Abstract:
:The regulation of local L-tryptophan concentrations by tryptophan-degrading enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) induced by various stimuli such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is one of the key mechanisms in antimicrobial effect. Recently, IDO is also focused on an immunosuppressive mechanism shared by several different immune cell types. Here, we show that inhibition of increased IDO activity maybe involved in the antiparasitic mechanism during Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in vivo. In this study, we investigated the role of IDO by using IDO-gene-deficient (IDO KO) mice and by administering a competitive enzyme inhibitor, 1-methyl-D,L-tryptophan (1MT), to wild-type mice following T. gondii infection. Although depletion of lung l-tryptophan did not occur in IDO KO mice after T. gondii infection, the increased mRNA expression of T. gondii surface antigen gene 2 (SAG2) and the inflammatory cytokines in the lung were drastically reduced in the IDO KO mice following infection. We also found that complete depletion of lung l-tryptophan was observed in wild-type mice after infection, but not in mice treated with 1MT. At the same time, 1MT suppressed the increased mRNA expression of SAG2. Taken together, we observed that the inflammatory damage was significantly decreased by the administration of 1MT in the lung after infection. Inhibition of the IDO activity or the elimination of IDO's substrate may be an effective therapy against microbial diseases.
journal_name
Cytokinejournal_title
Cytokineauthors
Murakami Y,Hoshi M,Hara A,Takemura M,Arioka Y,Yamamoto Y,Matsunami H,Funato T,Seishima M,Saito Kdoi
10.1016/j.cyto.2012.04.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
245-51issue
2eissn
1043-4666issn
1096-0023pii
S1043-4666(12)00152-4journal_volume
59pub_type
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