Abstract：
PURPOSE:People with limited literacy are at increased risks of chronic systemic conditions. The authors therefore investigated the independent contribution of limited literacy on visual impairment and visual function in a large eye survey in Singapore. METHODS:The authors undertook a population-based, cross-sectional study of Asian Malays (≥ 40 years old). Visual impairment was defined as logMAR (logarithm of minimal angle of resolution) visual acuity > 0.30 in the better-seeing eye. Information regarding reading and writing literacy levels and other independent variables, including sociodemographic measures (e.g., education, income), were obtained from a standardized interview. Visual functioning was assessed using a modified and validated version of the Vision-Specific Functioning Scale using Rasch analysis. RESULTS:Of the 3280 participants, 553 (16.9%) had inadequate reading literacy and 688 (21.0%) had inadequate writing literacy. In multivariate analysis, persons with inadequate reading literacy were more likely to have presenting visual impairment (odds ratio [OR] = 2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.91 to 3.72; P < 0.001), best-corrected visual impairment (OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.70 to 3.96; P < 0.001), and poorer visual functioning (β coefficient = 0.58; 95% CI = 1.57 to 3.02; P < 0.001), even controlling for education, income, and other patients' characteristics. Similar associations were found for inadequate writing literacy. CONCLUSIONS:Inadequate literacy is independently associated with visual impairment and poorer visual functioning. Interventions that address literacy may help to reduce socioeconomic disparities in visual impairment.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Zheng Y,Lamoureux EL,Chiang PP,Cheng CY,Anuar AR,Saw SM,Aung T,Wong TYdoi
10.1167/iovs.11-7725subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-29 00:00:00pages
7634-9issue
10eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.11-7725journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:In ischemic proliferative retinopathies, Müller glial cells (MGCs) acquire migratory abilities. However, the mechanisms that regulate this migration remain poorly understood. In addition, proliferative disorders associated with enhanced activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) also involve insulin-like gr...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We examined if light induces changes in the retinal structure that can be observed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:Normal C57BL/6J mice (age 3-6 months) adapted to either room light (15 minutes to ∼5 hours, 50-500 lux) or darkness (overnight) were imaged using a Bioptigen UHR-OCT system. Conf...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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abstract：PURPOSE:This study was performed to investigate motion perception in patients with glaucoma. METHODS:A random dot motion test was used to measure three aspects of central motion perception: minimum displacement threshold (Dmin), maximum displacement threshold (Dmax), and coherence threshold (signal to noise). Motion p...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：Purpose:To discover novel therapies that lower IOP by increasing aqueous humor outflow facility, ex vivo ocular perfusion systems provide a valuable tool. However, currently available designs are limited by their throughput. Here we report the development of a compact, scalable perfusion system with improved throughput...
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.61.3.51
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.08-2755
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2012-08-07 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) under optimized wavefront correction allows for routine imaging of foveal cone photoreceptors. The intersubject variability of foveal cone density was measured and its relation to eye length evaluated. METHODS:AOSLO was used to image 18 healthy eyes with ax...
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更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To refine the Minnesota Grading System (MGS) using definitions from the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS) into a nine-step grading scale (MGS-9). Methods:A nine-step grading scale descriptive analysis using three key phenotypic features (total drusen area, increased, and decreased pigmentation) of human ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2012-04-02 00:00:00
