Abstract:
:Inducible cat and erm genes are regulated by translational attenuation. In this regulatory model, gene activation results from chloramphenicol- or erythromycin-dependent stalling of a ribosome at a precise site in the leader region of cat or erm transcripts. The stalled ribosome is believed to destabilize a downstream region of RNA secondary structure that sequesters the ribosome-binding site for the cat or erm coding sequence. Here we show that the ribosome stall sites in cat and erm leader mRNAs, designated crb and erb, respectively, are largely complementary to an internal sequence in 16S rRNA of Bacillus subtilis. A tetracycline resistance gene that is likely regulated by translational attenuation also contains a sequence in its leader mRNA, trb, which is complementary to a sequence in 16S rRNA that overlaps with the crb and erb complements. An in vivo assay is described which is designed to test whether 16S rRNA of a translating ribosome can interact with the crb sequence in mRNA in an inducer-dependent reaction. The assay compares the growth rate of cells expressing crb-86 with the growth rate of cells lacking crb-86 in the presence of subinhibitory levels of inducers of cat-86, chloramphenicol, fluorothiamphenicol, amicetin, or erythromycin. Under these conditions, crb-86 retarded growth. Deletion of the crb-86 sequence, insertion of ochre mutations into crb-86, or synonymous codon changes in crb-86 that decreased its complementarity with 16S rRNA all eliminated from detection inducer-dependent growth retardation. Lincomycin, a ribosomally targeted antibiotic that is not an inducer of cat-86, failed to selectively retard the growth of cells expressing crb-86. We suggest that cat-86 inducers enable the crb-86 sequence in mRNA to base pair with 16S rRNA of translating ribosome. When the base pairing is extensive, as with crb-86, ribosomes become transiently trapped on crb and are temporarily withdrawn from protein synthesis to the extent that growth rate declines. Site-specific positioning of an antibiotic-stalled ribosome is a hallmark of the translational attenuation model. The proposed rRNA-mRNA interaction may precisely position the ribosome on the stall site and perhaps contributes to stabilizing the ribosome leader mRNA complex.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Rogers EJ,Ambulos NP Jr,Lovett PSdoi
10.1128/jb.172.11.6282-6290.1990subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-11-01 00:00:00pages
6282-90issue
11eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
172pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 constitutive for fatty acid degradation (fadR) showed an increased rate of utilization of exogenous acetate. Acetate transport, oxidation, and incorporation into macromolecules was approximately fivefold greater in fadR mutants than fadR+ strains during growth on succinate as a carbon ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.148.1.83-90.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colicin E2 immunity (ceiB) and lysis (celB) genes of colicin plasmid ColE2-P9 were cloned as a 900-base-pair insert under the control of the lac promoter in high-copy-number plasmid pUR222. Hosts carrying this plasmid were immune to colicin E2, produced increased amounts of immunity protein (molecular weight, 9,00...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.156.1.109-114.1983
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Howard, Dexter H. (University of California, Los Angeles). Intracellular behavior of Histoplasma capsulatum. J. Bacteriol. 87:33-38. 1964.-The tinctorial characteristics and intracellular generation time of Histoplasma capsulatum within mouse histiocytes maintained in tissue culture were studied. The appearance of via...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.87.1.33-38.1964
更新日期:1964-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli AT2046 has been shown previously to lack the enzyme serine transhydroxymethylase and to require exogenous glycine for growth as a consequence. Strains JEV73 and JEV73R, mutants derived from strain AT2046, are shown here to be serine transhydroxymethylase deficient, but able to derive their glycine fro...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.122.3.810-817.1975
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The smallest viable cell of Spiroplasma citri is a two-turn helix (elementary helix). This elementary helix grows into longer parental cells, which then divide by constriction. The helical morphology is conserved during this process. The growth pattern of S. citri membranes has been investigated by different methods o...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.158.1.23-28.1984
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetics of antibiotic resistance in mutant strains of Streptococcus pyrogenes was studied. Utilizing a type 6 strain (9440) primarily resistant to strepttomycin (Strr), classes of mutant strains were isolated that were resistant to one of the following antibiotics: rifampin (Rifr), erythromycin (Eryr), thiostrept...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.133.2.852-859.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lactose-H+ symport protein (LacS) of Streptococcus thermophilus has a carboxyl-terminal regulatory domain (IIALacS) that is homologous to a family of proteins and protein domains of the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) in various organisms, of which IIAGlc of Escherichia coli is the...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.2.632-641.1999
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::mRNA levels from the bop (bacterio-opsin), brp (bacterio-opsin-related protein), and bat (bacterio-opsin activator) genes in wild-type Halobacterium halobium and two bacteriorhodopsin-overproducing mutants (ET1001 and II-7) were quantitated under conditions in which oxygen levels were steadily depleted and then cultur...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.6.1655-1660.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs known to interrupt the chain of protein synthesis (streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ethidium bromide) appeared to affect production of the group D lysin by Streptococcus zymogenes by inhibiting growth. Drugs which block cell wall synthesis (vancomycin, bacitracin, d-cycloserine, and phosphonomycin) inhibited lytic...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.108.2.844-848.1971
更新日期:1971-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus subtilis OhrR is the prototype for the one-Cys family of organic peroxide-sensing regulatory proteins. Mutational analyses indicate that the high sensitivity of the active site cysteine (C15) to peroxidation requires three Tyr residues. Y29 and Y40 from the opposing subunit of the functional dimer hydrogen bo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00879-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nitrogenase proteins from eight organisms have been highly purified, and a survey of their cross-reactions shows that the nitrogenase proteins from a wide variety of organisms can interact with one another. An active cross-reaction is the complementary functioning of the MoFe protein and the Fe protein from differ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.134.3.936-943.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that narL+ is required for nitrate induction of nitrate reductase synthesis and for nitrate inhibition of fumarate reductase synthesis in Escherichia coli. We cloned narL on a 5.1-kilobase HindIII fragment. Our clone also contained a previously unidentified gene, which we propose to designa...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.4.1589-1597.1988
