The impact of recombination on dN/dS within recently emerged bacterial clones.

abstract：:Infectious prions propagate from peripheral entry sites into the central nervous system (CNS), where they cause progressive neurodegeneration that ultimately leads to death. Yet the pathogenesis of prion disease can vary dramatically depending on the strain, or conformational variant of the aberrantly folded and aggre...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bett C,Joshi-Barr S,Lucero M,Trejo M,Liberski P,Kelly JW,Masliah E,Sigurdson CJ

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium falciparum malaria kills over 500,000 children every year and has been a scourge of humans for millennia. Owing to the co-evolution of humans and P. falciparum parasites, the human genome is imprinted with polymorphisms that not only confer innate resistance to falciparum malaria, but also cause hemoglobino...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Taylor SM,Cerami C,Fairhurst RM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, has been shown to induce expression of the urokinase receptor (uPAR); however, the role of uPAR in the immune response against Borrelia has never been investigated. uPAR not only acts as a proteinase receptor, but can also, dependently or in...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Hovius JW,Bijlsma MF,van der Windt GJ,Wiersinga WJ,Boukens BJ,Coumou J,Oei A,de Beer R,de Vos AF,van 't Veer C,van Dam AP,Wang P,Fikrig E,Levi MM,Roelofs JJ,van der Poll T

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As humans age, they experience a progressive loss of thymic function and a corresponding shift in the makeup of the circulating CD8+ T cell population from naïve to memory phenotype. These alterations are believed to result in impaired CD8+ T cell responses in older individuals; however, evidence that these global cha...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Lelic A,Verschoor CP,Ventresca M,Parsons R,Evelegh C,Bowdish D,Betts MR,Loeb MB,Bramson JL

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with colorectal cancer (CRC) and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. However, the molecular determinants involved in Sgg pathogenicity in the gut are unknown. Bacterial type VII secretion systems (T7SS) mediate pa...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Taylor JC,Gao X,Xu J,Holder M,Petrosino J,Kumar R,Liu W,Höök M,Mackenzie C,Hillhouse A,Brashear W,Nunez MP,Xu Y

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic. Critical to the rapid evaluation of vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 is the development of tractable animal models to understand the adaptive immune response to the virus. To this end, the use of ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Hassert M,Geerling E,Stone ET,Steffen TL,Feldman MS,Dickson AL,Class J,Richner JM,Brien JD,Pinto AK

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous human herpesvirus, can latently infect the human population. EBV is associated with several types of malignancies originating from lymphoid and epithelial cell types. EBV latent antigen 3C (EBNA3C) is essential for EBV-induced immortalization of B-cells. The Moloney murine leukem...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Banerjee S,Lu J,Cai Q,Sun Z,Jha HC,Robertson ES

更新日期：2014-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The disease phenotype of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the molecular/ biological properties of its prion strain, including the host range and the characteristics of BSE-related disorders, have been extensively studied since its discovery in 1986. In recent years, systematic testing of the brains of cattle...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Lombardi G,Casalone C,D' Angelo A,Gelmetti D,Torcoli G,Barbieri I,Corona C,Fasoli E,Farinazzo A,Fiorini M,Gelati M,Iulini B,Tagliavini F,Ferrari S,Caramelli M,Monaco S,Capucci L,Zanusso G

更新日期：2008-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV infection induces phenotypic and functional changes to CD8+ T cells defined by the coordinated upregulation of a series of negative checkpoint receptors that eventually result in T cell exhaustion and failure to control viral replication. We report that effector CD8+ T cells during HIV infection in blood and SIV i...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Chew GM,Fujita T,Webb GM,Burwitz BJ,Wu HL,Reed JS,Hammond KB,Clayton KL,Ishii N,Abdel-Mohsen M,Liegler T,Mitchell BI,Hecht FM,Ostrowski M,Shikuma CM,Hansen SG,Maurer M,Korman AJ,Deeks SG,Sacha JB,Ndhlovu LC

更新日期：2016-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) belongs to the genus Bocaparvovirus of the Parvoviridae family, and is an emerging human pathogenic respiratory virus. In vitro, HBoV1 infects well-differentiated/polarized primary human airway epithelium (HAE) cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI). Although it is well known that auto...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Deng X,Yan Z,Cheng F,Engelhardt JF,Qiu J

