Abstract:
:The biggest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease is the process of ageing, but the mechanisms that lead to the manifestation of the disease remain to be elucidated. Why age triggers the disease is unclear but an emerging theme is the inability for a cell to efficiently maintain many key processes such as energy production, repair, and regenerative mechanisms. Metal ions are essential to the metabolic function of every cell. This review will explore the role and reported changes in metal ions in Alzheimer disease, particularly the brain, blood and cerebral spinal fluid, emphasizing how iron, copper and zinc may be involved through the interactions with amyloid precursor protein, the proteolytically cleaved peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ), and other related metalloproteins. Finally, we explore the monomeric makeup of possible Aβ dimers, what a dimeric Aβ species from Alzheimer's disease brain tissue is likely to be composed of, and discuss how metals may influence Aβ production and toxicity via a copper catalyzed dityrosine cross-link.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Roberts BR,Ryan TM,Bush AI,Masters CL,Duce JAdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07500.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
149-66eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
120 Suppl 1pub_type
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