Pulmonary complications of endocrine and metabolic disorders.

Abstract:

:There are many important respiratory manifestations of endocrine and metabolic diseases in children. Acute and chronic pulmonary infections are the most common respiratory abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus, although cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema are also possible. Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 may be indistinguishable from cystic fibrosis (CF) unless serum aldosterone, plasma renin activity, and urinary electrolytes are measured and mutation analysis rules out CF. Hypo- and hyperthyroidism may alter lung function and affect the central respiratory drive. The thyroid hormone plays an essential role in lung development, surfactant synthesis, and lung defence. Complications of hypoparathyroidism are largely due to hypocalcaemia. Laryngospasm can lead to stridor and airway obstruction. Ovarian tumours, benign or malignant, may present with unilateral or bilateral pleural effusions. Metabolic storage disorders, primarily as a consequence of lysosomal dysfunction from enzymatic deficiencies, constitute a diverse group of rare conditions that can have profound effects on the respiratory system.

journal_name

Paediatr Respir Rev

authors

Milla CE,Zirbes J

doi

10.1016/j.prrv.2011.01.004

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-03-01 00:00:00

pages

23-8

issue

1

eissn

1526-0542

issn

1526-0550

pii

S1526-0542(11)00005-4

journal_volume

13

pub_type

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