Structural diversity in social contagion.

abstract：:We show that the stimulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) brought about by tumor necrosis factor alpha and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate can be inhibited by adding N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). NAC, which replenishes intracellular glutathione, effectively inhibits the tumor necrosis factor alpha- or phorbol es...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roederer M,Staal FJ,Raju PA,Ela SW,Herzenberg LA,Herzenberg LA

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an in situ hybridization assay capable of detecting enteroviral RNA in myocardial cells, using molecularly cloned coxsackievirus B3 cDNA as a diagnostic probe. Because of the high degree of nucleic acid sequence homology among the numerous enteroviral serotypes, including the group A and B coxsackiev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kandolf R,Ameis D,Kirschner P,Canu A,Hofschneider PH

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is expected to cause shifts in the composition of tropical montane forests towards increased relative abundances of species whose ranges were previously centered at lower, hotter elevations. To investigate this process of "thermophilization," we analyzed patterns of compositional change over the last de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duque A,Stevenson PR,Feeley KJ

更新日期：2015-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The defining feature of the mycobacterial outer membrane (OM) is the presence of mycolic acids (MAs), which, in part, render the bilayer extremely hydrophobic and impermeable to external insults, including many antibiotics. Although the biosynthetic pathway of MAs is well studied, the mechanism(s) by which these lipid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Z,Meshcheryakov VA,Poce G,Chng SS

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Calmodulin (CaM) is a second messenger protein that has evolved to bind tightly to a variety of targets and, as such, exhibits low binding specificity. We redesigned CaM by using a computational protein design algorithm to improve its binding specificity for one of its targets, smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shifman JM,Mayo SL

更新日期：2003-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of DNA toroids made of individual DNA molecules of various lengths (3,000 to 55,000 bp) was studied, by using partially filled bacteriophage capsids in conjunction with cryoelectron microscopy. The tetravalent cation spermine was diffused through the capsid to condense the DNA under conditions that were ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leforestier A,Livolant F

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the basal ganglia, acetylcholine and dopamine play a central role in the extrapyramidal control of motor function. The physiologic effects of these neurotransmitters are mediated by a diversity of receptor subtypes, several of which have now been cloned. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are encoded by five ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weiner DM,Levey AI,Brann MR

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To monitor inaccuracy in gene expression in living cells, we designed an experimental system in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis whereby spontaneous errors can be visualized and quantified at a single-cell level. Our strategy was to introduce mutations into a chromosomally encoded gfp allele, such that errors in protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyerovich M,Mamou G,Ben-Yehuda S

更新日期：2010-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Although peroxynitrite is harmful to the host, the beneficial effects of peroxynitrite are less well understood. We explored the role of peroxynitrite in the host immune response to Coxsackievirus infection. Peroxynitrite inhibits viral replication in vitro, in part by inhibiting viral RNA entry into the host cell. Ni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Padalko E,Ohnishi T,Matsushita K,Sun H,Fox-Talbot K,Bao C,Baldwin WM 3rd,Lowenstein CJ

更新日期：2004-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) is involved in physiological and pathological events including inflammation, cancer, AIDS, and cardiac hypertrophy. The balance between its active and inactive form is tightly controlled to ensure cellular integrity. We report that the transcriptional repressor C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cherrier T,Le Douce V,Eilebrecht S,Riclet R,Marban C,Dequiedt F,Goumon Y,Paillart JC,Mericskay M,Parlakian A,Bausero P,Abbas W,Herbein G,Kurdistani SK,Grana X,Van Driessche B,Schwartz C,Candolfi E,Benecke AG,Van Lin

更新日期：2013-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The olivo-cerebellar network is a key neuronal circuit that provides high-level motor control in the vertebrate CNS. Functionally, its network dynamics is organized around the oscillatory membrane potential properties of inferior olive (IO) neurons and their electrotonic connectivity. Because IO action potentials are ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kazantsev VB,Nekorkin VI,Makarenko VI,Llinás R

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Compartmentalization of biomolecules within lipid membranes is a fundamental requirement of living systems and an essential feature of many pharmaceutical therapies. However, applications of membrane-enclosed solutions of proteins, DNA, and other biologically active compounds have been limited by the difficulty of for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stachowiak JC,Richmond DL,Li TH,Liu AP,Parekh SH,Fletcher DA

更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to assess possible adverse effects of transgene expression in leaves of field-grown barley relative to the influence of genetic background and the effect of plant interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conducted transcript profiling, metabolome profiling, and metabolic finge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kogel KH,Voll LM,Schäfer P,Jansen C,Wu Y,Langen G,Imani J,Hofmann J,Schmiedl A,Sonnewald S,von Wettstein D,Cook RJ,Sonnewald U

更新日期：2010-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection by Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, is associated with hemolysis and therefore with release of hemoglobin from RBC. Under inflammatory conditions, cell-free hemoglobin can be oxidized, releasing its heme prosthetic groups and producing deleterious free heme. Here we demonstrate that survival of a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seixas E,Gozzelino R,Chora A,Ferreira A,Silva G,Larsen R,Rebelo S,Penido C,Smith NR,Coutinho A,Soares MP

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological diversity reflects an underlying molecular diversity. The molecules found in nature may be regarded as solutions to challenges that have been confronted and overcome during molecular evolution. As our understanding of these solutions deepens, the efficiency with which we can discover and/or design new treat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caporale LH

