Abstract:
:The United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) celebrated its 50th anniversary on July 1, 2011. This article reviews its history, evolution, and transition of its research programs as well as its scientific and military accomplishments, emphasizing the past 25 yr. During the 1990s, USARIEM published a series of pocket guides providing guidance for sustaining Warfighter health and performance in Southwest Asia, Somalia, the former Republic of Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Haiti. Issues identified during Operation Desert Storm elicited research that improved nutritional guidelines for protracted desert operations; safer use of nuclear, chemical, and biological protective clothing; equipment, development, and fielding of efficient microclimate cooling systems; and effective evaluation of pharmaceuticals to protect soldiers from chemical and biological threats. During the first decade of the 21st century, USARIEM and the Department of the Army published official medical/performance doctrines for operations in the heat and cold and at high altitude. The current Global War on Terrorism focused research to improve doctrines for hot, cold, and high-altitude operations, reduce musculoskeletal training injuries, provide improved field nutrition, more efficient planning for operational water requirements, and improve both military clothing and materiel. This article also describes the critically important interactions and communications between USARIEM and deployed units and the benefits to Warfighters from this association. This report presents USARIEM's unique and world-class facilities, organizational changes, scientific and support personnel, and major research accomplishments, including the publication of 2,200 scientific papers over the past 25 yr.
journal_name
Adv Physiol Educjournal_title
Advances in physiology educationauthors
Pandolf KB,Francesconi R,Sawka MN,Cymerman A,Hoyt RW,Young AJ,Zambraski EJdoi
10.1152/advan.00049.2011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
353-60issue
4eissn
1043-4046issn
1522-1229pii
35/4/353journal_volume
35pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章,评审abstract::This study is aimed at the implementation of a continuous assessment model in physiology for a large-enrollment classroom with 250 students. The readiness assurance process (RAP) and immediate feedback elements from team-based learning (TBL) methodology were adopted to test their ability to guide students to solve app...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00065.2020
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical education reform is underway, but the optimal course for change has yet to be seen. While planning for the redesign of a renal physiology course at the Duke School of Medicine, the authors used a Q-sort survey to assess students' attitudes and learning preferences to inform curricular change. The authors invit...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00028.2015
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, most undergraduate textbooks that cover the autonomic nervous system retain the concept that autonomic nerves release either acetylcholine or norepinephrine. However, in recent years, a large volume of research has superseded this concept with one in which autonomic nerves normally release at least one cotr...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00070.2010
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::February 11th is the International Day of Women and Girls in Science. To mark this day, research centers and universities were invited by the Spanish Neuroscience Association to organize a symposium. Twenty-five centers in Spain participated in the event, with the intent of giving visibility to the existing problem of...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00113.2018
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The monotony of conventional didactic lectures makes students less attentive toward learning, and they tend to memorize isolated facts without understanding, just for the sake of passing exams. Therefore, to promote a habit of gaining indepth knowledge of basic sciences in medical undergraduates along with honing of t...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00068.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple "stop think" approach was developed to encourage the self-assessment of learning. A key element was the requirement for students to rate their feeling of difficulty before [FOD(pre)] and after [FOD(post)] completing each of three authentic anatomy and physiology concept map exercises. The cohort was divided i...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00174.2016
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::"The viscosity of the blood in narrow capillary tubes" by Robin Fåhraeus and Torsten Lindqvist (Am J Physiol 96: 562-568, 1931) can be a valuable opportunity for teaching basic hemorheological principles in undergraduate cardiovascular physiology. This classic paper demonstrates that a progressive decline in apparent ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00009.2013
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Learning styles may be classified according to the sensory modality that one most prefers to use when internalizing information. The four major sensory modalities are visual, aural or auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preferred learning style, ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00048.2009
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::While there are several tools to study learning styles of students, the visual-aural-read/write-kinesthetic (VARK) questionnaire is a simple, freely available, easy to administer tool that encourages students to describe their behavior in a manner they can identify with and accept. The aim is to understand the preferr...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00024.2014
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Learning anatomy and physiology at university can be challenging, as students need to understand both the language of the discipline and complex topics, such as system integration. Yet learning strategies are rarely taught at university, making it difficult for students to adopt new strategies, if their approach to le...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00065.2019
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retrieval of information has substantially changed within the last two decades. Naturally, this has also affected learning/teaching techniques, and methods that are commonly referred to as "e-learning" have become an important part in modern education. Institutions have to decide if (and how) to implement this new for...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00158.2012
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chest X-ray is the most commonly performed medical imaging study; however, the lateral chest film intimidates many physicians and medical students. The lateral view is more difficult to interpret than the frontal view but provides important information that is either not visible or not as evident on frontal view, ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/advan.00034.2017
