Abstract：
AIM:To describe the time to clinical events (death, disability, cognitive impairment and depression) in Parkinson's disease using the time course of disease status and treatment as explanatory variables. METHODS:Disease status based on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the time to clinical outcome events were obtained from 800 patients who initially had early Parkinson's disease. Parametric hazard models were used to describe the time to the events of interest. RESULTS:Time course of disease status (severity) was an important predictor of clinical outcome events. There was an increased hazard ratio for death 1.4 (95% CI 1.31, 149), disability 2.75 (95% CI 2.30, 3.28), cognitive impairment 4.35 (95% CI 1.94, 9.74), and depressive state 1.43 (95% CI 1.26, 1.63) with each 10 unit increase of UPDRS. Age at study entry increased the hazard with hazard ratios of 49.1 (95% CI 8.7, 278) for death, 4.76 (95% CI 1.10, 20.6) for disability and 90.0 (95% CI 63.3-128) for cognitive impairment at age 60 years. Selegiline treatment had independent effects as a predictor of death at 8 year follow-up with a hazard ratio of 2.54 (95% CI 1.51, 4.25) but had beneficial effects on disability with a hazard ratio of 0.363 (95% CI 0.132, 0.533) and depression with a hazard ratio of 0.372 (95% CI 0.12, 0.552). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings show that the time course of disease status based on UPDRS is a much better predictor of future clinical events than any baseline disease characteristic. Continued selegiline treatment appears to increase the hazard of death.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Vu TC,Nutt JG,Holford NHdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04208.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
284-95issue
2eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1. The pharmacokinetics of MTX and its 7-hydroxy metabolite (7-OHMTX) were investigated in nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Each patient received 15 mg MTX i.v., i.m. and p.o. after an overnight fast in a randomized cross-over design. The plasma concentrations of MTX and 7-OHMTX were measured over 7 days ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb04158.x
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, GR 38032F, which possesses potent anti-emetic properties in vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, has been tested to determine its value in the prophylaxis of motion sickness induced by cross-coupled stimulation. The double-blind trial compared GR 38...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05345.x
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) is a relatively new discipline within modelling and simulation that has gained wide attention over the past few years. The application of QSP models spans drug-target identification and validation, through all drug development phases as well as clinical applications. Due to thei...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.14451
更新日期：2020-07-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double-blind crossover trial, the effect of 4 week daily ingestion of eight cups of regular coffee (corresponding to 504 mg caffeine) vs eight cups of decaffeinated coffee was studied. Blood pressure, heart rate and urinary catecholamines were measured in eight healthy, young volunteers. In both groups, regular c...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01553.x
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To compare the disposition of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine enantiomers in the mother, foetus and infant. METHODS:Blood from pregnant women taking fluoxetine (n = 9), during pregnancy was sampled in the third trimester and at delivery (maternal and cord venous blood), and from the infants 48 h after delivery. The ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02538.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Propylene glycol (PG) is often applied as an excipient in drug formulations. As these formulations may also be used in neonates, the aim of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of propylene glycol, co-administered intravenously with paracetamol (800 mg PG/1000 mg paracetamol) or phenobarbital (700 mg...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04312.x
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The effects of the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazoxiben (UK 37248) on haemodynamics, blood gases, thromboxane and prostacyclin release and on arrhythmias were examined in anaesthetised greyhounds subject to acute coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. 2 Ten minutes after the administration of UK 37248 2 mg...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02115.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aims of the study were to determine the effect of advice from the Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) on the use of medicines within Scotland's National Health Service (NHS) and generate hypotheses that may explain differences in the impact of advice on the use of individual medicines. METHODS:A retrospective...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03826.x
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Widespread use of cocaine and its attendant toxicity has produced a wealth of benchwork studies and small animal investigations that evaluated the effects of cocaine on the cardiovascular system. Despite this wealth of knowledge, very little is known about the frequency or types of arrhythmias in patients with signifi...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03632.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Pharmacokinetics of small molecule kinase inhibitors (KIs) used in cancer treatment may alter with increasing age, but results are conflicting. This study aims to compare exposure to KIs between older and younger patients (≥70 and <70 years) in clinical practice. METHODS:KI plasma concentrations of routinely treat...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13725
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of the voltage dependent calcium channel blocking agent nifedipine, and of a calcium free bathing medium, on the responses of human blood vessels obtained postmortem to various agonists have been compared with those of the rat aorta. The human vessels studied were digital arteries, basilar arteries and ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb03856.x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Case reports and small case series suggest increased central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, especially convulsions, after overdose of mefenamic acid, compared with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), although comparative epidemiological studies have not been conducted. The current study compared r...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13169