更新日期：1995-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:PTP1C, a protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.48) containing two src homology 2 domains, is poorly active when assayed with various protein substrates in vitro. Its activity is stimulated > 1000-fold by anionic phospholipids when myelin basic protein or mitogen-activated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao Z,Shen SH,Fischer EH

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RecQ helicases are a widely conserved family of ATP-dependent motors with diverse roles in nearly every aspect of bacterial and eukaryotic genome maintenance. However, the physical mechanisms by which RecQ helicases recognize and process specific DNA replication and repair intermediates are largely unknown. Here, we s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pike AC,Gomathinayagam S,Swuec P,Berti M,Zhang Y,Schnecke C,Marino F,von Delft F,Renault L,Costa A,Gileadi O,Vindigni A

更新日期：2015-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological significance of multiple G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes, such as the beta-adrenergic receptors (beta ARs), remains obscure, since in many cases several subtypes activate the same effector and utilize the same physiological agonists. We inspected the deduced amino acid sequences of the beta AR su...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liggett SB,Freedman NJ,Schwinn DA,Lefkowitz RJ

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Miraculin (MCL) is a homodimeric protein isolated from the red berries of Richadella dulcifica. MCL, although flat in taste at neutral pH, has taste-modifying activity to convert sour stimuli to sweetness. Once MCL is held on the tongue, strong sweetness is sensed over 1 h each time we taste a sour solution. Neverthel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koizumi A,Tsuchiya A,Nakajima K,Ito K,Terada T,Shimizu-Ibuka A,Briand L,Asakura T,Misaka T,Abe K

更新日期：2011-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the catalytic mechanism of the recently discovered ThyX family of flavin-dependent thymidylate synthases that are required for thymidylate (deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) synthesis in a large number of microbial species. Using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical measureme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leduc D,Graziani S,Lipowski G,Marchand C,Le Maréchal P,Liebl U,Myllykallio H

更新日期：2004-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 is the preferred substrate of the oligosaccharyltransferase of N-linked glycosylation of proteins, but nonglucosylated oligosaccharides can be transferred to proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutations affecting the addition of the three terminal glucose residues lead to accumulation of Man9GlcNAc2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stagljar I,te Heesen S,Aebi M

更新日期：1994-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Early abstract reasoning has typically been characterized by a "relational shift," in which children initially focus on object features but increasingly come to interpret similarity in terms of structured relations. An alternative possibility is that this shift reflects a learned bias, rather than a typical waypoint a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carstensen A,Zhang J,Heyman GD,Fu G,Lee K,Walker CM

更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions in the striatum play an essential role in motor- and reward-related behaviors. Dysfunction of these neurotransmitter systems has been found in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) negatively regulates postsynaptic sig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chergui K,Svenningsson P,Greengard P

更新日期：2004-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Urodeles and fetal mammals are capable of impressive epimorphic regeneration in a variety of tissues, whereas the typical default response to injury in adult mammals consists of inflammation and scar tissue formation. One component of epimorphic regeneration is the recruitment of resident progenitor and stem cells to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agrawal V,Johnson SA,Reing J,Zhang L,Tottey S,Wang G,Hirschi KK,Braunhut S,Gudas LJ,Badylak SF

更新日期：2010-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression and integration of membrane proteins into vesicle membranes is a critical step in the design of cell-mimetic biosensors, bioreactors, and artificial cells. While membrane proteins have been integrated into a variety of nonnatural membranes, the effects of the chemical and physical properties of these ve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jacobs ML,Boyd MA,Kamat NP

更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed germination is a complex trait of key ecological and agronomic significance. Few genetic factors regulating germination have been identified, and the means by which their concerted action controls this developmental process remains largely unknown. Using publicly available gene expression data from Arabidopsis th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bassel GW,Lan H,Glaab E,Gibbs DJ,Gerjets T,Krasnogor N,Bonner AJ,Holdsworth MJ,Provart NJ

更新日期：2011-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) is a replication-competent retrovirus that induces a rapidly fetal leukemia in susceptible mice (stage I disease). Leukemia cells obtained from these animals do not grow in cell culture using standard tissue culture conditions. However, in the presence of WEHI-3 cell-conditioned m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oliff A,Oliff I,Schmidt B,Famulari N

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstitial telomeric sequences (ITSs) are present in many eukaryotic genomes and are linked to genome instabilities and disease in humans. The mechanisms responsible for ITS-mediated genome instability are not understood in molecular detail. Here, we use a model Saccharomyces cerevisiae system to characterize genome...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aksenova AY,Greenwell PW,Dominska M,Shishkin AA,Kim JC,Petes TD,Mirkin SM

更新日期：2013-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-specific activation of the transcription factor sigma F during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is controlled by a regulatory pathway involving the proteins SpoIIE, SpoIIAA, and SpoIIAB. SpoIIAB is an antagonist of sigma F, and SpoIIAA, which is capable of overcoming SpoIIAB-mediated inhibition of sigma F, is an ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arigoni F,Duncan L,Alper S,Losick R,Stragier P

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomic concentrations of certain middle repetitive DNA sequences vary considerably among closely related species of Drosophila. In fact, the chromosomes of D. melanogaster appear to carry approximately 3 times as much middle repetitive DNA as those of the sibling species D. simulans. Although most of the middle r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dowsett AP,Young MW

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00