Accurately estimating neuronal correlation requires a new spike-sorting paradigm.

abstract：:RNA transcription in Euglena gracilis chloroplasts has been characterized by hybridization of RNA from cells at different stages of chloroplast development to (3)H-labeled chloroplast DNA restriction endonuclease fragments. Chloroplast DNA was digested into five fragments of 53,000, 35,000, 25,000, 10,000, and 6900 ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chelm BK,Hallick RB,Gray PW

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tolerance and resistance provide hosts with two distinct defense strategies against parasitism. In resistance the hosts "fight" the parasite directly, whereas in tolerance the hosts fight the disease by ameliorating the damage that infection causes. There is increasing recognition that the two mechanisms may exhibit v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Best A,White A,Boots M

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolutionary process that occurs when a species colonizes a new environment provides an opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying genetic adaptation, which is essential knowledge for understanding evolution and the maintenance of biodiversity. Atlantic herring has an estimated total breeding stock of about ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hill J,Enbody ED,Pettersson ME,Sprehn CG,Bekkevold D,Folkvord A,Laikre L,Kleinau G,Scheerer P,Andersson L

更新日期：2019-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has implicated a large network of brain regions in the processing of risk during decision making. However, it has not yet been determined if activity in these regions is predictive of choices on future risky decisions. Here, we examined functional MRI data from a large sample of healthy subjects perf...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Helfinstein SM,Schonberg T,Congdon E,Karlsgodt KH,Mumford JA,Sabb FW,Cannon TD,London ED,Bilder RM,Poldrack RA

更新日期：2014-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) epsilon is a recently cloned member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors and is expressed exclusively in cells of hematopoietic origin. The human C/EBPepsilon gene is transcribed by two alternative promoters, Palpha and Pbeta. A combination of differential splicing and al...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamanaka R,Kim GD,Radomska HS,Lekstrom-Himes J,Smith LT,Antonson P,Tenen DG,Xanthopoulos KG

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter is regulated by steroid hormones through a hormone-responsive region that is organized in a positioned nucleosome. Hormone induction leads to a structural change of this nucleosome which makes its DNA more sensitive to cleavage by DNase I and enables simultaneous binding o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bartsch J,Truss M,Bode J,Beato M

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator protein, Tat, specifically stimulates transcription from the viral long terminal repeat. Tat binds to an RNA stem-loop structure encoded by the trans-activation response region (TAR). To test whether TAR is functional when displaced downstream of the star...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Churcher MJ,Lowe AD,Gait MJ,Karn J

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Smooth muscle cells use fibronectin to bind to type I and type III collagens but bind to type V collagen by a trypsin-resistant intrinsic glycoconjugate. The binding site on type V collagen is located in the alpha A chain. By using collagen-coated filters in a modified Boyden chamber assay for chemotaxis, it was obser...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grotendorst GR,Seppä HE,Kleinman HK,Martin GR

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heat-shock protein of 90 kDa (Hsp90) is an essential molecular chaperone that adopts different 3D structures associated with distinct nucleotide states: a wide-open, V-shaped dimer in the apo state and a twisted, N-terminally closed dimer with ATP. Although the N domain is known to mediate ATP binding, how Hsp90 sense...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sung N,Lee J,Kim JH,Chang C,Joachimiak A,Lee S,Tsai FT

更新日期：2016-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:L-Fucose and D-galactose in low concentrations (0.27 or 2.7 mM) inhibited the induction of active Na+ channels in mouse and human neuroblastoma cells when the monosaccharides were added to the culture medium for 4 days with the inducing agent dimethyl sulfoxide. Active Na+ ionophores were determined by measurement of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giovanni MY,Kessel D,Glick MC

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vaccinia virus early transcription factor (VETF), a heterodimeric protein composed of 82- and 70-kDa subunits, interacts with viral early promoters at both a sequence-specific core region upstream and a sequence-independent region downstream of the RNA start site. To determine the VETF subunit-promoter interaction...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cassetti MA,Moss B

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Look-through mutagenesis (LTM) is a multidimensional mutagenesis method that simultaneously assesses and optimizes combinatorial mutations of selected amino acids. The process focuses on a precise distribution within one or more complementarity determining region (CDR) domains and explores the synergistic contribution...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rajpal A,Beyaz N,Haber L,Cappuccilli G,Yee H,Bhatt RR,Takeuchi T,Lerner RA,Crea R

更新日期：2005-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:CPEB, a cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein, plays an important role in translational control of maternal mRNAs in early animal development. During Xenopus oocyte maturation, CPEB undergoes a Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation that is required for proper entry into meios...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Setoyama D,Yamashita M,Sagata N

更新日期：2007-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired social interactions and communication. The pathogenesis of ASD is not known, but it involves activation of microglia. We had shown that the peptide neurotensin (NT) is increased in the serum of children with ASD and stimulates cultured adult human microglia t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsilioni I,Pantazopoulos H,Conti P,Leeman SE,Theoharides TC

更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe two Drosophila melanogaster transcription units that are highly homologous to a rat Na+-channel cDNA. They appear to encode the major subunits of two distinct Na+-channel proteins. One of these maps to the second chromosome and is identical to a Na+-channel gene whose partial sequence has been previously r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramaswami M,Tanouye MA

