Human herpesvirus-6 entry into the central nervous system through the olfactory pathway.

abstract：:The Tat protein coded by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a strong activator of viral gene expression from the long terminal repeat (LTR). It appears that Tat-mediated trans-activation of the HIV LTR is predominantly a transcriptional event. It has been reported that Tat acts at the level of both transcriptional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kamine J,Subramanian T,Chinnadurai G

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spermatogonia are the male germ stem cells that continuously produce sperm for the next generation. Spermatogenesis is a complicated process that proceeds through mitotic phase of stem cell renewal and differentiation, meiotic phase, and postmeiotic phase of spermiogenesis. Full recapitulation of spermatogenesis in vi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hong Y,Liu T,Zhao H,Xu H,Wang W,Liu R,Chen T,Deng J,Gui J

更新日期：2004-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Inferring evolutionary relationships among highly divergent protein sequences is a daunting task. In particular, when pairwise sequence alignments between protein sequences fall <25% identity, the phylogenetic relationships among sequences cannot be estimated with statistical certainty. Here, we show that phylogenetic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang GS,Hong Y,Ko KD,Bhardwaj G,Holmes EC,Patterson RL,van Rossum DB

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose approaching prediction from a framework grounded in the theoretical correct prediction rate of a variable set as a parameter of interest. This framework allows us to define a measure of predictivity that enables assessing variable sets for, preferably high, predictivity. We first define the prediction rate ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lo A,Chernoff H,Zheng T,Lo SH

更新日期：2016-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Many "workers" in north temperate colonies of the eusocial paper wasp Polistes fuscatus disappear within a few days of eclosion. We provide evidence that these females are pursuing an alternative reproductive strategy, i.e., dispersing to overwinter and become nest foundresses the following spring, instead of helping ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reeve HK,Peters JM,Nonacs P,Starks PT

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:New data are reported on the influence of size on the velocity threshold for real movement. As the length of a narrow stimulus object increases, width remaining constant, the velocity threshold also increases. These findings are discussed in relation to some psychophysical experiments on contrast and some physiologica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mates B,Graham CH

更新日期：1970-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A joint analysis of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) calculations and picosecond time-resolved x-ray structures was performed to gain single-molecule insights into mechanisms of protein function. Ensemble-averaged MD simulations of the L29F mutant of myoglobin after ligand dissociation reproduce the direction, amplitu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hummer G,Schotte F,Anfinrud PA

更新日期：2004-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurological dysfunction caused by traumatic brain injury results in profound changes in net synaptic efficacy, leading to impaired cognition. Because excitability is directly controlled by the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity, underlying mechanisms causing these changes were investigated using lateral fl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cole JT,Mitala CM,Kundu S,Verma A,Elkind JA,Nissim I,Cohen AS

更新日期：2010-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotactin is an extracellular matrix protein that is dynamically and transiently expressed in a place-dependent fashion during development by glial cells, fibroblasts, and several other cell types. In the present study, the effects of cytotactin on cell proliferation were examined in fibroblastic cells in culture. NI...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crossin KL

更新日期：1991-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperphosphorylated α-synuclein in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites is a characteristic neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The catalytic subunit of the specific phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that dephosphorylates α-synuclein, is hypomethylated in these ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan R,Zhang J,Park HJ,Park ES,Oh S,Zheng H,Junn E,Voronkov M,Stock JB,Mouradian MM

更新日期：2018-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Rearrangements of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase gene generating RET/PTC oncogenes are specific to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent thyroid tumor. Here, we show that the RET/PTC1 oncogene, when exogenously expressed in primary normal human thyrocytes, induces the expression of a large set of gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borrello MG,Alberti L,Fischer A,Degl'innocenti D,Ferrario C,Gariboldi M,Marchesi F,Allavena P,Greco A,Collini P,Pilotti S,Cassinelli G,Bressan P,Fugazzola L,Mantovani A,Pierotti MA

更新日期：2005-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippocampal mossy fibers, which are the axons of dentate granule cells, form powerful excitatory synapses onto the proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal cells. It has long been known that high-affinity binding sites for kainate, a glutamate receptor agonist, are present on mossy fibers. Here we summarize recent experime...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmitz D,Mellor J,Frerking M,Nicoll RA

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause devastating lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants or when other serious health problems are present. Immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab (Synagis), a humanized IgG1 mAb, is the current standard of care for preventing RSV infection in at-risk neonates. We have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hiatt A,Bohorova N,Bohorov O,Goodman C,Kim D,Pauly MH,Velasco J,Whaley KJ,Piedra PA,Gilbert BE,Zeitlin L

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin states can be distinguished by differential covalent modifications of histones or by utilization of histone variants. Chromatin associated with transcriptionally active loci becomes enriched for histones with particular lysine modifications and accumulates the H3.3 histone variant, the substrate for replicat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McKittrick E,Gafken PR,Ahmad K,Henikoff S

更新日期：2004-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Mating elicits two major changes in the reproductive behavior of many insect females. The egg-laying rate increases and the readiness to accept males (receptivity) is reduced. These postmating responses last approximately 1 week in Drosophila melanogaster. Males that do not transfer sperm but transfer seminal fluid du...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu H,Kubli E

