Costimulatory pathways in transplantation.

Abstract:

:Secondary, so-called costimulatory, signals are critically required for the process of T cell activation. Since landmark studies defined that T cells receiving a T cell receptor signal without a costimulatory signal, are tolerized in vitro, the investigation of T cell costimulation has attracted intense interest. Early studies demonstrated that interrupting T cell costimulation allows attenuation of the alloresponse, which is particularly difficult to modulate due to the clone size of alloreactive T cells. The understanding of costimulation has since evolved substantially and now encompasses not only positive signals involved in T cell activation but also negative signals inhibiting T cell activation and promoting T cell tolerance. Costimulation blockade has been used effectively for the induction of tolerance in rodent models of transplantation, but turned out to be less potent in large animals and humans. In this overview we will discuss the evolution of the concept of T cell costimulation, the potential of 'classical' and newly identified costimulation pathways as therapeutic targets for organ transplantation as well as progress towards clinical application of the first costimulation blocking compound.

journal_name

Semin Immunol

journal_title

Seminars in immunology

authors

Pilat N,Sayegh MH,Wekerle T

doi

10.1016/j.smim.2011.04.002

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-08-01 00:00:00

pages

293-303

issue

4

eissn

1044-5323

issn

1096-3618

pii

S1044-5323(11)00047-9

journal_volume

23

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Humoral immune response and B-cell functions including immunoglobulin class switch are downregulated in aged mice and humans.

    abstract::Vaccinations are powerful tools for combating infections. Because of the age-related impairment in immune functions, the currently available vaccines are protecting only a small proportion of the elderly population. We, here, provide an overview of age-related changes in innate and adaptive immunity with particular em...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2005.05.005

    authors: Frasca D,Riley RL,Blomberg BB

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Molecular aspects of regulatory T cell development.

    abstract::Naturally arising CD4(+) regulatory T cells are critical mediators of peripheral self tolerance and immune homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that these cells are a dedicated T cell lineage constitutively acting in a dominant, cell extrinsic manner to regulate immune function. These observations are driving a ree...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2003.12.002

    authors: Fontenot JD,Rudensky AY

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Chemokine biology in cancer.

    abstract::Many human cancers possess a complex chemokine network that may influence the extent and phenotype of the leukocyte infiltrate, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth, survival and migration. Restricted expression of chemokine receptors on leukocytes may allow concise control of cell movement and retention at the tumor site....

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s1044-5323(02)00127-6

    authors: Balkwill F

    更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00

  • Oral tolerance.

    abstract::The ability of the mucosal immune system to distinguish between harmful and harmless antigens is essential for mounting protective immune responses and preventing the induction of mucosal pathology yet the basis for this remains unclear. As fed antigen can also exert systemic effects understanding oral tolerance and p...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.2001.0310

    authors: Garside P,Mowat AM

    更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00

  • The complement system and adaptive immunity.

    abstract::The complement system covalently attaches C3d to microbial antigens which binds to CR2 on B lymphocytes, leading to a markedly enhanced adaptive immune response to that antigen. The enhancement is mediated by the cross-linking of the CR2-CD19 complex to mIg which augments the activation of several intracellular signal...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0137

    authors: Fearon DT

    更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00

  • Alarmins of the extracellular space.

    abstract::The ability of the immune system to discriminate between healthy-self, abnormal-self, and non-self has been attributed mainly to alarmins signaling as "danger signals". It is now evident, however, that alarmins are much more complex and can perform specialized functions that can regulate a wide spectrum of processes r...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2018.08.004

    authors: Dziki JL,Hussey G,Badylak SF

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Orchestration of pulmonary T cell immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: immunity interruptus.

    abstract::Despite the introduction almost a century ago of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG), an attenuated form of M. bovis that is used as a vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis remains a global health threat and kills more than 1.5 million people each year. This is mostly because BCG fails to prevent pulmonar...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2014.09.003

    authors: Behar SM,Carpenter SM,Booty MG,Barber DL,Jayaraman P

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • The importance of lymphocyte trafficking in regulating blood lymphocyte levels during HIV and SIV infections.

    abstract::In humans, blood is commonly monitored to provide surrogates of disease progression and assess immune status. However, the varied, rapid and atypical alterations in lymphocyte subsets which may occur in blood in response to pathogens, are not predictive of changes in the bulk of the immune system. A hallmark of human ...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1999.0169

    authors: Rosenberg YJ,Janossy G

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • The generation and fate of thymocytes.

