors on the course of subsequent pregnancy in 117 women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion undergoing immunization with paternal lymphocytes were evaluated in the study. The results allow to conclude that high efficiency of alloimmunization in preventing consecutive ab...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been many advances in perinatal medicine, but few as impressive as those in Rh-disease. Over several decades, we have seen a disease, which once caused the perinatal death of half of all Rh-immunized pregnancies, almost disappear. The success of this medical campaign should serve as a model for the conqueri...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper presents results of 1099 laparoscopies performed in sterility. Laparoscopy was made in the second phase of the menstrual cycle, 5 to 7 days after probable ovulation, as a last stage in diagnosis of sterility. Normal state of genital organs and minor pelvis was noted in 20.9% of investigated patients. In the ...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothermia is one of the most important factors having an influence on morbidity of the newborns. Physiology of neonatal thermoregulation and thermogenesis is described as well as range of methods used for preventing heat loss and maintaining neutral temperature. An article presents the main reasons of limited thermo...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN:Leptin, a product of adipocytes, is a cytokine with multiple effects on the reproductive axis. Leptin causes the activation of STAT proteins within target cells. The aromatase gene promoter in adipose stromal cells contains a functional STAT binding region, leading to the hypothesis that leptin ma...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Evaluate the time dependent expression of genes in preterm neonates and verify the influence of ontogenic maturation and the environmental factors on the gene expression after birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study was carried out on 20 full-term newborns and 62 preterm newborns (mean birth weight = 1002 [g]...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5603/GP.a2017.0080
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twin pregnancy is the rarest form of twin gestation, accounting for around 1:10000 to 1:20000 of all deliveries regardless of the region of the world. All multiple gestations have a higher risk of preterm delivery due to either preterm uterine contractions or asymptomatic cervical s...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::39 normal fetal heart examinations were evaluated since 20 week of gestation to term, and Doppler blood flow was analysed for mitral and tricuspid valves. The measurements were done always in good 4 chamber view and qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed, in terms of describing E and A waves and maximal ...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) increases a risk of perinatal complications and may carry a negative influence on a later baby's mental and physical development. Poorer function revealed by many vital organs seems to be the effect of their lower mass and their relative immaturity. In the first part of a paper t...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases are proteolytic enzymes which degrade extracellular matrix proteins. Along with their specific inhibitors--issue inhibitors of metalloproteinases--they play an important role in the spreading of malignant tumours. The research conducted in recent years has shown that metalloproteinases and th...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most important benefit of tocolysis is a 48-hour prolongation of gestational age in order to administer corticosteroids to reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity as well as, if necessary to gain time for "in utero" transfer to a tertiary centre with neonatal facilities. The tocolytic agents used in clinical prac...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to test the relationship between maternal serum proinflammatory cytokines level and AFI (amniotic fluid index) in pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of membranes (PROM). MATERIALS AND METHODS:The maternal serum levels of IL-6, IL-1 beta and TNF-alfa were assessed in patient...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of our study was clinical analysis of patients operated with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Between 1972 and 1991 at the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University of Gdańsk 687 total hysterectomies in Wertheim-Meigs method were performed in ...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper sums up the results of treatment with laparoscopy the patients suffering from infertility of unknown reason. Laparoscopy was performed in 75 patients and only in 21.3% of cases the reason of infertility remained unclear. In most of infertile women (90%) different factors of infertility were revealed--among ...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proper age of sexual initiation remains a topical issue in developmental sexology and gynecology Premature sexual début is a risk factor for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and their consequences: unplanned pregnancy and emotional stress. Consequences of risky sexual behavior (young age of sexual initiat...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three thousand and twelve (3012) diagnostic laparoscopies in children, girls and women were carried out during the period 1970--1992. The age of the patients was between 6--49 years. The present studies show that laparoscopy fills up the space between the clinical investigation and laparotomy probatoria. It helps to s...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The present study aims to investigate the role of oxidant-antioxidant status in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Seventy-one women with PCOS and 53 healthy controls are compared in aspect of demographic characteristics, biochemical data, hormones, and oxidant-antioxida...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5603/GP.2016.0079
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to assess the treatment options and survival of uterine cervical cancer (UCC) patients who develop isolated pulmonary metastases (IPM) and to establish risk factors for IPM. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Data from patients diagnosed with UCC between June 1991 and January 2017 at the Gynecol...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5603/GP.a2018.0102
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water is a substance essential for life. It creates the environment of our body, keeps it's homeostasis, enables every biochemical reaction and metabolic processes in human organism. Maternal hydratation is essential for homeostasis of two organisms and drinking water influences the amniotic fluid volume, fetal well-b...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclopia is a deformation of the facial skeleton with one eye orbit formed in the place where both eyes should be present. As a result of hypoplasia there is absence (hypothesized loss) of central nervous system structures. Teratogenic factors leading to the occurrence of this anomaly may include irregular cholesterol...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a pro-inflammatory state, both factors possible related to adipokine expression. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:The study included 20 women with GDM, diagnosed according to the WHO criteria, and 23 matched for age and BMI women with normal glucose ...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:G-CSF is a stimulatory factor of granulocyte colony formation. In vitro and in vivo G-CSF stimulates the proliferation of granulocyte precursors and enhances phagocytic functions of mature cells. Indirect evidence of this might be the increase of the activity of granulocyte enzymes participating in phagocyto...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study is to present data concerning Neugebauer-Le Fort operations performed at the Gynecologic Oncology Clinic, Polish Mother's Health Center Research Institute in Lodz between 2000-2009, including the effects of the surgeries on improving quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Our research in...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.17772/gp/2063
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various therapheutic strategies employing stem cells have been proposed as the alternative, effective methods for therapy of multitude diseases, difficult to treat using standard, well-established methods. Advancing regenerative medicine, which is becoming a novel branch of clinical medicine, has high hopes of stem ce...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theoretically, a woman could bear unlimited number of fetuses. Practically, the human being on the top of his phylogenetic spread, has chosen the singleton birth as its dominant. The anatomical constitution of the woman let her feed no more than two children at the same time. This were probably the reasons for conside...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors presented the frequency of urinary tract infection (u.t.i) in pregnancy in own practice. Additional complications in pregnancy with asymptomatic bacteriuria and acute pyelonephritis were described. Postnatal period of neonates born from mothers with u.t.i. in pregnancy were analyzed. The authors defined th...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Osteoporosis is a multifactoral disease with aetiology depending from the hormonal, environmental, and genetic factors. One of the suggested candidate gene involved in the pathogenesis is the polymorphic gene encoding for vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR polymorphism was connected with bone mineral density (BMD...
journal_title:Ginekologia polska
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00