Abstract:
:The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) test for assessing the tuberculocidal activity of disinfectants has been shown to be variable. A modified AOAC test, which substituted Middlebrook 7H9 broth as the primary subculture medium and used neutralization by dilution, was compared with the standard AOAC method to assess the mycobactericidal activity of three glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants at 20 degrees C and various exposure times. These changes had a marked effect on results, with the modified AOAC test providing more positive penicylinders per 10 replicates in 12 of the 13 comparisons that provided positive results. These differences were observed with both Mycobacterium bovis (ATCC 35743) and a clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The effects of various exposure times to and dilutions of the glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants were also examined. The minimum exposure time needed to inactivate reliably M. bovis or M. tuberculosis with 2% glutaraldehyde was 20 min at 20 degrees C. Diluting 2% glutaraldehyde caused a significant decline in mycobactericidal activity. Modification of the standard AOAC test to improve its sensitivity in detecting the failure of disinfectants to inactivate mycobacteria is indicated.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Cole EC,Rutala WA,Nessen L,Wannamaker NS,Weber DJdoi
10.1128/AEM.56.6.1813-1817.1990subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
1813-7issue
6eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Resting cells of Micrococcus luteus have been shown to remove strontium (Sr) from dilute aqueous solutions of SrCl(2) at pH 7. Loadings of 25 mg of Sr per g of cell dry weight were achieved by cells exposed to a solution containing 50 ppm (mg/liter) of Sr. Sr binding occurred in the absence of nutrients and did not re...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.12.3649-3656.1990
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria that produce inhibitory compounds on the surface of marine algae are thought to contribute to the defense of the host plant against colonization of fouling organisms. However, the number of bacterial cells necessary to defend against fouling on the plant surface is not known. Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and Ph...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01543-07
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas oleovorans grows on C(6) to C(12)n-alkanes and 1-alkenes. These substrates are oxidized to the corresponding fatty acids, which are oxidized further via the beta-oxidation pathway, yielding shorter fatty acids which have lost one or more C(2) units. P. oleovorans normally utilizes beta-oxidation pathway in...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.12.2924-2932.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A separation procedure for the analysis of the enzyme components of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima involved in cellulose and xylan degradation was developed. Resolution of the enzymes was achieved by a combination of fast protein liquid chromatography anion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.4.1399-1407.1995
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaerobic degradation of 2-methylnaphthalene was investigated with a sulfate-reducing enrichment culture. Metabolite analyses revealed two groups of degradation products. The first group comprised two succinic acid adducts which were identified as naphthyl-2-methyl-succinic acid and naphthyl-2-methylene-succinic acid ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.12.5329-5333.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to identify genes in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2 important for adsorption of the 936-species phages bIL170 and phi 645, respectively. Random insertional mutagenesis of the two L. lactis strains was carried out with the vector pGh9:ISS1, an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.10.5825-5832.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify genes that are important for class IIa bacteriocin interaction and resistance in Listeria species, transposon Tn917 knockout libraries were constructed for Listeria innocua strain Lin11 and screened for mutants that are resistant to pediocin AcH. A highly resistant mutant (G7) (MIC > 20 microg/ml; 1,000-fo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.3.1283-1290.2005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen associated with consumption of raw oysters. During the colder months the organism apparently enters a viable but nonculturable state and thus cannot be cultured by ordinary bacteriological methods. For this reason, another means of detecting this bacterium is necessary. In the pre...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.9.2651-2655.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organically raised swine had high fecal populations of chlortetracycline (CTC)-resistant (growing at 64 μg CTC/ml) Escherichia coli, Megasphaera elsdenii, and anaerobic bacteria. By comparison, CTC-resistant bacteria in feral swine feces were over 1,000-fold fewer and exhibited lower taxonomic diversity. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00688-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory column studies were conducted at the Utah Water Research Laboratory, Logan, Utah, to evaluate reovirus removal from drinking water supplies by slow-rate sand filtration (SSF). Columns, constructed to simulate a full-scale SSF field operation, were inoculated with reovirus at ca. 1,000-times-greater concentr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.4.818-825.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volumn 62, no. 11, p. 4174, Abstract, lines 12 and 13: "para dechlorination was restricted from 18 to 34(deg)C" should read "para dechlorination was restricted to temperatures from 18 to 34(deg)C." [This corrects the article on p. 4174 in vol. 62.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the edible mushrooms cannot be cultivated or have low yield under industrial conditions, partially due to the lack of knowledge on how basidioma (fruiting body) development is regulated. From winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes), one of the most popular industrially cultivated mushrooms, a transcription fact...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01735-19
更新日期:2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 69 dyes were incorporated separately at different concentrations into an agar medium for evaluation of their effects on the quantitative recovery of five serotypes of Yersinia enterocolitica. One strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one strain of Bacillus cereus were included for comparative purposes. Certa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.2.205-211.1979
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protocol was developed to detect bacteria inhabiting microarthropods by means of small-subunit rRNA-targeted fluorescence in situ hybridization and microscopy. The protocol is based on cryosections of whole specimens. In contrast to more commonly applied paraffin-embedding techniques, the protocol is quicker and red...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.5.2875-2878.2003
