Exploring the role of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in eye movements.

abstract：:It has previously been reported that the avian H5N1 type of influenza A virus can be detected in neurons and astrocytes of human brains in autopsy cases. However, the underlying neuropathogenicity remains unexplored. In this study, we used differentiated human astrocytic and neuronal cell lines as models to examine th...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Ng YP,Lee SM,Cheung TK,Nicholls JM,Peiris JS,Ip NY

更新日期：2010-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The globus pallidus sends a significant GABAergic projection to the thalamic reticular nucleus. Because pallidal neurons express D4-dopamine receptors, we have explored their presence on pallidoreticular terminals by studying the effect of dopamine and D4-receptor agonists on the GABAergic transmission in the thalamic...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Gasca-Martinez D,Hernandez A,Sierra A,Valdiosera R,Anaya-Martinez V,Floran B,Erlij D,Aceves J

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and migration, and neurite outgrowth. Since these processes have been found to be under thyroid control in the developing rat brain, we have investigated the effect of congenital hypothyroidism on tenascin-C expression. At birth, in situ hybr...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Alvarez-Dolado M,González-Sancho JM,Bernal J,Muñoz A

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptotagmins (Syts) constitute a multi-gene family of 15 putative membrane trafficking proteins. The expression of some of the Syts in the brain might be dopaminergically controlled and thus affected by dopamine depletion in Parkinson's disease. We used hemiparkinsonian rats to investigate the effects of chronic str...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Glavan G,Zivin M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine whether the neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin (NT)-3 could act as endogenous target-derived trophic factors for erection-inducing, i.e. penis-projecting major pelvic ganglion (MPG) neurons, and/or penile sensory ne...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Hiltunen JO,Laurikainen A,Klinge E,Saarma M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems governs normal behavior and is perturbed in many psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Hypofunction of the D1 family of receptors, to which the D(1) and D(5) subtypes belong, is a typical feature of schizophrenia. Here we have used confocal li...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Kruusmägi M,Kumar S,Zelenin S,Brismar H,Aperia A,Scott L

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trigeminal neurogenic inflammation is one explanation for the development of vascular migraine. The triggers for this inflammation and pain are not well understood, but are probably vasoactive components acting on the blood vessel wall. Migraine-related inner ear symptoms like phonophobia, tinnitus, fluctuation in hea...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Vass Z,Steyger PS,Hordichok AJ,Trune DR,Jancsó G,Nuttall AL

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous studies indicate that endogenous opioids (primarily beta-endorphin) released during stressful stimuli can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception in inflamed tissue of rats. This study sought to localize opioid precursor mRNAs and opioid peptides deriving therefrom in inflamed tis...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Przewłocki R,Hassan AH,Lason W,Epplen C,Herz A,Stein C

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional distribution gradients of intracerebrally injected tritiated dopamine were calculated on the basis of concentrations in multiple punch-samples from sequential sections of Macaca fascicularis brain tissue. The monkey was pretreated systemically with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor to retard elimination....

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Dubach M

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for normal brain development. Even modest degrees of TH disruption experienced in utero can result in neuropsychological deficits in children despite normal thyroid status at birth. Neurotrophins have been implicated in a host of brain cellular functions, and in particular, brain-de...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Gilbert ME,Lasley SM

更新日期：2013-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of the availability of synaptic targets on neuronal survival was tested by explanting the cochleovestibular ganglion from embryonic day 3-1/2 chick embryos and maintaining it in the presence or absence of appropriate synaptic target tissues for 14 days in culture. The targets were the inner ear, peripherall...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Ard MD,Morest DK,Hauger SH

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In three rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), the inferior motor cortex was explored by electrical stimulation for sites yielding vocal fold adduction. The retrograde tracer wheat germ-agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase was injected into the effective sites. Within the forebrain, retrogradely labeled cells were ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Simonyan K,Jürgens U

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have described altered expression of metallothioneins (MTs) in neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), Down syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In order to gain insight into the possible role of MTs in neurodegenerative processes and especially in human diseases, the use of animal...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Carrasco J,Adlard P,Cotman C,Quintana A,Penkowa M,Xu F,Van Nostrand WE,Hidalgo J

更新日期：2006-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite high levels of use, the mechanism of action of effective pharmacotherapies in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is unknown. It has recently been hypothesized that one site of therapeutic action is the midbrain superior colliculus, a structure traditionally associated with visual processing, but a...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Dommett EJ,Overton PG,Greenfield SA

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of serotonin1A and serotonin4 receptors in the modulation of synaptic inhibition in the dentate gyrus of guinea-pig hippocampal slices was studied. The effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on hilar neurons and on inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in granule cells were compared using intracellular recor...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Bijak M,Misgeld U

