Hydrogenation of N over Fe{111}.

Abstract:

:Over the past five decades, ultra high vacuum (uhv) techniques applied to well-defined single-crystal samples (the "surface science paradigm") have transformed our understanding of fundamental surface chemistry. To translate this success to the world of realistic heterogeneous catalysis, however, requires one seriously to address the fact that real heterogeneous catalysts usually operate under near-ambient or higher pressures. Nevertheless, the surface science paradigm can undoubtedly provide crucial insights into catalytic processes, so long as care is exercised in the design of experiments. Forging a secure link between two radically different pressure regimes is the major challenge, which we illustrate here with reference to the vitally important ammonia synthesis reaction, achieved industrially only under extremely high pressure.

authors

Iyngaran P,Madden DC,Jenkins SJ,King DA

doi

10.1073/pnas.1006634107

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-01-18 00:00:00

pages

925-30

issue

3

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

1006634107

journal_volume

108

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Induction of the stellate configuration in cultured iris epithelial cells by adenosine and compounds related to adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate.

    abstract::Adenosine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, monobutyryl cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP, and 5'-AMP have a remarkable morphogenetic effect on cultured iris epithelial cells obtained from adult newt. They alter the broad undulating membrane of the cell into branching strands of cytoplasm, a configuration that has been named "stellate." Th...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.70.8.2286

    authors: Ortiz JR,Yamada T,Hsie AW

    更新日期:1973-08-01 00:00:00

  • In vivo magnetic resonance vascular imaging using laser-polarized 3He microbubbles.

    abstract::Laser-polarized gases (3He and 129Xe) are currently being used in magnetic resonance imaging as strong signal sources that can be safely introduced into the lung. Recently, researchers have been investigating other tissues using 129Xe. These studies use xenon dissolved in a carrier such as lipid vesicles or blood. Sin...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.95.18.10832

    authors: Chawla MS,Chen XJ,Möller HE,Cofer GP,Wheeler CT,Hedlund LW,Johnson GA

    更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00

  • Patterning cells and their environments using multiple laminar fluid flows in capillary networks.

    abstract::This paper describes the use of laminar flow of liquids in capillary systems to pattern the cell culture substrate, to perform patterned cell deposition, and to pattern the cell culture media. We demonstrate the patterning of the cell culture substrate with different proteins, the patterning of different types of cell...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.10.5545

    authors: Takayama S,McDonald JC,Ostuni E,Liang MN,Kenis PJ,Ismagilov RF,Whitesides GM

    更新日期:1999-05-11 00:00:00

  • Structure of an iron(II) dioxygen complex; a model for oxygen carrying hemeproteins.

    abstract::The preliminary structural characterization of a reversible ferrous dioxygen complex is reported. Mono(N-methyl imidazole) (dioxygen) meso-tetra (alpha,alpha,alpha,alpha-o-pivalamidephenyl) porphinatorino(II), [Fe(O(2))-(N-Me imid) (alpha,alpha,alpha,alpha-TpivPP)], 1, isolated from toluene solution, crystallizes in t...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.71.4.1326

    authors: Collman JP,Gagne RR,Reed CA,Robinson WT,Rodley GA

    更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00

  • Emergent trade-offs and selection for outbreak frequency in spatial epidemics.

    abstract::Nonspatial theory on pathogen evolution generally predicts selection for maximal number of secondary infections, constrained only by supposed physiological trade-offs between pathogen infectiousness and virulence. Spread of diseases in human populations can, however, exhibit large scale patterns, underlining the need ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0405682101

    authors: van Ballegooijen WM,Boerlijst MC

    更新日期:2004-12-28 00:00:00

  • Multiple rare variants in different genes account for multifactorial inherited susceptibility to colorectal adenomas.

    abstract::Clear-cut inherited Mendelian traits, such as familial adenomatous polyposis or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, account for <4% of colorectal cancers. Another 20% of all colorectal cancers are thought to occur in individuals with a significant inherited multifactorial susceptibility to colorectal cancer tha...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0407187101

    authors: Fearnhead NS,Wilding JL,Winney B,Tonks S,Bartlett S,Bicknell DC,Tomlinson IP,Mortensen NJ,Bodmer WF

    更新日期:2004-11-09 00:00:00

  • Duplex DNA catalyzes the chemical rearrangement of a malondialdehyde deoxyguanosine adduct.