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contamination of food during processing is recognized as a main transmission route of Listeria monocytogenes To prevent microbial contamination, biocides are widely applied as disinfectants in food processing plants. However, there are concerns about the development of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens d...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01253-19
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccharomyces pastorianus strains are hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces eubayanus that have been domesticated for centuries in lager beer brewing environments. As sequences and structures of S. pastorianus genomes are being resolved, molecular mechanisms and evolutionary origins of several industri...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01516-19
更新日期:2019-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Despite a wealth of studies examining the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials, current knowledge on their cytotoxic mechanisms (particularly from a physical perspective) remains limited. In this work, we imaged and quantitatively characterized the biomechanical (hardness and elasticity), adhesive, and surface electri...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00193-12
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although there have been several reports on the efficacy assessment of a Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis vaccine against intestinal and parenchymatous organ diseases of laying hens, no public health risk characterization of its long-term effect on eggs has been reported. In this study, we attempted to assess t...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01689-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and efficient process for the production of a ruminant feed supplement, rich in crude protein (defined as total N X 6.25), by bacterial fermentation of cheese whey has been developed. The lactose in unpasteurized whey is fermented to lactate acid by Lactobacillus bulgaricus at a temperature of 43 degrees C an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.6.769-776.1976
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To get insight into the limiting factors existing for the efficient production of fungal peroxidase in filamentous fungi, the expression of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium lignin peroxidase H8 (lipA) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) H4 (mnp1) genes in Aspergillus niger has been studied. For this purpose, a protease-defi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.7.3016-3023.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both the wild type and an isogenic hydrogenase-negative mutant of Azorhizobium caulinodans growing ex planta on N(2) as the N source were studied in succinate-limited steady-state chemostat cultures under 0.2 to 3.0% dissolved O(2) tension. Production or consumption of O(2), H(2), and CO(2) was measured with an on-lin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.6.1859-1866.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enrichment and isolation of thermophilic bacteria capable of rubber [poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)] degradation revealed eight different strains exhibiting both currently known strategies used by rubber-degrading mesophilic bacteria. Taxonomic characterization of these isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3375-3382.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caldalkalibacillus thermarum strain TA2.A1 grew in pH-controlled batch culture containing a fermentable growth substrate (i.e., sucrose) from pH 7.5 to 10.0 with no significant change in the specific growth rate, suggesting that this bacterium was a facultative alkaliphile. However, when strain TA2.A1 was grown on a n...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01639-09
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lake Fryxell is a perennially ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, with a sharp oxycline in a water column that is density stabilized by a gradient in salt concentration. Dissolved oxygen falls from 20 mg liter(-1) to undetectable over one vertical meter from 8.9- to 9.9-m depth. We provide the fir...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02699-15
更新日期:2015-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::The arginine deiminase system in a variety of streptococci and in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be unusually acid tolerant in that arginolysis occurred at pH values well below the minima for growth and glycolysis. The acid tolerance of the system allowed bacteria to survive potentially lethal acidification throu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.1.198-200.1987
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of silicic acid on the growth of Thermus thermophilus TMY, an extreme thermophile isolated from a siliceous deposit formed from geothermal water at a geothermal power plant in Japan, were examined at 75 degrees C. At concentrations higher than the solubility of amorphous silica (400 to 700 ppm SiO(2)), a s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02387-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a field study of 29 dairy farms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated more frequently (P = 0.05) from milking parlor udder wash water systems containing iodophor germicides than from those with no germicide. Most available iodine (AI2) concentrations were below the recommended level of 25 ppm (25 microgram/ml). Rubb...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.2.568-572.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heat destruction characteristics of Clostridium botulinum spores suspended in tomato juice and phosphate buffer were determined by the survivor curve method with aluminum thermal death time tubes. Two type A strains of C. botulinum and a type B strain were evaluated. Strains A16037 and B15580 were implicated in ou...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.1.23-29.1977
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Candidatus Nitrosotenuis uzonensis" is the only cultured moderately thermophilic member of the thaumarchaeotal order Nitrosopumilales (NP) that contains many mesophilic marine strains. We examined its membrane lipid composition at different growth temperatures (37°C, 46°C, and 50°C). Its lipids were all membrane-span...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01332-19
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of various nitrogen sources and of the cultivation time on the biosynthesis of N-labelled azoverdin were studied in batch cultures of Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12334. Growth for 48 h in the presence of ammonium sulfate (0.2 g/liter) resulted in 95% labelling of azoverdin with N. A growth-related synthes...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.12.4605-4607.1994
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00