    abstract::In the adult thymus the majority of thymocytes are at a non-proliferating end stage, during which 3% of all CD4+CD8+ cortical thymocytes are selected on the basis of appropriate T-cell antigen-receptor (TcR) specificity to become CD4-CD8+ or CD4+CD8- mature thymocytes. The selected mature cells gradually emigrate to t...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Shortman K,Egerton M,Spangrude GJ,Scollay R

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Involvement of SLP-65 and Btk in tumor suppression and malignant transformation of pre-B cells.

    abstract::Signals from the precursor-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) are essential for selection and clonal expansion of pre-B cells that have performed productive immunoglobulin heavy chain V(D)J recombination. In the mouse, the downstream signaling molecules SLP-65 and Btk cooperate to limit proliferation and induce differentiation...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2005.10.002

    authors: Hendriks RW,Kersseboom R

    更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00

  • Heat shock proteins as antigens for gamma delta T cells.

    abstract::Recently, there have been a number of reports that gamma delta T cells are stimulated by heat shock, or stress, proteins. Although some alpha beta T cells are capable of recognizing heat shock proteins, we speculate that most or a group of gamma delta cells generally recognize this type of antigen. Recognition of heat...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: O'Brien RL,Born W

    更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00

  • The end-joining reaction in V(D)J recombination.

    abstract::V(D)J recombination consists of a DNA cleavage reaction catalysed by RAG1 and RAG2, followed by an end-joining reaction that utilizes the cell's double-strand break repair machinery. Genes essential for the end-joining reaction include: XRCC4 encoding a protein of unknown enzymatic function; XRCC5 and XRCC6 encoding 8...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1997.0070

    authors: Smider V,Chu G

    更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00

  • Tolerogenic dendritic cells and their role in transplantation.

    abstract::The pursuit of clinical transplant tolerance has led to enhanced understanding of mechanisms underlying immune regulation, including the characterization of immune regulatory cells, in particular antigen-presenting cells (APC) and regulatory T cells (Treg), that may play key roles in promoting operational tolerance. D...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.06.007

    authors: Ezzelarab M,Thomson AW

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • The epigenetics of inflammaging: The contribution of age-related heterochromatin loss and locus-specific remodelling and the modulation by environmental stimuli.

    abstract::A growing amount of evidences indicates that inflammaging - the chronic, low grade inflammation state characteristic of the elderly - is the result of genetic as well as environmental or stochastic factors. Some of these, such as the accumulation of senescent cells that are persistent during aging or accompany its pro...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2018.10.009

    authors: Nardini C,Moreau JF,Gensous N,Ravaioli F,Garagnani P,Bacalini MG

    更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00

  • Tissular T(regs): a unique population of adipose-tissue-resident Foxp3+CD4+ T cells that impacts organismal metabolism.

    abstract::Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T (T(reg)) cells are a key population in controlling the immune response. Recently, their roles have been expanded to broader, non-immune, contexts, in particular the metabolic consequences downstream of obesity-induced inflammation, e.g. type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review hi...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.06.002

    authors: Cipolletta D,Kolodin D,Benoist C,Mathis D

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • Ectodysplasin research--where to next?

    abstract::Ectodysplasin (Eda) is the most studied tumor necrosis ligand in the field of developmental biology. In all vertebrates studied so far, inactivating germline mutations in Eda lead to the genetic disease called hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED). In humans, HED is a life-threatening condition in particular in infa...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2014.05.002

    authors: Lefebvre S,Mikkola ML

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Abl tyrosine protein kinase.

    abstract::Mammalian c-Abl belongs to an evolutionary conserved family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. It is distributed both in the cytoplasm in association with F-actin, and in the nucleus where it binds chromatin. The normal function of c-Abl is poorly understood. Nevertheless, there has been rapid progress in the character...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1995.0030

    authors: Laneuville P

    更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00

  • Immunology 101 at poxvirus U: immune evasion genes.

    abstract::Poxviruses, unlike some other large DNA viruses, do not undergo a latent stage but rely on the expression of viral proteins to evade host immune responses. Of the many poxviral evasion genes identified, most target cytokines or other innate immune defenses. Resistance to interferons appears to be a priority as there a...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.2000.0296

    authors: Moss B,Shisler JL

    更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00

  • Hematopoiesis and models of immunodeficiency.

    abstract::This review focuses on recessive mutations at three loci whose gene products play critical roles in the development and regulation of the murine immune system. These mutations are: severe combined immunodeficiency (scid), osteopetrosis (op), and motheaten (me). The scid mutation blocks differentiation of functional T ...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Shultz LD