    abstract::The primary DNA lesion induced by malondialdehyde, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin synthesis, is 3-(2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-pyrimido[1, 2-a]purin-10(3H)-one (M1G). When placed opposite cytosine (underlined) at neutral pH in either the d(GGTMTCCG).d(CGGACACC) or d(ATCGCMCGGCATG). d(C...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.12.6615

    authors: Mao H,Schnetz-Boutaud NC,Weisenseel JP,Marnett LJ,Stone MP

    更新日期:1999-06-08 00:00:00

  • Complex flexibility of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily.

    abstract::The transforming growth factors beta (TGF-beta s) are important modulators of growth and differentiation. They are intermolecular disulfide-bonded homodimeric molecules. The monomer fold has a conserved cystine knot and lacks a hydrophobic core. The biological specificity of a given member of the family is believed to...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.92.12.5406

    authors: Venkataraman G,Sasisekharan V,Cooney CL,Langer R,Sasisekharan R

    更新日期:1995-06-06 00:00:00

  • Anthrax pathogen evades the mammalian immune system through stealth siderophore production.

    abstract::Systemic anthrax, caused by inhalation or ingestion of Bacillus anthracis spores, is characterized by rapid microbial growth stages that require iron. Tightly bound and highly regulated in a mammalian host, iron is scarce during an infection. To scavenge iron from its environment, B. anthracis synthesizes by independe...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0607055103

    authors: Abergel RJ,Wilson MK,Arceneaux JE,Hoette TM,Strong RK,Byers BR,Raymond KN

    更新日期:2006-12-05 00:00:00

  • Origin of the RNA world: The fate of nucleobases in warm little ponds.

    abstract::Before the origin of simple cellular life, the building blocks of RNA (nucleotides) had to form and polymerize in favorable environments on early Earth. At this time, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles delivered organics such as nucleobases (the characteristic molecules of nucleotides) to warm little ponds w...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1710339114

    authors: Pearce BKD,Pudritz RE,Semenov DA,Henning TK

    更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00

  • Modeling RNA folding paths with pseudoknots: application to hepatitis delta virus ribozyme.

    abstract::A quantitative understanding of nucleic acid hybridization is essential to many aspects of biotechnology, such as DNA microarrays, as well as to the structure and folding kinetics of RNA. However, predictions of nucleic acid secondary structures have long been impeded by the presence of helices interior to loops, so-c...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.110533697

    authors: Isambert H,Siggia ED

    更新日期:2000-06-06 00:00:00

  • Protacs: chimeric molecules that target proteins to the Skp1-Cullin-F box complex for ubiquitination and degradation.

    abstract::The intracellular levels of many proteins are regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. One of the best-characterized enzymes that catalyzes the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is a ubiquitin ligase complex, Skp1-Cullin-F box complex containing Hrt1 (SCF). We sought to artificially target a protein to the SCF ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.141230798

    authors: Sakamoto KM,Kim KB,Kumagai A,Mercurio F,Crews CM,Deshaies RJ

    更新日期:2001-07-17 00:00:00

  • Expression of a desaturase gene, desat1, in neural and nonneural tissues separately affects perception and emission of sex pheromones in Drosophila.

    abstract::Animals often use sex pheromones for mate choice and reproduction. As for other signals, the genetic control of the emission and perception of sex pheromones must be tightly coadapted, and yet we still have no worked-out example of how these two aspects interact. Most models suggest that emission and perception rely o...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1109166108

    authors: Bousquet F,Nojima T,Houot B,Chauvel I,Chaudy S,Dupas S,Yamamoto D,Ferveur JF

    更新日期:2012-01-03 00:00:00

  • RNF169 limits 53BP1 deposition at DSBs to stimulate single-strand annealing repair.

    abstract::Unrestrained 53BP1 activity at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) hampers DNA end resection and upsets DSB repair pathway choice. RNF169 acts as a molecular rheostat to limit 53BP1 deposition at DSBs, but how this fine balance translates to DSB repair control remains undefined. In striking contrast to 53BP1, ChIP analyse...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1804823115

    authors: An L,Dong C,Li J,Chen J,Yuan J,Huang J,Chan KM,Yu CH,Huen MSY

    更新日期:2018-08-28 00:00:00

  • Fluorescence-aided molecule sorting: analysis of structure and interactions by alternating-laser excitation of single molecules.

