Energy cost and body centre of mass' 3D intracycle velocity variation in swimming.

Abstract:

:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the energy cost (C) and the 3D intracycle velocity variation (IVV; swimming direction--x, vertical--y and lateral--z axes) throughout the 200 m front crawl event. Ten international level swimmers performed a maximal 200 m front crawl swim followed by 50, 100 and 150 m bouts at the same pace as in the 200 m splits. Oxygen consumption was measured during the bouts and blood samples were collected before and after each one. The C was calculated for each 50 m lap as the ratio of the total energy expenditure (three energy pathways) to the distance. A respiratory snorkel and valve system with low hydrodynamic resistance was used to measure pulmonary ventilation and to collect breathing air samples. Two above water and four underwater cameras videotaped the swim bouts and thereafter APAS was used to assess the centre of mass IVV (x, y and z components). The increase in the C was significantly associated with the increase in the IVV in x for the first 50 m lap (R = -0.83, P < 0.01). It is concluded that the IVV relationship with C in a competitive event does not present the direct relationship found in the literature, revealing a great specificity, which suggests that the relation between these two parameters could not be used as a performance predictor in competitive events.

journal_name

Eur J Appl Physiol

authors

Figueiredo P,Barbosa TM,Vilas-Boas JP,Fernandes RJ

doi

10.1007/s00421-011-2284-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-09-01 00:00:00

pages

3319-26

issue

9

eissn

1439-6319

issn

1439-6327

journal_volume

112

pub_type

临床试验,杂志文章
  • Consistency of perceptual and metabolic responses to a laboratory-based simulated 4,000-m cycling time trial.

    abstract::Although pacing-related research is widely reported, no studies have described the consistency of pacing strategies or their associated energetic contributions. This study aimed to investigate the consistency of pacing and energetic outlay by establishing the typical within and between trial variations during simulate...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1818-7

    authors: Stone MR,Thomas K,Wilkinson M,St Clair Gibson A,Thompson KG

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of repeated bouts of eccentric exercise on myogenic gene expression.

    abstract::Evidence indicates that repeated-bouts of eccentric exercise (EE) do not exacerbate the extent of muscle damage indices, as compared to a single-bout. We hypothesized that molecular adaptations, under repeated-bouts of EE, would include suppression of muscle repair inhibitory factors such as myostatin and up-regulatio...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0510-z

    authors: Costa A,Dalloul H,Hegyesi H,Apor P,Csende Z,Racz L,Vaczi M,Tihanyi J

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of successive air and nitrox dives on human vascular function.

    abstract::SCUBA diving is regularly associated with asymptomatic changes in cardiac, pulmonary and vascular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in vascular/endothelial function following SCUBA diving and to assess the potential difference between two breathing gases: air and nitrox 36 (36% oxygen and 64%...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2187-6

    authors: Marinovic J,Ljubkovic M,Breskovic T,Gunjaca G,Obad A,Modun D,Bilopavlovic N,Tsikas D,Dujic Z

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • High oxygen extraction and slow recovery of muscle deoxygenation kinetics after neuromuscular electrical stimulation in COPD patients.

    abstract:PURPOSE:It was hypothesized that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) would exhibit a slow muscle deoxygenation (HHb) recovery time when compared with sedentary controls. METHODS:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES 40 and 50 mA, 50 Hz, 400 µs) was employed to induce isometric contraction o...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3442-7

    authors: Azevedo Dde P,Medeiros WM,de Freitas FF,Ferreira Amorim C,Gimenes AC,Neder JA,Chiavegato LD

    更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00

  • Autonomic modulation following an acute bout of bench press with and without blood flow restriction.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Traditional resistance exercise decreases vagal tone up to 30 min after an acute bout of resistance exercise, which may increase the risk of cardiovascular events. However, the effects of resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) on autonomic modulation are unclear. To evaluate autonomic modulation ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04201-x

    authors: Tai YL,Marshall EM,Glasgow A,Parks JC,Sensibello L,Kingsley JD

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Recent developments in understanding the length dependence of contractile response of skeletal muscle.

