Abstract：
:In prosecution, Belgian judiciary currently uses outdated yield figures (28.1g per plant, sold at € 3/g at grower level) for fining illicit indoor cannabis plantations. Using state-of-the-art cultivation techniques, our growth experiments showed that yield is better expressed in g/m(2) cultivated surface area rather than in g per plant, and that yield varies significantly between different cannabis strains. It was found that the lower-bound of the one-sided 95% confidence interval of the yield of an indoor cannabis plantation can be set at 575 g/m(2). Prices and pricing mechanisms were investigated using interviews with respondents selected through snowball sampling. Results reveal that (i) the Belgian cannabis market chain is highly complex; (ii) unit prices are predominantly determined by transaction sizes; but also (iii) a set of product- and socially-related price-fixing mechanisms have an equally important role. At grower level, respondents reported prices for 1 g of dry cannabis buds to range € 3.00-4.25.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Vanhove W,Surmont T,Van Damme P,De Ruyver Bdoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.03.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-10 00:00:00pages
265-70issue
1-3eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(12)00137-5journal_volume
220pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the case of suicidal drowning forensic examination is difficult, particularly with regard to differentiating between suicide, accident, homicide and natural death. Bondage and weighting with objects, putrescence and attendant lesions aggravate interpretation and investigation of postmortal forensic findings. In thi...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.022
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The abuse or misuse of forged erectile-dysfunction drugs, containing phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (e.g. sildenafil), is a serious issue globally. Therefore, the detection of sildenafil and related active analogues in counterfeit pharmaceuticals or the differentiation between counterfeit and authentic drugs has ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.016
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amplification of the STR DYS391, using the primers described in the Genome Data Base (GDB: G00-365-251), shows not only an additional band to the Y-specific one in males with a size range of 26 bp less than those of DYS391 locus alleles, but also a polymorphic pattern in females in the same size range as the addit...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00171-7
更新日期：2000-07-24 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last two years, an epidemic of fatal narcotic overdose cases has occurred in the Tampa area of Florida. Fourteen of these deaths involved fentanyl and/or the new designer drug, acetyl fentanyl. Victim demographics, case histories, toxicology findings and causes and manners of death, as well as, disposition of f...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.10.021
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cases where fire debris contains soil, microorganisms can rapidly and irreversibly alter the chemical composition of any ignitable liquid residue that may be present. In this study, differences in microbial degradation due to the season in which the sample is collected was examined. Soil samples were collected from...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.03.013
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forensic investigators commonly interpret bone fracture patterns to estimate the force required to generate that trauma. Unfortunately, these estimates are limited to qualitative values such as "mild", "moderate" or "extreme" force. This work presents a new experimental forensic device developed to simulate blunt- and...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110123
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of cannabis has gained new importance worldwide, mainly for quality control within the legalized recreational and medical cannabis industry, but also for forensic differentiation between drug-type cannabis and legal products such as fiber hemp and CBD-rich/THC-poor cannabis. We herein present an HPLC-DAD meth...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.03.046
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Writer characterization from images of handwriting has remained an important research problem in the handwriting recognition community that finds applications in forensics, paleography and neuropsychology. This paper presents a study to evaluate the effectiveness of an implicit shape codebook technique to recognize wr...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.05.014
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When tried in court, mothers accused of neonaticide may claim that the umbilical cord just broke during birth and the newborn child bled to death accordingly. To evaluate the possibility of a breakage of the umbilical cord is the goal of this work. Therefore 25 umbilical cords from neonates of both sexes born at term ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.12.002
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characterization of DNA that remains in seafood products after skin, scales, and shells are removed is widely used in forensic species identification, however, ordinary methods may be prohibitively expensive or time-consuming if large sample series need to be discriminated. Forensic discrimination of two species of bi...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.043
更新日期：2007-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Buprenorphine, commonly known by the trademark Temgesic, is one of the most popular drugs of abuse among the opioid-addicted young individuals in Iran. Temgesic, Bungesic, etc. are the most popular and important illicit opioid drugs in Tehran's illicit drugs black market, and are now among the most widely abused by op...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.06.016
更新日期：2007-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Population studies were carried out on the Y-specific short tandem repeat (STR) systems DYS19, DYS389I + II, DYS390 and DYS393 in a Western German population sample. Determination of the allele frequencies revealed for all these systems, unimodal distribution. The number of observed alleles varied: five for DYS19, six...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00029-8
更新日期：1999-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:We often refer to road fatalities without knowing exactly what injuries are responsible for them. Based on the Rhône Road Trauma Registry this paper sets out to describe the topography, nature and frequency of the fatal injuries sustained by car drivers. Mean annual mortality at the wheel of a car, computed by dividin...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.11.007
更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The mathematical modeling of the microbial ethanol production under strict anaerobic experimental conditions for some bacterial species has been proposed by our research group as the first approximation to the quantification of the microbial ethanol production in cases where other alcohols were produced simultaneously...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.07.021