    abstract::We use alternating-laser excitation to achieve fluorescence-aided molecule sorting (FAMS) and enable simultaneous analysis of biomolecular structure and interactions at the level of single molecules. This was performed by labeling biomolecules with fluorophores that serve as donor-acceptor pairs for Förster resonance ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0401690101

    authors: Kapanidis AN,Lee NK,Laurence TA,Doose S,Margeat E,Weiss S

    更新日期:2004-06-15 00:00:00

  • A single-base-pair deletion in the beta-glucuronidase gene accounts for the phenotype of murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII.

    abstract::Murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is a heritable disease caused by a spontaneous mutation, gus(mps), closely linked to the beta-glucuronidase structural gene on chromosome 5. Mice homozygous for the mutation have a > 200-fold decrease in beta-glucuronidase mRNA levels and virtually no enzyme activity detectable by...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6567

    authors: Sands MS,Birkenmeier EH

    更新日期:1993-07-15 00:00:00

  • Nematode sperm maturation triggered by protease involves sperm-secreted serine protease inhibitor (Serpin).

    abstract::Spermiogenesis is a series of poorly understood morphological, physiological and biochemical processes that occur during the transition of immotile spermatids into motile, fertilization-competent spermatozoa. Here, we identified a Serpin (serine protease inhibitor) family protein (As_SRP-1) that is secreted from sperm...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1109912109

    authors: Zhao Y,Sun W,Zhang P,Chi H,Zhang MJ,Song CQ,Ma X,Shang Y,Wang B,Hu Y,Hao Z,Hühmer AF,Meng F,L'hernault SW,He SM,Dong MQ,Miao L

    更新日期:2012-01-31 00:00:00

  • Correlation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 prevalence in feces, hides, and carcasses of beef cattle during processing.

    abstract::A survey was performed to estimate the frequency of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 or O157:nonmotile (EHEC O157) in feces and on hides within groups of fed cattle from single sources (lots) presented for slaughter at meat processing plants in the Midwestern United States, as well as frequency of carcass co...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.060024897

    authors: Elder RO,Keen JE,Siragusa GR,Barkocy-Gallagher GA,Koohmaraie M,Laegreid WW

    更新日期:2000-03-28 00:00:00

  • Caspase-8 promotes NLRP1/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production in acute glaucoma.

    abstract::Acute glaucoma is a sight-threatening condition characterized by a sudden and substantial rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) and consequent retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Angle closure glaucoma, a common cause of glaucoma in Asia that affects tens of millions of people worldwide, often presents acutely with loss o...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1402819111

    authors: Chi W,Li F,Chen H,Wang Y,Zhu Y,Yang X,Zhu J,Wu F,Ouyang H,Ge J,Weinreb RN,Zhang K,Zhuo Y

    更新日期:2014-07-29 00:00:00

  • A defined protein-detergent-lipid complex for crystallization of integral membrane proteins: The cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis.

    abstract::The paucity of integral membrane protein structures creates a major bioinformatics gap, whose origin is the difficulty of crystallizing these detergent-solubilized proteins. The problem is particularly formidable for hetero-oligomeric integral membrane proteins, where crystallization is impeded by the heterogeneity an...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0931431100

    authors: Zhang H,Kurisu G,Smith JL,Cramer WA

    更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00

  • Origin of noncoding DNA sequences: molecular fossils of genome evolution.

    abstract::The total amount of noncoding sequences on chromosomes of contemporary organisms varies significantly from species to species. We propose a hypothesis for the origin of these noncoding sequences that assumes that (i) an approximately equal to 0.55-kilobase (kb)-long reading frame composed the primordial gene and (ii) ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.84.17.6195

    authors: Naora H,Miyahara K,Curnow RN

    更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00

  • Global warming benefits the small in aquatic ecosystems.

    abstract::Understanding the ecological impacts of climate change is a crucial challenge of the twenty-first century. There is a clear lack of general rules regarding the impacts of global warming on biota. Here, we present a metaanalysis of the effect of climate change on body size of ectothermic aquatic organisms (bacteria, ph...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0902080106

    authors: Daufresne M,Lengfellner K,Sommer U

    更新日期:2009-08-04 00:00:00

  • Adenovirus 2 early gene expression promotes susceptibility to effector cell lysis of hybrids formed between hamster cells transformed by adenovirus 2 and simian virus 40.

