Abstract:
:Schizophrenic (n = 21), bipolar (n = 18), and normal control subjects (n = 21) were compared on a word recognition measure of semantic priming. The task involved the presentation of related, neutral, and unrelated word pairs; the second word (target word) in each pair was presented in a degraded form. Facilitation was defined as the accuracy of target word recognition for the related word pairs minus accuracy for the neutral word pairs. Titration, achieved by manipulating the degradation of the target word, was used to maintain each subject's overall accuracy for related and neutral items at approximately 50%. This procedure minimized the artifactual effects of overall accuracy on the difference score. Schizophrenics exceeded both normal control subjects and bipolar subjects on facilitation. Bipolar subjects did not differ from control subjects. The results support Maher's hypothesis that semantic priming effects are heightened in schizophrenia.
journal_name
J Abnorm Psycholjournal_title
Journal of abnormal psychologyauthors
Kwapil TR,Hegley DC,Chapman LJ,Chapman JPdoi
10.1037//0021-843x.99.3.215subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-08-01 00:00:00pages
215-21issue
3eissn
0021-843Xissn
1939-1846journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The authors assessed the biphasic effects of alcohol on human physical aggression. Sixty male social drinkers were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: alcohol ascending limb (AAL), alcohol descending limb (ADL), or 1 of 2 sober control groups. Aggression was assessed in the AAL and ADL groups at respective ascending or descend...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.4.598
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diminished responding to hearing one's own name is one of the earliest and strongest predictors of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we studied, for the first time, the neural correlates of hearing one's own name in ASD. Based on existing research, we hypothesized enhancement of late parietal positive activity spe...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000329
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2 experiments we investigated the effects of withdrawal and stress on the affective correlates of urges to smoke. In both, habitual cigarette smokers were divided into continuing and withdrawing smoker groups. In the 1st study, 44 adults reported current mood, urge, and expectations over a 24-hr period. In the 2nd,...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.617
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myriad studies have found group differences in neural dynamics between people with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the extent to which variation in neural dynamics is related to variation in the autism phenotype across the population is not known. Here we measured behavioral characteristics of aut...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000436
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study addresses 5 unresolved issues in the neuropsychology of antisocial behavior using a community sample of 325 school boys in whom neurocognitive measures were assessed at age 16-17 years. Antisocial behavior measures collected from age 7-17 years were cluster analyzed and produced 4 groups: control, childhood...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.38
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior analyses of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (Piper et al., 2004) implicated 4 subscales as primary dependence motives (PDM) indexing the core features of tobacco dependence, with the remaining subscales reflecting secondary dependence motives (SDM; Piper et al., 2008). The current study ext...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0020235
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A midterm design was used to determine whether students' attributional style for negative achievement events interacts with self-esteem and a lower-than-expected exam grade to predict changes in measures of specific and nonspecific depression and anxiety. Participants were 141 students who completed baseline measures ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.2.203
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective naturalistic 1-year follow-up study of 39 patients with current panic disorder, 17 remitted panic patients, 46 infrequent panickers, 22 patients with simple phobias, and 45 controls assessed clinical course and variables related to the maintenance of panic attacks. Nearly all panic disorder patients (92%...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.104.1.164
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taxometric and biometric analyses were conducted on 2 North American samples to investigate the prevalence and biometric structure of pathological dissociation. Results indicated that approximately 3.3% of the general population belongs to a pathological dissociative taxon. A brief 8-item self-report scale called the ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.4.499
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested whether perfectionism dimensions interact with specific stressors to predict depression. A depressed patient sample (N = 51) and a general psychiatric sample (N = 94) completed measures of perfectionism, hassles, and depression. Subjects in Sample 2 also completed other personality measures to assess the amo...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.1.58
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A stressor vulnerability model of stress-induced drinking was tested in a stratified random sample of 1,316 Black and White adult drinkers. Stressors were highly predictive of both alcohol use and drinking problems among men who relied on avoidant forms of emotion coping or held strong positive expectancies for alcoho...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.1.139
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conversion disorder has been associated with hypnotic susceptibility for over a century and is currently still believed to be a form of autohypnosis. There is, however, little empirical evidence for the relation between hypnotic susceptibility and conversion symptoms. The authors compared 50 patients with conversion d...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.2.390
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original hypothesis of Dixon, Brunet, and Laurence (1990) that highly hypnotizable (HH) subjects process words more automatically than do low hypnotizable (LH) subjects was retested in a paradigm that separated strategic from automatic processes in the Stroop color-naming task. The words red and blue preceded a co...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.2.344