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protoplasts of Bacillus megaterium readily reverted to bacillary form in liquid media and when plated in a soft-agar layer onto the surface of appropriate agar media. Three phases of the reversion sequence could be differentiated by phase contrast microscopy: (i) increase in size of the individual protoplasts, (ii) no...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.125.3.1172-1179.1976
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyridine nucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase activity (GPND) is described for the first time in cell-free extracts of certain blue-green algae. When glucose is added to these crude cell extracts, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate is reduced at twice the rate as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; but e...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.114.1.28-33.1973
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations took up plasmid DNA. Li+, Cs+, Rb+, K+, and Na+ were effective in inducing competence. Conditions for the transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D13-1A with plasmid YRp7 were studied in detail with CsCl. The optimum incubation time was 1 h, and the optimum cell concen...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.153.1.163-168.1983
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decreased intracellular levels of FtsH, a membrane-bound ATPase, led to retardation of growth and protein export, as well as to an abnormal translocation of alkaline phosphatase that had been attached to a cytoplasmic domain of a multispanning membrane protein, SecY. The last phenotype is designated Std (stop transfer...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.4.1141-1145.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flac mutants have been isolated in Escherichia coli K-12 which carry dominant mutations resulting in insensitivity to transfer inhibition by the Fin(+) I-like plasmid R62. These mutants were still sensitive to transfer inhibition by the fin(+) F-like plasmid R100 and, conversely, FlactraO(-) and traP(-) mutants, which...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.120.1.101-105.1974
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia spp. exhibit a unique biphasic developmental cycle whereby infectious elementary bodies (EBs) invade host epithelial cells and differentiate into noninfectious, metabolically active reticulate bodies (RBs). EBs posses a unique outer envelope where rigidity is achieved by disulfide bonding among cysteine-rich...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.05163-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two separate genes (APT1 and APT2) that encode two potentially different forms of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT). However, genetic analysis indicated that only APT1 could code for a complementing activity. Cloning and expression of both the APT1 and APT2 genes in Escher...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.1.347-352.1999
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In streptomycete anthracycline biosynthetic gene clusters, small open reading frames are located just upstream of minimal polyketide synthase genes. aknX is such a gene found in the aklavinone-aclacinomycin biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces galilaeus. In order to identify its function, the aknX gene was expres...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.22.6115-6122.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study shows that sequential introduction of drug resistance mutations substantially increased enzyme production in Paenibacillus agaridevorans The triple mutant YT478 (rsmG Gln225→stop codon, rpsL K56R, and rpoB R485H), generated by screening for resistance to streptomycin and rifampin, expressed a 1,100-fold-lar...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00188-18
更新日期:2018-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The thermosensitive growth phenotype exerted by runaway-mutant plasmids was suppressed by sublethal doses of the DNA gyrase inhibitors novobiocin or nalidixic acid, although the latter drug was less efficient. A novobiocin-resistant gyrB mutant Escherichia coli strain prevented expression of the runaway phenotype at 3...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.162.2.855-857.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The O antigen is an important cell wall antigen of gram-negative bacteria, and the genes responsible for its biosynthesis are located in a gene cluster. We have cloned and sequenced the DNA segment unique to the O-antigen gene cluster of Salmonella enterica group D3. This segment includes a novel O-antigen polymerase ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.4.1002-1007.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of flagellar assembly in Salmonella typhimurium was investigated by using temperature-sensitive mutants. The mutants were grown at the restrictive temperature and then at the permissive temperature, with radiolabel supplied in the first phase of the experiment and not the second, or vice versa. Flagellar h...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.3.1327-1339.1990
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four independent phosphate starvation-inducible (psi) transcriptional fusions made with Mu d1(lacZbla) were analyzed by sequencing the psi::lacZ(Mu d1) chromosomal junctions by using DNAs amplified with the polymerase chain reaction or mini-Mu cloning. Our DNA sequence analysis showed that the MuR DNA in Mu d1 ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.6.3191-3200.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glnB gene from Bradyrhizobium japonicum, the endosymbiont of soybeans (Glycine max), was isolated and sequenced, and its expression was examined under various culture conditions and in soybean nodules. The B. japonicum glnB gene encodes a 12,237-dalton polypeptide that is highly homologous to the glnB gene product...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.10.5638-5645.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cell surfaces of several Lactobacillus species are covered by a regular layer composed of a single species of protein, the S-protein. The 43-kDa S-protein of the neotype strain Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, which originated from the pharynx of a human, was purified. Antibodies generated against purified S-p...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.19.6089-6096.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spectinomycin-resistant (Spcr) mutants of Escherichia coli were isolated from nutrient agar plates containing 20% sucrose and 100 mug of spectinomycin per ml. About one-third of the Spcr mutants thus obtained were sucrose dependent (Sucd) and were classified into two types: I, those unable to grow on sucrose-free medi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.125.1.142-148.1976
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yersinia enterocolitica transports YscM1 and YscM2 via the type III pathway, a mechanism that is required for the establishment of bacterial infections. Prior to host cell contact, YscM1 and YscM2 exert posttranscriptional regulation to inhibit expression of effector yop genes, which encode virulence factors that trav...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.186.3.829-841.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PmrA/PmrB two-component system encoded by the pmrCAB operon regulates the modification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lipopolysaccharide leading to polymyxin B resistance. PmrA and PhoP are the only known activators of pmrCAB. A transposon mutagenesis screen for additional regulators of a pmrC::MudJ fu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.188.1.141-149.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00