更新日期：2003-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ras proteins are small GTP binding proteins that serve as critical relays in a variety of signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. Like most metazoan Ras proteins, yeast Ras is post-translationally modified by addition of a farnesyl and a palmitoyl moiety, and these modifications are required for targeting th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhattacharya S,Chen L,Broach JR,Powers S

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The data reported here demonstrate that a preparation extracted from nonpathogenic mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium smegmatis and hereafter referred to as interphase material protected mice against Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma, L-1210 leukemia, and another syngeneic lymphoid leukemia. Furthermore, mice treated by this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamensans A,Chedid L,Lederer E,Rosselet JP,Gustafson RH,Spencer HJ,Ludwig B,Berger FM

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new common cell-surface antigen associated with murine and feline C-type RNA leukemia viruses was demonstrated by the use of rabbit antiserum against feline leukemia virus and the indirect membrane immunofluorescence test. Common cell-surface antigen was found in all leukemias of all strains of mice tested, in norma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yoshiki T,Mellors RC,Hardy WD Jr

更新日期：1973-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formamide is one of the important compounds from which prebiotic molecules can be synthesized, provided that its concentration is sufficiently high. For nucleotides and short DNA strands, it has been shown that a high degree of accumulation in hydrothermal pores occurs, so that temperature gradients might play a role ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Niether D,Afanasenkau D,Dhont JK,Wiegand S

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The subdivision of all the experimental days of the Whitetop project into two approximately equal groups, group W with predominantly westerly winds aloft and group E with frequent easterly winds, shows a remarkable difference in the apparent effect of seeding. On W days there was no detectable effect of seeding on rai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lovasich JL,Neyman J,Scott EL,Smith JA

更新日期：1969-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia spp. carry a large common plasmid that encodes a number of essential virulence determinants. Included in these factors are the Yersinia-secreted proteins called Yops. We analyzed the consequences of wild-type and mutant strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis interactions with the macrophage cell li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Monack DM,Mecsas J,Ghori N,Falkow S

更新日期：1997-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Docosahexaenoic acid (DCHA), a major polyunsaturated acid component of fish lipid, is not a substrate for prostaglandin synthetase from ram seminal vesicles but is a strong competitive inhibitor (Ki, 0.36 microM) of the conversion by this enzyme of arachidonate (Km, 5.9 microM) to prostaglandins. In contrast, DCHA exh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Corey EJ,Shih C,Cashman JR

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The programmed activation/repression of transcription factors in early hematopoietic differentiation has not yet been explored. The DNA-binding protein GATA-1 is required for normal erythroid development and regulates erythroid-expressed genes in maturing erythroblasts. We analyzed GATA-1 expression in early human adu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sposi NM,Zon LI,Carè A,Valtieri M,Testa U,Gabbianelli M,Mariani G,Bottero L,Mather C,Orkin SH

更新日期：1992-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:I reject the Darwinian assumption that larvae and their adults evolved from a single common ancestor. Rather I posit that, in animals that metamorphose, the basic types of larvae originated as adults of different lineages, i.e., larvae were transferred when, through hybridization, their genomes were acquired by distan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williamson DI

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:After exposure of segments of rabbit taenia coli to the nonionic detergent Triton X-100, tension could be induced by increasing the [Ca2+] in the micromolar range. In the presence of a saturating [Ca2+], this preparation developed nearly 100% of the control tetanus tension recorded from the intact muscle prior to the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon AR

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant viruses alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and brome mosaic virus (BMV) each divide their genetic information among three RNAs while tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) contains a single genomic RNA. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggest that the single proteins encoded by AMV RNA 1 and BMV RNA 1 and by AMV RNA 2 and BMV R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haseloff J,Goelet P,Zimmern D,Ahlquist P,Dasgupta R,Kaesberg P

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet factor 4 is shown to be a chemotactic protein for human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes at concentrations found in human serum and reached locally in injured tissue. The maximum chemotactic response to platelet factor 4 nearly equals that achieved with saturating concentrations of the chemotactic a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deuel TF,Senior RM,Chang D,Griffin GL,Heinrikson RL,Kaiser ET

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positively acting, rate-limiting regulatory factors that influence tissue-specific expression of the human cardiac alpha-actin gene in a mouse muscle cell line are shown by in vivo competition and gel mobility-shift assays to bind to upstream regions of its promoter but to neither vector DNA nor a beta-globin promoter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miwa T,Boxer LM,Kedes L

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal genetic disorder caused by an absence of the dystrophin protein in bodywide muscles, including the heart. Cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of death in DMD. Exon skipping via synthetic phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) represents one of the most promising ther...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Echigoya Y,Nakamura A,Nagata T,Urasawa N,Lim KRQ,Trieu N,Panesar D,Kuraoka M,Moulton HM,Saito T,Aoki Y,Iversen P,Sazani P,Kole R,Maruyama R,Partridge T,Takeda S,Yokota T

更新日期：2017-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vivo production of frameshift and base-substitution mutations predicted as a consequence of the metabolic processing of misaligned quasipalindromic DNA sequences has been confirmed. Spontaneous frameshift mutations of the T4 rII gene that had been genetically mapped to quasipalindromic DNA sequences were sequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： de Boer JG,Ripley LS

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00