Rationale and design of a trial on the role of bosentan in Fontan patients: improvement of exercise capacity?

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The Fontan circulation is a palliative procedure performed in patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), making transpulmonary blood flow dependent on the systemic venous pressure. In a Fontan circulation a low pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is crucial, as is epitomized by the observation that a high PVR is a strong predictor of mortality. Long-term follow-up has shown that PVR may rise many years after the Fontan procedure has been performed, possibly due to micro-emboli from a dilated right atrium or from the venous system. Other mechanisms of increased PVR might be aging, obstructed airways caused by lymphatic dysfunction, lack of pulsatile pulmonary flow causing a release of endothelium-derived vasoactive molecules, and prolonged overexpression of vasoconstrictors such as endothelin-1. Mean plasma level of endothelin-1 has been shown to be significantly higher in Fontan patients compared to healthy controls. In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), therapy with bosentan, an endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, has demonstrated to improve exercise capacity and to reduce the elevated PVR. In addition, reduction of PVR is shown early and late after the Fontan procedure on treatment with exogenous NO, another advanced PAH therapy. However, the long term effect of reducing the PVR by bosentan treatment on exercise capacity in Fontan patients is still unknown. METHODS:We designed a prospective, multicenter, randomized open label trial to study the effect of bosentan in Fontan patients. The primary endpoint will be the change in maximum exercise capacity (peak V'O2). CONCLUSION:We hypothesize that treatment with bosentan, an endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, improves maximum exercise capacity and functional capacity in adult Fontan patients.

journal_name

Contemp Clin Trials

authors

Schuuring MJ,Vis JC,Bouma BJ,van Dijk AP,van Melle JP,Pieper PG,Vliegen HW,Sieswerda GT,Mulder BJ

doi

10.1016/j.cct.2011.04.001

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-07-01 00:00:00

pages

586-91

issue

4

eissn

1551-7144

issn

1559-2030

pii

S1551-7144(11)00091-7

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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