Keratoconus in 18 pairs of twins.

Abstract:

PURPOSE:To describe the concordance of keratoconus in 18 sets of twins. METHODS:Thirteen monozygotic (MZ) and five dizygotic (DZ) pairs of twins were identified during an investigation of familial keratoconus. We used 16 forensic microsatellite markers to confirm the zygosity of same sex twins. Patients and available relatives were examined for signs of keratoconus using corneal topography. For each pair of twins, the severity of keratoconus in each eye was graded according to the steepest keratometry value and the average difference in score between the MZ and DZ twins compared. RESULTS:All of the MZ twins and four of the five DZ twins were concordant for keratoconus but with differences in age of onset and severity of disease. The subjective age of onset of keratoconus tended to be earlier in the MZ twins (16.4 years, SD 4.66) than in the DZ twins (20.3 years, SD 7.55) (p=0.086). Additional relatives with keratoconus were identified in two (16%) of the families with MZ twins and in three (60%) of the families of DZ twins. The mean difference in severity scores was 1.4 (SD 1.73) for the MZ twins and 3.0 (SD 1.00) for the DZ twins (p=0.035). CONCLUSION:This data provide evidence that the severity of keratoconus is more concordant in MZ than in DZ twins. The results support the currently accepted hypothesis of an important genetic contribution towards the pathogenesis of keratoconus, but suggest that there is also an environmental effect on the expression of disease.

journal_name

Acta Ophthalmol

journal_title

Acta ophthalmologica

authors

Tuft SJ,Hassan H,George S,Frazer DG,Willoughby CE,Liskova P

doi

10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.02448.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-09-01 00:00:00

pages

e482-6

issue

6

eissn

1755-375X

issn

1755-3768

journal_volume

90

pub_type

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