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomic RNA of the avian influenza A virus, fowl plague, was fractionated into eight species by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide-agarose gels containing 6 M urea. The separated 32P-labeled RNA species were characterized by digestion with RNase T1 and fractionation of the resulting oligonucleotides by two-dimensio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McGeoch D,Fellner P,Newton C

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared folding properties of designed protein Top7 and natural protein S6 by using coarse-grained chain models with a mainly native-centric construct that accounted also for nonnative hydrophobic interactions and desolvation barriers. Top7 and S6 have similar secondary structure elements and are approximately equ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Z,Chan HS

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether electromagnetic precursors to earthquakes (EQs) exist is an important question not only for EQ prediction but also for understanding the physical processes of EQ generation. Slow transient geoelectric potential changes have been observed before several recent EQs in Japan. In most cases, they appeared 1-19 day...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Uyeda S,Nagao T,Orihara Y,Yamaguchi T,Takahashi I

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Partial amino acid sequence of the Ia molecule encoded by the I-E or I-C (I-EC) subregion of the major histocompatibility complex of the mouse are presented. The Ia molecule appears to be comprised of two noncovalently associated polypeptides. The larger subunit, alpha, has an approximate molecular weight of 35,000 an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McMillan M,Cecka JM,Murphy DB,McDevitt HO,Hood L

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depending on the cellular context, BCL2-like proteins promote mitochondrial fusion or fission. What determines which of these two opposing processes they promote has so far been unknown. Furthermore, the mechanisms through which BCL2-like proteins affect mitochondrial dynamics remain to be fully understood. The BCL2-l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Y,Rolland SG,Conradt B

更新日期：2011-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the left and right human cerebral hemispheres differ both functionally and anatomically, little is known about the environmental or genetic factors that govern central nervous system asymmetry. Nevertheless, cerebral asymmetry is strongly correlated with handedness, and handedness does have a significant gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geschwind DH,Miller BL,DeCarli C,Carmelli D

更新日期：2002-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The observation that the age-specific incidence curve of many carcinomas is approximately linear on a double logarithmic plot has led to much speculation regarding the number and nature of the critical events involved in carcinogenesis. By a consideration of colorectal and pancreatic cancers in the Surveillance Epidem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meza R,Jeon J,Moolgavkar SH,Luebeck EG

更新日期：2008-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimentally, protein engineering and phi-value analysis is the method of choice to characterize the structure in folding transition state ensemble (TSE) of any protein. Combining experimental phi values and computer simulations has led to a deeper understanding of how proteins fold. In this report, we construct the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Shakhnovich EI

更新日期：2001-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown that hemophilia B (Christmas disease; factor IX deficiency) results from many different mutations in the factor IX gene, of which greater than 95% are single nucleotide substitutions. This study has identified a previously unreported form of hemophilia B in a patient who was a somatic mosaic for a g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taylor SA,Deugau KV,Lillicrap DP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A family of nanoscale-sized supramolecular cage compounds with a polyhedral framework is prepared by self-assembly from tritopic building blocks and rectangular corner units via noncovalent coordination interactions. These highly symmetrical cage compounds are described as face-directed, self-assembled truncated tetra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leininger S,Fan J,Schmitz M,Stang PJ

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental and computational simulations revealed that boron clusters, which favor planar (2D) structures up to 18 atoms, prefer 3D structures beginning at 20 atoms. Using global optimization methods, we found that the B20 neutral cluster has a double-ring tubular structure with a diameter of 5.2 A. For the B(-)20 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiran B,Bulusu S,Zhai HJ,Yoo S,Zeng XC,Wang LS

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause familial ALS. Mutant SOD1 preferentially associates with the cytoplasmic face of mitochondria from spinal cords of rats and mice expressing SOD1 mutations. Two-dimensional gels and multidimensional liquid chromatography, in combination with tandem mass spectrometry, rev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Q,Vande Velde C,Israelson A,Xie J,Bailey AO,Dong MQ,Chun SJ,Roy T,Winer L,Yates JR,Capaldi RA,Cleveland DW,Miller TM

更新日期：2010-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of lasers approaching trapped ion clock transitions in sharpness we propose to replace the 12.49 m laser field exciting the D3/2-D5/2 transition of the single Ba+ ion A in D3/2 with the near-field of a close by identical ion B in the excited D5/2 state. We tune the frequency of the near-field by the dif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dehmelt H,Zhao X,Yu N,Nagourney W

更新日期：1996-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Establishing a timeline for the evolution of novelties is a common, unifying goal at the intersection of evolutionary and developmental biology. Analyses of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) provide the ability to understand the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms responsible for the origin of morphological ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson JR,Erkenbrack EM,Hinman VF,McCauley BS,Petsios E,Bottjer DJ

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary cultures of differentiated liver cells from fetal rats respond to serum from partially hepatectomized rats by an increased uptake of [(3)H]thymidine and [(3)H]leucine as compared with cultures incubated with normal rat serum. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of induction of DNA synthes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paul D,Leffert H,Sato G,Holley RW

更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00