更新日期：2013-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A pilot study has been performed to evaluate the usefulness of isolated viable rat cardiac myocytes in the evaluation of histochemical oxidoreductase methods for estimating cellular anoxic damage. Data are presented in support of the use of succinate dehydrogenase and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase for evaluating ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(80)90207-8
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haplotypes and allele frequencies for 12 Y-STR loci were determined in Sichuan Han ethnic population samples of 237 unrelated males living in west China. Only one haplotype was encountered in triple. Twelve of the haplotypes were encountered in duplicate, while 210 haplotypes were unique. The gene diversity was 0.9952...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.06.006
更新日期：2008-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was performed to acquire urine, serum and oral fluid samples in cases of suspected driving under the influence of drugs of abuse. Oral fluid was collected using a novel sampling/testing device (Dräger DrugTest System). The aim of the study was to evaluate oral fluid and urine as a predictor of blood samples po...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.08.002
更新日期：2005-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium oxybate (Xyrem®), the sodium salt of γ- hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), is a first-line treatment of the symptoms induced by type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) and it is highly effective in improving sleep architecture, decreasing excessive daytime sleepiness and the frequency of cataplexy attacks. Using an ultra-high-performa...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.01.015
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:INTRODUCTION/CONTEXT: Torture is widely practiced throughout the world and, yet, the ways by which torture is perpetrated, its regional similarities and differences, is not well understood. Our goal for this cases series was to elucidate the methods of torture practiced within different countries to both add...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.03.026
更新日期：2009-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：:For crime scene investigation in cases of homicide, the pattern of bloodstains at the incident site is of critical importance. The morphology of the bloodstain pattern serves to determine the approximate blood source locations, the minimum number of blows and the positioning of the victim. In the present work, the ben...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.06.010
更新日期：2011-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:On Sunday 28 April 1996 a lone gunman killed and injured many people at the historic penal settlement ruins at Port Arthur in South Eastern Tasmania, Australia. Thirty-two victims were shot dead and 19 were injured in a short time inside a cafe and along the roadway leading to the site entrance. The gunman then took o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00372-9
更新日期：2002-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In this follow-up study the collaboration between two research groups from the USA and the Netherlands was continued to expand the framework of chemical attribution for the homemade explosive erythritol tetranitrate (ETN). Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) analysis was performed to predict possible links between ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110344
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A partial DNA sequence of cytochrome b gene was used to identify the remains of endangered animals and species endemic to Taiwan. The conservation of animals species included in this study were: the formosan gem-faced civets, leopard cats, tigers, clouded leopards, lion, formosan muntjacs, formosan sika deers, formosa...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00403-0
更新日期：2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:An accurate and rapid screening test for nine quaternary ammonium compounds (suxamethonium chloride, pancuronium bromide, ambenonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, distigmine bromide, methylbenactyzium bromide, neostigmine bromide, propantheline bromide and pyridostigmine bromide) by direct inlet electron impact ion...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(91)90213-3
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When inspecting the scene the circumstances under which a body is found and the findings on the body surface may give first clues to premortal drug abuse. Besides fresh and/or old injection marks tattoos, underweight and signs of physical neglect, especially after long-term abuse, are mentioned in literature. The inci...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00587-4
更新日期：2001-12-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The discrimination of sex is central to the process of establishing a personal identification from human skeletal remains. Previous study has demonstrated that osteometric analysis of the sternal extremity of the fourth rib provides a reasonably accurate method for assessing this biological attribute in diverse human ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.09.007
更新日期：2012-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In the early eighties, in response to increasing self-poisoning incidents by pharmaceuticals in Singapore, a comprehensive wide-sweep screen for these drugs in clinical gastric aspirates was devised and implemented by us. The toxicological screen which involved quadruplicate extractions, two in acidic conditions and t...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(92)90158-s
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper introduces a set of methods for image and video forensic analysis. They were designed to help to assess image and video credibility and origin and to restore and increase image quality by diminishing unwanted blur, noise, and other possible artifacts. The motivation came from the best practices used in the ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.04.027
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Missing, ineligible or delayed reference data to establish conventional dental or DNA identification are common scenarios in forensic practice. Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore new avenues that facilitate human identification. Due to the recent remarkable evolution in the prosthetic dental restorations based on ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109926
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of average curvature measurements for the forensic comparison of curly hairs has been reported, but a method, in which various types of hair form are quantitatively examined and objectively interpreted for hair comparison, has not been reported to date. In the present study, numerical data on hair form from Ja...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00450-4
更新日期：2003-01-28 00:00:00
