N-benzoylated phenoxazines and phenothiazines: synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and inhibition of tubulin polymerization.

Abstract:

:A total of 53 N-benzoylated phenoxazines and phenothiazines, including their S-oxidized analogues, were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity, interaction with tubulin, and cell cycle effects. Potent inhibitors of multiple cancer cell lines emerged with the 10-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-10H-phenoxazine-3-carbonitrile (33b, IC(50) values in the range of 2-15 nM) and the isovanillic analogue 33c. Seventeen compounds strongly inhibited tubulin polymerization with activities higher than or comparable to those of the reference compounds such as colchicine. Concentration-dependent flow cytometric studies revealed that inhibition of K562 cell growth was associated with an arrest in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle, indicative of mitotic blockade. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that best potencies were obtained with agents bearing a methoxy group placed para at the terminal phenyl ring and a 3-cyano group in the phenoxazine. A series of analogues highlight not only the phenoxazine but also the phenothiazine structural scaffold as valuable pharmacophores for potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors, worthy of further investigation.

journal_name

J Med Chem

authors

Prinz H,Chamasmani B,Vogel K,Böhm KJ,Aicher B,Gerlach M,Günther EG,Amon P,Ivanov I,Müller K

doi

10.1021/jm200436t

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-06-23 00:00:00

pages

4247-63

issue

12

eissn

0022-2623

issn

1520-4804

journal_volume

54

pub_type

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