    更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00

  • Cytotoxic mechanisms of immunotherapy: Harnessing complement in the action of anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies.

    abstract::Several mAbs that have been approved for the treatment of cancer make use of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to eliminate tumor cells. Comprehensive investigations, based on in vitro studies, mouse models and analyses of patient blood samples after mAb treatment have provided key insights into the details of i...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2016.03.003

    authors: Taylor RP,Lindorfer MA

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Humoral immunity and antibody-mediated rejection in solid organ transplantation.

    abstract::The humoral arm of the immune system provides robust protection against extracellular pathogens via the production of antibody molecules that neutralize or facilitate the destruction of microorganisms. However, the humoral immune system also provides a significant barrier to solid organ transplantation due to the anti...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.08.021

    authors: Montgomery RA,Cozzi E,West LJ,Warren DS

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Antigen unfolding and disulfide reduction in antigen presenting cells.

    abstract::CD4+ helper T cells recognize short peptides stably associated with class II MHC molecules displayed on the surface of antigen presenting cells. Very little is known about the sequence of events that lead to the generation of these peptides from protein antigens. It is likely that native proteins must partially unfold...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1995.0039

    authors: Jensen PE

    更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00

  • B-lymphoid potential in pre-liver mouse embryo.

    abstract::Increasing interest in the initial steps of hemopoiesis in the embryo is prompted by the lack of information about the primordial origin and the nature of hemopoietic stem cells. It appears critical to understand the emergence, diversification and differentiation potential of hemopoietic cells in the preliver embryo. ...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/1044-5323(95)90041-1

    authors: Godin I,Dieterlen-Lièvre F,Cumano A

    更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00

  • Development of autoantibody signatures for common cancers.

    abstract::A humoral immune response in the form of autoantibodies to tumor antigens occurs early during tumor development. Identification of antigens that induce an autoantibody response restricted to a cancer type has the potential to yield markers useful for early detection. A multitude of strategies are currently available f...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2020.101388

    authors: Kobayashi M,Katayama H,Fahrmann JF,Hanash SM

    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • Specificity in cancer immunotherapy.

    abstract::From the earliest days in the field of tumor immunology three questions have been asked: do cancer cells express tumor-specific antigens, does the immune system recognize these antigens and if so, what is their biochemical nature? We now know that truly tumor-specific antigens exist, that they are caused by somatic mu...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2008.07.001

    authors: Schietinger A,Philip M,Schreiber H

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • PTX3 as a paradigm for the interaction of pentraxins with the complement system.

    abstract::Pentraxins are highly conserved components of the humoral arm of innate immunity. They include the short pentraxins C reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), and the long pentraxin PTX3. These are soluble pattern-recognition molecules that are present in the blood and body fluids, and share the abi...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2013.05.002

    authors: Inforzato A,Doni A,Barajon I,Leone R,Garlanda C,Bottazzi B,Mantovani A

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • On the stochastic regulation of interleukin-2 transcription.

    abstract::Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a growth and differentiation factor critical for clonal T cell expansion and function. Produced exclusively in T cells, IL-2 transcription and synthesis occurs only after appropriate cellular activation via the clonotypic antigen-receptor and co-stimulatory molecules. IL-2 gene expression is in...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1999.0192

    authors: Holländer GA

    更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00

  • Chemokines in rapid leukocyte adhesion triggering and migration.

    abstract::Leukocyte subsets are recruited from the blood to lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues via a multi-step process that involves distinct adhesive and activation steps. Chemokines, a family of chemotactic cytokines that signal through G-protein-coupled receptors, play critical roles in regulating the leukocyte recruitment c...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.2001.0345

    authors: Johnston B,Butcher EC

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • The role of E-proteins in B- and T-lymphocyte development.

    abstract::Department of lymphocytes from hematopoietic stem cells is controlled, in part, by the activity of transcriptional regulatory proteins. In particular, one class of helix-loop-helix proteins, termed E-proteins, have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression during B-cell development. Recent analysis of gene-...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0116

    authors: Bain G,Murre C

    更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00

  • The innate immune system in transplantation.

    abstract::The vertebrate innate immune system consists of inflammatory cells and soluble mediators that comprise the first line of defense against microbial infection and, importantly, trigger antigen-specific T and B cell responses that lead to lasting immunity. The molecular mechanisms responsible for microbial non-self recog...

    journal_title:Seminars in immunology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.06.006

    authors: Oberbarnscheidt MH,Zecher D,Lakkis FG

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00