更新日期：2016-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The process by which drug-resistant HIV-1 arises and spreads spatially within an infected individual is poorly understood. Studies have found variable results relating how HIV-1 in the blood differs from virus sampled in tissues, offering conflicting findings about whether HIV-1 throughout the body is homogeneously di...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Feder AF,Kline C,Polacino P,Cottrell M,Kashuba ADM,Keele BF,Hu SL,Petrov DA,Pennings PS,Ambrose Z

更新日期：2017-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that the Mycobacterium tuberculosis universal stress protein Rv2623 regulates mycobacterial growth and may be required for the establishment of tuberculous persistence. Here, yeast two-hybrid and affinity chromatography experiments have demonstrated that Rv2623 interacts with one of the two fo...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Glass LN,Swapna G,Chavadi SS,Tufariello JM,Mi K,Drumm JE,Lam TT,Zhu G,Zhan C,Vilchéze C,Arcos J,Chen Y,Bi L,Mehta S,Porcelli SA,Almo SC,Yeh SR,Jacobs WR Jr,Torrelles JB,Chan J

更新日期：2017-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenoviral vectors have shown significant promise as vaccine delivery vectors due to their ability to elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses. α-defensins are effector molecules of the innate immune response and have been shown to modulate natural infection with adenoviruses, but the majority of α-defensin-ad...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Tartaglia LJ,Badamchi-Zadeh A,Abbink P,Blass E,Aid M,Gebre MS,Li Z,Pastores KC,Trott S,Gupte S,Larocca RA,Barouch DH

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The inability of sodium antimony gluconate (SAG)-unresponsive kala-azar patients to clear Leishmania donovani (LD) infection despite SAG therapy is partly due to an ill-defined immune-dysfunction. Since dendritic cells (DCs) typically initiate anti-leishmanial immunity, a role for DCs in aberrant LD clearance was inve...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Haldar AK,Yadav V,Singhal E,Bisht KK,Singh A,Bhaumik S,Basu R,Sen P,Roy S

更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 30 years, Zaire and Sudan ebolaviruses have been responsible for large hemorrhagic fever (HF) outbreaks with case fatalities ranging from 53% to 90%, while a third species, Côte d'Ivoire ebolavirus, caused a single non-fatal HF case. In November 2007, HF cases were reported in Bundibugyo District, Wester...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Towner JS,Sealy TK,Khristova ML,Albariño CG,Conlan S,Reeder SA,Quan PL,Lipkin WI,Downing R,Tappero JW,Okware S,Lutwama J,Bakamutumaho B,Kayiwa J,Comer JA,Rollin PE,Ksiazek TG,Nichol ST

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Competence stimulating peptide (CSP) is a 17-amino acid peptide pheromone secreted by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Upon binding of CSP to its membrane-associated receptor kinase ComD, a cascade of signaling events is initiated, leading to activation of the competence regulon by the response regulator ComE. Genes encoding...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Zhu L,Lau GW

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The N-terminal domains of the herpesvirus large tegument proteins encode a conserved cysteine protease with ubiquitin- and NEDD8-specific deconjugase activity. The proteins are expressed during the productive virus cycle and are incorporated into infectious virus particles, being delivered to the target cells upon pri...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Gupta S,Ylä-Anttila P,Callegari S,Tsai MH,Delecluse HJ,Masucci MG

更新日期：2018-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the major candidate phylum Dependentiae (a.k.a. TM6) are widespread across diverse environments from showerheads to peat bogs; yet, with the exception of two isolates infecting amoebae, they are only known from metagenomic data. The limited knowledge of their biology indicates that they have a long evolutio...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Deeg CM,Zimmer MM,George EE,Husnik F,Keeling PJ,Suttle CA

更新日期：2019-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Next to the two-component and quorum sensing systems, cell-surface signaling (CSS) has been recently identified as an important regulatory system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CSS systems sense signals from outside the cell and transmit them into the cytoplasm. They generally consist of a TonB-dependent outer membrane re...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Llamas MA,van der Sar A,Chu BC,Sparrius M,Vogel HJ,Bitter W

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human herpesviruses are antigenically rich agents that induce strong CD8+T cell responses in primary infection yet persist for life, continually challenging T cell memory through recurrent lytic replication and potentially influencing the spectrum of antigen-specific responses. Here we describe the first lytic proteom...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Forrest C,Hislop AD,Rickinson AB,Zuo J

