Abstract:
RATIONALE:In the normal lung, breathing and deep inspirations potently antagonize bronchoconstriction, but in the asthmatic lung this salutary effect is substantially attenuated or even reversed. To explain these findings, the prevailing hypothesis focuses on contracting airway smooth muscle and posits a nonlinear dynamic interaction between actomyosin binding and the tethering forces imposed by tidally expanding lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVE:This hypothesis has never been tested directly in bronchial smooth muscle embedded within intraparenchymal airways. Our objective here is to fill that gap. METHODS:We designed a novel system to image contracting intraparenchymal human airways situated within near-normal lung architecture and subjected to dynamic parenchymal expansion that simulates breathing. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Reversal of bronchoconstriction depended on the degree to which breathing actually stretched the airway, which in turn depended negatively on severity of constriction and positively on the depth of breathing. Such behavior implies positive feedbacks that engender airway instability. OVERALL CONCLUSIONS:These findings help to explain heterogeneity of airflow obstruction as well as why, in people with asthma, deep inspirations are less effective in reversing bronchoconstriction.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Lavoie TL,Krishnan R,Siegel HR,Maston ED,Fredberg JJ,Solway J,Dowell MLdoi
10.1164/rccm.201202-0368OCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
225-32issue
3eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970pii
rccm.201202-0368OCjournal_volume
186pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Regional hypoventilation in bronchoconstricted patients with asthma is spatially associated with reduced perfusion, which is proposed to result from hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). OBJECTIVES:To determine the role of HPV in the regional perfusion redistribution in bronchoconstricted patients with a...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In complex diseases of genetic etiology such as asthma and atopy, it is difficult to differentiate causes of disease from consequences, and quantitate the importance of such causative factors. We examined possible risk factors for the development of wheezing and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in a cotwin-control study ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.3.9702070
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abstract::In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the intensity of aerobic training is limited by dyspnea. Improving strength of the inspiratory muscles could enhance aerobic exercise training by reducing exercise-related dyspnea. We examined effects of home-based inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and cycl...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Rationale: Limited information is available on racial/ethnic differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Objectives: Determine effects of race/ethnicity and ancestry on mortality and disease outcomes in diverse patients with PAH.Methods: Patients with Group 1 PAH were included from two national registries wit...
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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abstract:RATIONALE:Bacterial pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity for HIV-infected persons and contributes to excess mortality in this population. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the frequency and risk factors for occurrence of bacterial pneumonia in the present era of potent antiretroviral therapy. METHODS:We evaluated data from a...
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更新日期:2005-11-15 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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abstract::Normative spirometric values were derived from 5,042 white (of mainly European ancestry) and black (of mainly African ancestry) men and women paper plant workers who are never-smokers, with no respiratory symptoms or diagnoses and no history of occupational exposure to fibrogenic dusts or irritant chemicals. This coho...
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abstract::The mechanism responsible for diminished exercise performance in cystic fibrosis (CF) is not clear. We hypothesized that reduced muscle size, rather than an intrinsic muscle defect, was the primary factor in such diminished exercise performance. Twenty-two subjects with CF (14 females and eight males, aged 6.5 to 17.7...
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00