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::While persecutory delusions (PDs) have been linked to fallacies of reasoning and social inference, computational characterizations of delusional tendencies are rare. Here, we examined 151 individuals from the general population on opposite ends of the PD spectrum (Paranoia Checklist [PCL]). Participants made trial-wis...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000500
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This commentary emphasizes the implications for a mental health research agenda that stem from the papers in this special section on dimensional models of psychopathology. These include the need to extend dimensional models to a wider range of psychopathology; the relationship of the dimensions described in these pape...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.565
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weight suppression, the difference between highest past weight and current weight, is a robust predictor of clinical characteristics of bulimia nervosa; however, the influence of weight suppression in anorexia nervosa (AN) has been little studied, and to our knowledge, no study to date has investigated the ways in whi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0033930
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we tested an attributional model of expressed emotion (EE) among Mexican-American families. A sample of 46 key family members of schizophrenic patients were measured on three dimensions: affect toward patient, controllability attributions, and level of EE. Consistent with an attributional model, we found...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.4.601
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research demonstrates a link between exposure to childhood adversity and psychopathology later in development. However, work on mechanisms linking adversity to psychopathology fails to account for specificity in these pathways across different types of adversity. Here, we test a conceptual model that distinguish...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000331
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although high-risk research suggests that children of depressed mothers are at increased risk for psychological disorders, the mechanisms of this risk are not well understood. In the current study, the information processing of children of depressed mothers was compared with that of children whose mothers were not dep...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.2.202
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary explorations of the trait model for personality disorders provided in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) Section III suggest that the factor structure of proposed traits includes 5 higher order factors that resemble other dimensional trait models of personality. These pr...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0034003
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.2.281
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sons of male alcoholics (SOMAs) are at markedly heightened genetic risk for the development of alcohol abuse. Study of SOMAs could therefore conceivably increase the efficiency of research aimed at uncovering those heritable factors that predispose to alcoholism. SOMAs manifest observable behavioral, cognitive, and ps...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.3.291
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns and features of substance use and abuse vary across the menstrual cycle in humans. Yet, little work has systematically examined the within-person relationships between ovarian hormone changes and alcohol use across the menstrual cycle. Our study was the first to examine the roles of within-person levels of es...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000304
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Event-related potentials to critical verbs were measured as patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls read sentences word by word. Relative to their preceding context, critical verbs were (a) congruous, (b) incongruous and semantically unrelated to individual preceding words (pragmatic-semantic violations), (c)...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.2.251
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia (SZ) occurs among a spectrum of disorders with similar characteristics, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Visual processing disturbances have been reported in both disorders, but it is not yet clear which processes are disturbed in both SZ and SPD, suggestive of a common endophenotype, an...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.1.119
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relationship between combat exposure and adult antisocial behavior in a sample of 2,490 male Army veterans of the Vietnam War who completed questionnaires about their psychological functioning. After adjustment for history of childhood behavior problems, posttraumatic stress disorder diagno...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.4.575
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety-related bodily sensations, which arises from beliefs that the sensations have harmful somatic, psychological, or social consequences. Elevated anxiety sensitivity, as assessed by the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), is associated with panic disorder. The present study investi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.474
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large body of literature suggests that aggressive behavior can be classified into two subtypes--reactive aggression (RA) and proactive aggression (PA)--which differ on dimensions of emotional arousal, control, and impulsivity. A longstanding hypothesis posits that RA underlies the association between aggression and ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0014659
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impersonal stressors, not only interpersonal provocation, can instigate aggression through an associative network linking negative emotions to behavioral activation (L. Berkowitz, 1990). Research has not examined the brain mechanisms that are engaged by different types of stress and serve to promote hostility and aggr...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0014376
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A discrete-time survival analysis of recovery from major depressive episodes for a sample of married subjects (N = 119) identified several significant predictors of recovery including comorbidity for anxiety disorders or substance abuse, social support, age, and education. Furthermore, the analysis distinguished betwe...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.2.277
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00