    abstract::Maximal active force of skeletal muscle contraction occurs at a sarcomere length where overlap of thick and thin filaments is optimal. However, the interaction of muscle length and active force is complicated. Active force, is the force generated by energy-requiring processes. To calculate active force, passive force ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3591-3

    authors: MacIntosh BR

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • Bioenergetics and biomechanics of cycling: the role of 'internal work'.

    abstract::The 'dissection' of energy expenditure of cycling into the metabolic equivalent of the different forms of mechanical work done, inaugurated 30 years ago by di Prampero and collaborators, has been much debated in the last few decades. The mechanical internal work, particularly, which is currently associated to the move...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1434-6

    authors: Minetti AE

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Synchronous whole-body vibration increases VO₂ during and following acute exercise.

    abstract::Single bout whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has been shown to produce small but significant increases in oxygen consumption (VO(2)). How much more a complete whole-body exercise session (multiple dynamic exercises targeting both upper and lower body muscles) can increase VO(2) is unknown. The purpose of this study...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1984-2

    authors: Hazell TJ,Lemon PW

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00

  • Dietary nitrate reduces the O2 cost of desert marching but elevates the rise in core temperature.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation reduces the O2 cost of fixed-workload tasks performed in temperate environments but has not been examined in the heat. If this effect were retained it could reduce heatstroke risk in military personnel that are deployed for desert combat. METHODS:Nine men completed thr...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3255-0

    authors: Kuennen M,Jansen L,Gillum T,Granados J,Castillo W,Nabiyar A,Christmas K

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Exercise training reduces cardiac angiotensin II levels and prevents cardiac dysfunction in a genetic model of sympathetic hyperactivity-induced heart failure in mice.

    abstract::The role of exercise training (ET) on cardiac renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was investigated in 3-5 month-old mice lacking alpha(2A-) and alpha(2C-)adrenoceptors (alpha(2A)/alpha(2C)ARKO) that present heart failure (HF) and wild type control (WT). ET consisted of 8-week running sessions of 60 min, 5 days/week. In add...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0967-4

    authors: Pereira MG,Ferreira JC,Bueno CR Jr,Mattos KC,Rosa KT,Irigoyen MC,Oliveira EM,Krieger JE,Brum PC

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • RPE-lactate dissociation during extended cycling.

    abstract::This study examined the association of blood lactate concentration [La] and heart rate (HR) with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during 60 min of steady workload cycling. Physically active college-aged subjects (n = 14) completed an exhaustive cycling test to determine VO(2) (peak) and lactate threshold (2.5 mmol ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1311-2

    authors: Green JM,McLester JR,Crews TR,Wickwire PJ,Pritchett RC,Redden A

    更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00

  • Sitting position affects performance in cross-country sit-skiing.

    abstract:PURPOSE:In cross-country sit-skiing (XCSS), athletes with reduced trunk control predominantly sit with the knees higher than the hips (KH); a position often associated with large spinal flexion. Therefore, to improve spinal curvature a new sledge with frontal trunk support, where knees are lower than hips (KL) was crea...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3596-y

    authors: Lund Ohlsson M,Laaksonen MS

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance.

    abstract::An objective of a warm-up prior to an athletic event is to optimize performance. Warm-ups are typically composed of a submaximal aerobic activity, stretching and a sport-specific activity. The stretching portion traditionally incorporated static stretching. However, there are a myriad of studies demonstrating static s...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1879-2

    authors: Behm DG,Chaouachi A

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Persistence of critical flicker fusion frequency impairment after a 33 mfw SCUBA dive: evidence of prolonged nitrogen narcosis?