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the following multiple-choice question after a series of lectures in cardiovascular physiology in the first year of an undergraduate medical curriculum (n = 66) to assess whether students had understood the neural regulation of cardiovascular function. In health, neural cardiovascular mechanisms are geared tow...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/advan.00013.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Didactic lectures are prevalent in physiology courses within veterinary medicine programs, but more active learning methods have also been utilized. Our goal was to identify the most appropriate learning method to augment the lecture component of our physiology course. We hypothesized that case-based learning would be...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00084.2017
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The flipped classroom was utilized in a two-semester, high-content science course that enrolled between 50 and 80 students at a small liberal arts college. With the flipped model, students watched ~20-min lectures 2 days/wk outside of class. These videos were recorded via screen capture and included a detailed note ou...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00033.2016
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Process-oriented guided-inquiry learning (POGIL), a pedagogical technique initially developed for college chemistry courses, has been implemented for 2 yr in a freshman-level anatomy and physiology course at a small private college. The course is populated with students with backgrounds ranging from no previous colleg...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00055.2010
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ballistocardiography is an old, noninvasive technique used to record the movements of the body synchronous with the heartbeat due to left ventricular pump activity. Despite the fact that this technique to measure cardiac output has been superseded by more advanced and precise techniques, it is useful for teaching card...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00025.2002
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most scientists acquire their training in manuscript review not through instruction but by actually doing it. Formal training in manuscript analysis is rarely, if ever, provided. Editors usually choose reviewers because of expertise in a given subject area and availability. If an individual repeatedly submits bad revi...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00057.2002
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Students are relying on technology for learning more than ever, and educators need to adapt to facilitate student learning. High-fidelity patient simulators (HFPS) are usually reserved for the clinical years of medical education and are geared to improve clinical decision skills, teamwork, and patient safety. Finding ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00058.2012
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of hepatic bile formation reported in 1958 established that it was an osmotically generated water flow. Intravenous infusion of sodium taurocholate established a high correlation between hepatic bile flow and bile acid excretion. Secretin, a hormone that stimulates bicarbonate secretion, was also found to incr...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00076.2014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To systematically investigate whether the inclusion of a bioethical discussion improves the learning and retention of biological content, students in two sections of an introductory zoology class were taught the biology behind emergency contraception and RU-486. Students in one section of the course participated in a ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00122.2011
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been growing evidence that flipped teaching (FT) can increase student engagement. Traditional lecture-based teaching (TT) method was compared with FT and FT combined with retrieval practice (FTR) in a 400-level Exercise Physiology course over eight semesters. In the FT format, lecture content was assigned fo...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00143.2019
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative concept mapping, in contrast with qualitative approaches, is rigorous scientifically and permits statistical analyses of data about concept learning. This study extends past quantitative research on the structure of student concept learning in pulmonary physiology. Pathfinder scaling is used to derive con...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advances.2000.23.1.S72
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Undergraduates students in 12 courses at 8 different institutions were surveyed to determine the prevalence of 13 different misconceptions (conceptual difficulties) about cardiovascular function. The prevalence of these misconceptions ranged from 20 to 81% and, for each misconception, was consistent across the differe...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00002.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to investigate particular psychosocial predictors of obesity bias in prehealth professionals, which include the internalization of athletic and general body ideals, perceived media pressure and information, and achievement goal orientations. Exercise science undergraduate students ...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00185.2015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Undergraduate education should help students build a deep, conceptual understanding of their discipline, not merely compel them to acquire factual knowledge. The core concepts for physiology (described in 2011), conceptual frameworks, and conceptual assessments are available to focus undergraduate physiology education...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1152/advan.00188.2019
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A second National Science Foundation-sponsored workshop on Conceptual Assessment in Biology was held in January 2008. Reports prepared for the workshop revealed that research groups working in a variety of biological sciences are continuing to develop conceptual assessment instruments for use in the classroom. Discuss...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type:
doi:10.1152/advan.90122.2008
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Review quizzes can provide students with feedback and assist in the preparation for in-class tests, but students often do not voluntarily use self-testing resources. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate if taking a mandatory online review quiz alters performance on subsequent in-class tests. During two sem...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00064.2014
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we report on a new tool for teaching cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology that promotes qualitative as well as quantitative thinking about time-dependent physiological phenomena. Quantification of steady and presteady-state (transient) cardiovascular phenomena is traditionally done by differential equat...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/advan.00072.2010
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Basic cardiac electrophysiology is foundational to understanding normal cardiac function in terms of rate and rhythm and initiation of cardiac muscle contraction. The primary clinical tool for assessing cardiac electrical events is the electrocardiogram (ECG), which provides global and regional information on rate, rh...
journal_title:Advances in physiology education
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/advan.00105.2016
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00