    abstract::Weakly oncogenic adenovirus 2 (Ad2)-transformed LSH hamster cells are sensitive to lysis by spontaneously cytolytic lymphoid cells and activated macrophages, whereas highly oncogenic simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed LSH cells are relatively resistant to these nonspecific effector cells. Somatic cell hybrids formed b...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.80.19.5995

    authors: Cook JL,Hauser J,Patch CT,Lewis AM Jr,Levine AS

    更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00

  • Overexpression of the c-src protein does not induce transformation of NIH 3T3 cells.

    abstract::NIH 3T3 mouse cells were transfected with plasmids that induce efficient expression of either (i) the Rous sarcoma virus v-src gene, (ii) the chicken c-src gene, or (iii) a recombinant gene combining the 5' portion of c-src with the 3' end of v-src. Focus formation in tissue culture and formation of large colonies in ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.7071

    authors: Shalloway D,Coussens PM,Yaciuk P

    更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00

  • Scalable NMR spectroscopy with semiconductor chips.

    abstract::State-of-the-art NMR spectrometers using superconducting magnets have enabled, with their ultrafine spectral resolution, the determination of the structure of large molecules such as proteins, which is one of the most profound applications of modern NMR spectroscopy. Many chemical and biotechnological applications, ho...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1402015111

    authors: Ha D,Paulsen J,Sun N,Song YQ,Ham D

    更新日期:2014-08-19 00:00:00

  • Reducible crosslinks in hydroxylysine-deficient collagens of a heritable disorder of connective tissue.

    abstract::Reducible compounds that participate in crosslinking were analyzed in hydroxylysine-deficient collagens of patients with a heritable disorder of connective tissue. After treatment with [(3)H]sodium borohydride, new compounds, as well as a totally different pattern of tritiated compounds, were found in hydroxylysine-de...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.69.9.2594

    authors: Eyre DR,Glimcher MJ

    更新日期:1972-09-01 00:00:00

  • Carbon-bearing iron phases and the carbon isotope composition of the deep Earth.

    abstract::The carbon budget and dynamics of the Earth's interior, including the core, are currently very poorly understood. Diamond-bearing, mantle-derived rocks show a very well defined peak at δ(13)C ≈ -5 ± 3‰ with a very broad distribution to lower values (∼-40‰). The processes that have produced the wide δ(13)C distribution...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1401782112

    authors: Horita J,Polyakov VB

    更新日期:2015-01-06 00:00:00

  • Membrane optical activity: some facts and fallacies.

    abstract::The circular dichroism of hypothetical, water-filled, spherical shells, 75-3500 nm in radius, with walls 7.5 nm thick, composed of poly(L-lysine) in various conformational proportions, and suspended in water, were computed from the known optical properties of this polypeptide by classical general light-scattering theo...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.70.11.3235

    authors: Wallach DF,Low DA,Bertland AV

    更新日期:1973-11-01 00:00:00

  • Four generations of transition-state analogues for human purine nucleoside phosphorylase.

    abstract::Inhibition of human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) stops growth of activated T-cells and the formation of 6-oxypurine bases, making it a target for leukemia, autoimmune disorders, and gout. Four generations of ribocation transition-state mimics bound to PNP are structurally characterized. Immucillin-H (K*i(1/4)...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0913439107

    authors: Ho MC,Shi W,Rinaldo-Matthis A,Tyler PC,Evans GB,Clinch K,Almo SC,Schramm VL

    更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00

  • Tumor detection and elimination by a targeted gallium corrole.

    abstract::Sulfonated gallium(III) corroles are intensely fluorescent macrocyclic compounds that spontaneously assemble with carrier proteins to undergo cell entry. We report in vivo imaging and therapeutic efficacy of a tumor-targeted corrole noncovalently assembled with a heregulin-modified protein directed at the human epider...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0901531106

    authors: Agadjanian H,Ma J,Rentsendorj A,Valluripalli V,Hwang JY,Mahammed A,Farkas DL,Gray HB,Gross Z,Medina-Kauwe LK

    更新日期:2009-04-14 00:00:00