    abstract::One of the possible risks incurred while diving is inert gas narcosis (IGN), yet its mechanism of action remains a matter of controversy. Although providing insights in the basic mechanisms of IGN, research has been primarily limited to animal studies. A human study, in real diving conditions, was needed. Twenty volun...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2391-z

    authors: Balestra C,Lafère P,Germonpré P

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • The impact of different cooling modalities on the physiological responses in firefighters during strenuous work performed in high environmental temperatures.

    abstract::This study investigated the impact of ice vests and hand/forearm immersion on accelerating the physiological recovery between two bouts of strenuous exercise in the heat [mean (SD), 49.1(1.3)°C, RH 12 (1)]. On four occasions, eight firefighters completed two 20-min bouts of treadmill walking (5 km h, 7.5% gradient) wh...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1714-1

    authors: Barr D,Reilly T,Gregson W

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Symptoms of anxiety and mood disturbance alter cardiac and peripheral autonomic control in patients with metabolic syndrome.

    abstract::Previous investigations show that metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) causes sympathetic hyperactivation. Symptoms of anxiety and mood disturbance (AMd) provoke sympatho-vagal imbalance. We hypothesized that AMd would alter even further the autonomic function in patients with MetSyn. Twenty-six never-treated patients with Met...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2476-8

    authors: Toschi-Dias E,Trombetta IC,da Silva VJ,Maki-Nunes C,Alves MJ,Angelo LF,Cepeda FX,Martinez DG,Negrão CE,Rondon MU

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of a soccer match on the cardiac autonomic control of referees.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a soccer match on the cardiac autonomic control of heart rate (HR) in soccer referees. Sixteen Spanish regional and third division referees (11 males: 26 ± 7 years, 74.4 ± 4.1 kg, 178 ± 3 cm, Yo-Yo IR1 ~600-1,560 m; 5 females: 22 ± 3 years, 59.3 ± 4.8 kg, 158 ± 8 c...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2202-y

    authors: Boullosa DA,Abreu L,Tuimil JL,Leicht AS

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of passive heating and head cooling on perception, cardiovascular function and cognitive performance in the heat.

    abstract::The present study examined the effects of raising both skin temperature and core temperature, separately and in combination, on perceptions of heat-related fatigue (alertness, contentment, calmness and thermal comfort), cardiovascular function and on objective measures of cognitive performance (reaction time and accur...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0677-y

    authors: Simmons SE,Saxby BK,McGlone FP,Jones DA

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • Human body surface area: measurement and prediction using three dimensional body scans.

    abstract::The development of three dimensional laser scanning technology and sophisticated graphics editing software have allowed an alternative and potentially more accurate determination of body surface area (BSA). Raw whole-body scans of 641 adults (395 men and 246 women) were obtained from the anthropometric data base of th...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210100484

    authors: Tikuisis P,Meunier P,Jubenville CE

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Characteristics of patients with a relatively greater minimum VE/VCO2 against peak VO2% and impaired exercise tolerance.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is used to evaluate functional capacity and assess prognosis in cardiac patients. Ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2) reflects ventilation-perfusion mismatch; the minimum VE/VCO2 value (minVE/VCO2) is representative of pulmonary arterial blood flow in individuals without pulm...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3884-1

    authors: Nakade T,Adachi H,Murata M,Oshima S

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Exercise intensity during an 8-day mountain bike marathon race.

    abstract::The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the exercise intensity of a mountain bike (MTB) marathon race lasting 8 days. Seven amateur MTBers (age 33.6 +/- 3.0 years, height 1.67 +/- 0.5 m, body mass 58.4 +/- 9.9 kg) completing the Transalp Challenge 2004 were involved in the study. Before the race subjects ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0855-y

    authors: Wirnitzer KC,Kornexl E

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in interstitial noradrenaline, trapezius muscle activity and oxygen saturation during low-load work and recovery.

    abstract::Both physical as well as mental demands result in an increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) with changes in blood-pressure and heart-rate. Through local release of catecholamines, e.g. noradrenaline (NAd) SNS exerts various actions at the muscle level. The aims of this study were to investigate the...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1095-5

    authors: Flodgren GM,Crenshaw AG,Gref M,Fahlström M

    更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00

  • Does summer in a humid continental climate elicit an acclimatization of human thermoregulatory responses?