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in the superior paraolivary nucleus (SPON) of the rat respond to the offset of pure tones with a brief burst of spikes. Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) neurons, which inhibit the SPON, produce a sustained pure tone response followed by an offset response characterized by a period of suppressed spon...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Kadner A,Berrebi AS

更新日期：2008-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to determine which neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are utilized by the neurons of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus and by the fibres making synaptic contact with these primary sensory cells, we have set up an immunohistochemical study using antibodies against 17 major neurotransmitters and neuropeptid...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Copray JC,Ter Horst GJ,Liem RS,van Willigen JD

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stem cells have a number of properties, which make them excellent candidates for the treatment of various neurologic disorders, the most important of which being their ability to migrate to and differentiate predictably at sites of pathology in the brain. The disease-directed migration and well-characterized different...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Carney BJ,Shah K

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report that a small population of neurons expresses both choline acetyltransferase and classical estrogen receptor immunoreactivity and they are found primarily in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. In short-term ovariectomized ageing mice (24 months, n = 5) there were 41.0 +/- 4.1% fewer of these double-labe...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Miller MM,Hyder SM,Assayag R,Panarella SR,Tousignant P,Franklin KB

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spasticity and rigidity are serious complications associated with spinal traumatic or ischemic injury. Clinical studies show that tizanidine (Tiz) is an effective antispasticity agent; however, the mechanism of this effect is still not clear. Tiz binds not only to α2-adrenoreceptors (AR) but also to imidazol...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Fuchigami T,Kakinohana O,Hefferan MP,Lukacova N,Marsala S,Platoshyn O,Sugahara K,Yaksh TL,Marsala M

更新日期：2011-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Sucrose gap techniques recorded dorsal root potentials evoked by supramaximal dorsal root stimulation in in vitro, hemisected frog spinal cords. In 0 mM Mg2+ large (mean 13.0 mV), long lasting (mean 8.1 s) dorsal root potentials were recorded which consisted of two components: (1) an early component sensitive to picro...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Hackman JC,Davidoff RA

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of treatment with the antidepressant drug imipramine on neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity were studied immunocytochemically in the rat brain cortex and hypothalamus. It was found that the level of neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in the cortex was significantly lowered three and 24 h after the last dose of ch...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Smiałowska M,Legutko B

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homer is a postsynaptic density (PSD) scaffold protein that is involved in synaptic plasticity, calcium signaling and neurological disorders. Here, we use pre-embedding immunogold electron microscopy to illustrate the differential localization of three Homer gene products (Homer 1, 2, and 3) in different regions of th...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Tao-Cheng JH,Thein S,Yang Y,Reese TS,Gallant PE

更新日期：2014-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the roles of different subtypes of opioid receptors in ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) opioid-evoked antinociception in formalin test by using an automatic detection system for recording the nociceptive behavior (agitation) and a manual method for detecting the duration...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Xie YF,Wang J,Huo FQ,Jia H,Tang JS

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen exerts many of its receptor-mediated neuroprotective functions through the activation of various intracellular signal transduction pathways including the mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK), phospho inositol-3 kinase and protein kinase C pathways. Here we have used a hippocampal slice culture model of ka...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Goodenough S,Schleusner D,Pietrzik C,Skutella T,Behl C

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid receptor activation has been shown to modulate both neurotransmission (CB(1)) and neuroinflammatory (CB(2)) responses. There are conflicting reports in the literature describing the influence of cannabinoid receptor activation on ischemic/reperfusion injury. The goal of this study was to evaluate how chang...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Zhang M,Martin BR,Adler MW,Razdan RK,Ganea D,Tuma RF

更新日期：2008-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in part, by affecting the clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Most studies, however, used synthetic soluble Aβ (sAβ) at higher concentrations. The exact mechanisms underlying microglia-mediated clearance of physiological sAβ at very low ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Fu H,Liu B,Li L,Lemere CA

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major limitations to the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease (PD) are the motor complications resulting from L-DOPA treatment. Abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) affect a majority of the patients after a few years of L-DOPA treatment and can become troublesome and debilitating. Once dyskinesia has debuted,...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Iderberg H,Francardo V,Pioli EY

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a complex linguistic environment, while speech sounds can greatly vary, some shared features are often invariant. These invariant features constitute so-called abstract auditory rules. Our previous study has shown that with auditory sensory intelligence, the human brain can automatically extract the abstract audito...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Guo XT,Wang XD,Liang XY,Wang M,Chen L

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:This work addresses the presence, pharmacological properties, and anatomical localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide-alpha (CGRPalpha) binding sites and the receptor's accessory proteins in endplate-enriched and non-endplate muscle membrane samples from adult rat gracilis muscles. We examined the binding of (1...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Fernandez HL,Chen M,Nadelhaft I,Durr JA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00