更新日期：2018-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV Nef acts as an anti-autophagic maturation factor through interaction with beclin-1 (BECN1). We report that exposure of macrophages to infectious or non-infectious purified HIV induces toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) and BECN1 dependent dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of TFEB and that this correlates with a...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Campbell GR,Rawat P,Bruckman RS,Spector SA

更新日期：2015-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthrax poses a community health risk due to accidental or intentional aerosol release. Reliable quantitative dose-response analyses are required to estimate the magnitude and timeline of potential consequences and the effect of public health intervention strategies under specific scenarios. Analyses of available data...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Toth DJ,Gundlapalli AV,Schell WA,Bulmahn K,Walton TE,Woods CW,Coghill C,Gallegos F,Samore MH,Adler FR

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The MHC class I D(k) molecule supplies vital host resistance during murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. Natural killer (NK) cells expressing the Ly49G2 inhibitory receptor, which specifically binds D(k), are required to control viral spread. The extent of D(k)-dependent host resistance, however, differs significa...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Gillespie AL,Teoh J,Lee H,Prince J,Stadnisky MD,Anderson M,Nash W,Rival C,Wei H,Gamache A,Farber CR,Tung K,Brown MG

更新日期：2016-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfold (M) cell host-pathogen interaction studies would benefit from the visual analysis of dynamic cellular and microbial interplays. We adapted a human in vitro M cell model to physiological bacterial infections, expression of fluorescent localization reporters and long-term three-dimensional time-lapse microscop...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Rey C,Chang YY,Latour-Lambert P,Varet H,Proux C,Legendre R,Coppée JY,Enninga J

更新日期：2020-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Amebiasis is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica (Eh), a potentially fatal disease occurring mainly in developing countries. How Eh interacts with innate host factors in the gut is poorly understood. Eh resides and feed in/on the outer colonic mucus layer and thus share an ecological niche with indi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Leon-Coria A,Kumar M,Moreau F,Chadee K

更新日期：2018-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite a high current standard of care in antiretroviral therapy for HIV, multidrug-resistant strains continue to emerge, underscoring the need for additional novel mechanism inhibitors that will offer expanded therapeutic options in the clinic. We report a new class of small molecule antiretroviral compounds that di...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Blair WS,Pickford C,Irving SL,Brown DG,Anderson M,Bazin R,Cao J,Ciaramella G,Isaacson J,Jackson L,Hunt R,Kjerrstrom A,Nieman JA,Patick AK,Perros M,Scott AD,Whitby K,Wu H,Butler SL

更新日期：2010-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-component signal transduction systems (TCS) are used by bacteria to sense and respond to their environment. TCS are typically composed of a sensor histidine kinase (HK) and a response regulator (RR). The Vibrio cholerae genome encodes 52 RR, but the role of these RRs in V. cholerae pathogenesis is largely unknown....

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Cheng AT,Ottemann KM,Yildiz FH

更新日期：2015-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Eliciting broad tier 2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) is a major goal of HIV-1 vaccine research. Here we investigated the ability of native, membrane-expressed JR-FL Env trimers to elicit nAbs. Unusually potent nAb titers developed in 2 of 8 rabbits immunized with virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing trimers (trimer...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Crooks ET,Tong T,Chakrabarti B,Narayan K,Georgiev IS,Menis S,Huang X,Kulp D,Osawa K,Muranaka J,Stewart-Jones G,Destefano J,O'Dell S,LaBranche C,Robinson JE,Montefiori DC,McKee K,Du SX,Doria-Rose N,Kwong PD,Mascola

更新日期：2015-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A striking feature of human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is chronic inflammation in the spleen and liver, and VL patients present increased production levels of multiple inflammatory mediators, which contribute to tissue damage and disease severity. Here, we combined an experimental model with the transcriptional profi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Sacramento LA,Benevides L,Maruyama SR,Tavares L,Fukutani KF,Francozo M,Sparwasser T,Cunha FQ,Almeida RP,da Silva JS,Carregaro V

更新日期：2020-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Control of virus infection is mediated in part by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class Ia presentation of viral peptides to conventional CD8 T cells. Although important, the absolute requirement for MHC Class Ia-dependent CD8 T cells for control of chronic virus infection has not been formally demonstrated. We...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Braaten DC,McClellan JS,Messaoudi I,Tibbetts SA,McClellan KB,Nikolich-Zugich J,Virgin HW

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00