    abstract::Many thermal physiologists follow the conventional wisdom that physiological heat adaptations occur in the summer for people living in a humid continental climate (e.g. Central Canada, North-eastern and Mid-western United States and Eastern Europe); therefore experimentation across seasons is often avoided. However, s...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1743-9

    authors: Bain AR,Jay O

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Muscle sympathetic nerve activity at rest compared to exercise tolerance.

    abstract::Cardiovascular autonomic function is associated with physical performance and exercise training adaptation. The association between physical performance and sympathetic regulation is not well known. We hypothesized that sympathetic nervous system activity is associated with physical performance among male runners. The...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0618-1

    authors: Hautala AJ,Kiviniemi AM,Mäkikallio TH,Tiinanen S,Seppänen T,Huikuri HV,Tulppo MP

    更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00

  • Restoration of vital activity of cooled animals without rewarming the body.

    abstract::The fatality of deep hypothermia in non-hibernating mammals follows the cessation of respiration and heart beat, and a massive influx of calcium (Ca(++)) into cells. This review presents evidence relating to restoration of key physiological functions during hypothermia in several animal preparations. For example, in a...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0875-7

    authors: Ivanov KP

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Saccadic reaction times during isometric voluntary contraction of the shoulder girdle elevators and vibration stimulation to the trapezius.

    abstract::We investigated the effect of increases in muscle afferent information from the shoulder girdle elevators on saccadic reaction time. Saccadic reaction time was measured under conditions of isometric voluntary contraction of the shoulder girdle elevators and vibratory stimulation of the trapezius. Saccadic reaction tim...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210100509

    authors: Fujiwara K,Kunita K,Toyama H,Miyaguchi A

    更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of caffeine ingestion on endurance performance in mentally fatigued individuals.

    abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the effects of caffeine ingestion on physiological and perceptual responses in mentally fatigued individuals. METHODS:Eight male physically active subjects completed four cycling constant-workload tests in four experimental conditions at 80 % of maximal power output: control (C), mental fatigue (MF)...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3483-y

    authors: Azevedo R,Silva-Cavalcante MD,Gualano B,Lima-Silva AE,Bertuzzi R

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Dose-related elevations in venous pH with citrate ingestion do not alter 40-km cycling time-trial performance.

    abstract::The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether sodium citrate enhances endurance cycling performance and, if so, what dosage(s) produces this effect. Eight trained [peak power output: 362 (48) W; power:weight: 5.1 (0.4) W x kg(-1), mean (SD)] male cyclists were requested to complete four, 40-km time...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210000264

    authors: Schabort EJ,Wilson G,Noakes TD

    更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00

  • Quantitative assessment of nitric oxide in rat skeletal muscle and plasma after exercise.

    abstract::Nitric oxide (NO), a short-lived vasoactive substance that has multiple physiological functions, is also involved in skeletal muscle physiology. This work examines the levels of nitrate (the metabolic end-product of NO) in muscle and plasma after different exercise protocols: namely acute, eccentric, cardiac stress an...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-002-0693-2

    authors: Perez AC,de Oliveira CC,Prieto JG,Ferrando A,Vila L,Alvarez AI

    更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00

  • Attenuation of indirect markers of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage by curcumin.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Polyphenolic curcumin is known to have potent anti-inflammatory effects; thus the present study investigated the hypothesis that curcumin ingestion would attenuate muscle damage after eccentric exercise. METHODS:Fourteen untrained young men (24 ± 1 years) performed 50 maximal isokinetic (120°/s) eccentric cont...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3170-4

    authors: Tanabe Y,Maeda S,Akazawa N,Zempo-Miyaki A,Choi Y,Ra SG,Imaizumi A,Otsuka Y,Nosaka K

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00