The induction of autophagy by mechanical stress.

Abstract:

:The ability to respond and adapt to changes in the physical environment is a universal and essential cellular property. Here we demonstrated that cells respond to mechanical compressive stress by rapidly inducing autophagosome formation. We measured this response in both Dictyostelium and mammalian cells, indicating that this is an evolutionarily conserved, general response to mechanical stress. In Dictyostelium, the number of autophagosomes increased 20-fold within 10 min of 1 kPa pressure being applied and a similar response was seen in mammalian cells after 30 min. We showed in both cell types that autophagy is highly sensitive to changes in mechanical pressure and the response is graduated, with half-maximal responses at ~0.2 kPa, similar to other mechano-sensitive responses. We further showed that the mechanical induction of autophagy is TOR-independent and transient, lasting until the cells adapt to their new environment and recover their shape. The autophagic response is therefore part of an integrated response to mechanical challenge, allowing cells to cope with a continuously changing physical environment.

journal_name

Autophagy

journal_title

Autophagy

authors

King JS,Veltman DM,Insall RH

doi

10.4161/auto.7.12.17924

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1490-9

issue

12

eissn

1554-8627

issn

1554-8635

pii

17924

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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