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The absorption kinetics of orally administered strontium chloride and its reproducibility were investigated in healthy volunteers after administering strontium either under fasting conditions (study I, n = 8) or in combination with a standardized meal (study II, n = 8). Each subject received strontium orally at day...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.33411.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of this study was to perform an up-to-date meta-analysis on the risk of cardiac malformations associated with gestational exposure to paroxetine, taking into account indication, study design and reference category. METHOD:A systematic review of studies published between 1966 and November 2015 was conducte...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.12849
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Azole antifungal agents such as ketoconazole act by inhibiting cytochrome P-450 mediated sterol synthesis in the fungal cell membrane and thus have the potential to interfere with mammalian steroidogenesis. Fluconazole is a novel orally-effective antifungal triazole which has been reported to have more specific eff...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03449.x
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:This study aims to investigate the clinical and demographic factors influencing gentamicin pharmacokinetics in a large cohort of unselected premature and term newborns and to evaluate optimal regimens in this population. METHODS:All gentamicin concentration data, along with clinical and demographic characteristics...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12444
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten healthy normal volunteers received an intravenous infusion of erythromycin lactobionate over 60 min to a total dose of 800 mg (n = 9), and 524 mg (n = 1). Blood samples were collected at 10 min intervals for 100 min and gastric contents aspirated, via a nasogastric tube, from pre-dose to 105 min after start of inf...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05193.x
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Little is known about the effects of comorbidities and patient characteristics on treatment initiation of lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs), which can be helpful in the evaluation of the risks and benefits of LLDs. METHODS:Baseline characteristics among subjects who received their first ever-recorded LLD prescription i...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01724.x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A 1.25 mg dose of cilazapril, a new angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, was administered orally to two groups of hypertensive patients, five with normal renal function (NRF) and seven with impaired renal function (IRF), once daily for 5 or 8 consecutive days. Blood pressure, heart rate and serum ACE acti...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03493.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Topical growth factors accelerate wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Due to the absence of head-to-head comparisons, we carried out Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of growth factors. METHODS:Using an appropriate search strategy, randomized controlled trial...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1111/bcp.13470
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have utilised a new non-imaging echo-Doppler cardiac output device, using the principle of attenuated compensated volume flow (ACVF), to assess the cardiovascular effects of atenolol and buccal nitroglycerin (NTG) in a placebo-controlled study of 30 patients with coronary disease. 2. Atenolol (4 mg i.v.) reduced...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03696.x
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Self-poisoning by ingestion or inhalation is common, and it is important to study its various epidemiological manifestations with clear definitions. Data on fatal self-poisonings are recorded nationally within the UK and are codified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) revision relevant at ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01910.x
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Medication errors are common in general practice and in hospitals. Both errors in the act of writing (prescription errors) and prescribing faults due to erroneous medical decisions can result in harm to patients. 2. Any step in the prescribing process can generate errors. Slips, lapses, or mistakes are sources of e...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03425.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Previous pharmacokinetic characterization of a transporter probe cocktail containing digoxin (P-gp), furosemide (OAT1, OAT3), metformin (OCT2, MATE1, MATE2-K) and rosuvastatin (OATP1B1, OATP1B3, BCRP) in healthy subjects showed increases in rosuvastatin systemic exposure compared to rosuvastatin alone. In this tri...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bcp.13609
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro immunosuppressive effect of deflazacort, a new bone-sparing glucocorticoid, and its biologically active metabolite, 21-deacetyl-deflazacort, was examined on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) as well as on natural killer (NK) and killer (K) cell activity. Deflaza...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05165.x
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim was to describe the utilization of antidiabetic agents, in terms of persistence and regimen change, in the management of a cohort of newly treated type 2 diabetes patients and to investigate associated socio-demographic and treatment factors. METHODS:A population-based retrospective cohort study was condu...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12573
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of sodium octanoate and sodium salicylate on the rectal absorption of cefoxitin were investigated in healthy volunteers. Drug solutions were given either as a bolus or as a zero-order infusion. 2. On rectal infusion sodium octanoate and sodium salicylate both enhanced mean cefoxitin bioavailability (+/-...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05337.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. N-hydroxylation is thought to be an essential step in the haemotoxicity of dapsone (DDS). To investigate both metabolism-dependent and cell-selective drug toxicity in vitro we have developed a three-compartment system in which an hepatic drug metabolizing system is contained within a central compartment separated b...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05888.x
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Meals empty more slowly when they contain fat. 2. This study investigated whether an intragastric fat preload in comparison with a water preload affected gastric emptying of a semisolid meal and antral motor activity, and whether cisapride reversed such effects. 3. Twelve healthy subjects were studied under three c...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb05449.x
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aromatic 2-hydroxylation of imipramine was studied in microsomes from three human livers. The kinetics were best described by a biphasic enzyme model. The estimated values of Vmax and Km for the high affinity site ranged from 3.2 to 5.7 nmol mg-1 h-1 and from 25 to 31 microM, respectively. 2. Quinidine was a po...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04133.x
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
