Abstract：
:Locomotor stepping in the Nembutal-anesthetized rat was elicited by electrical stimulation of either of two sites in the right or left posterolateral hypothalamus. Essential midbrain loci were identified by reversibly blocking the elicited locomotion through local injections of the anesthetic procaine (15%, 0.5 microliter). Two types of critical midbrain sites were found. At ipsilateral block sites (n = 21), procaine blocked only that locomotion elicited by ipsilateral stimulation. These sites could be along the course of a direct descending ipsilateral pathway although a possible bidirectional pathway is not to be excluded. At bilateral block sites (n = 21), procaine blocked locomotion elicited by both ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation. These sites could be involved in functions prerequisite for the initiation of locomotion or in the generation of the stepping pattern. Procaine injections in 35 sites had no effect on locomotion. Ipsilateral and bilateral block sites were intermixed and generally located in regions ventral to the midbrain central gray: chiefly the anterior ventromedial midbrain, the pontis oralis nucleus and the pedunculopontine nucleus. Negative sites were located in both the dorsal and ventral midbrain. Ipsilateral block sites were relatively prevalent in the anterior midbrain, indicating that the locomotor initiation signals are lateralized at this level. Bilateral block sites were more prevalent in the posterior levels, suggesting that the initiation signals are proximal to, or interact with, circuits that have a bilateral influence on locomotion.
journal_name
Neurosciencejournal_title
Neuroscienceauthors
Levy DI,Sinnamon HMdoi
10.1016/0306-4522(90)90251-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
665-74issue
3eissn
0306-4522issn
1873-7544pii
0306-4522(90)90251-Xjournal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROSCIENCE文献大全abstract：:Inward rectifier potassium currents and calcium-dependent potassium currents have been studied in cultured embryonic mouse motoneurons. Sustained unitary inward rectifier potassium currents were recorded from cell-attached patches and the channel conductance was dependent on external K+ concentration with a value of 2...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(95)90396-o
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delivering effective commands in the nervous systems require a temporal integration of neural activities such as synchronous firing. Although sympathetic nerve discharges are characterized by synchronous firing, its temporal structures and how it is modulated are largely unknown. This study used a collagenase-dissocia...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.024
更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Although there is little overlap in core diagnostic criteria for ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ASD symptoms are estimated to co-occur in children with ADHD in 20-50% of cases. As motor control deficits are common to both disorders, we investigated the impact of ASD symptoms on ocular motor control in childr...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.07.013
更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotinic stimulation and high K+ depolarization of bovine chromaffin cells cause disassembly of cortical filamentous actin networks. Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that disassembly of actin filaments is Ca(2+)-dependent, precedes exocytosis and occurs in cortical areas of low cytoplasmic viscosity...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(92)90330-5
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endomorphin 2 (EM2) plays essential roles in regulating nociceptive transmission within the spinal dorsal horn, where EM2-immunopositive (EM2-IP) fibers and terminals are densely encountered. However, the origins of these EM2-IP structures are still obscure. Unilateral primary sensory afferents disruption (lumbar 3-6 ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.006
更新日期：2010-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescence is a period of progressive changes in brain that likely contribute to the maturation of behavior. Human adolescents consume large amounts of ethanol. To investigate the effects of ethanol on adolescent neural progenitor cells, male rats (35-40 days old) were treated with an acute dose of ethanol (1.0, 2.5 ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.08.090
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A multicompartment passive electrotonic computer model is constructed for the cerebellar Purkinje cell of the guinea-pig. The model has 1089 coupled compartments to accurately represent the morphology of the Purkinje cell. In order that the calculated behavior of the model fit the published electrophysiological observ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(85)90168-x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor neuron loss and gliosis in the spinal cord, brain stem and cortex. The Notch signaling pathway has been reported to be dysfunctional in neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. However, the exact mechanism is still uncle...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.034
更新日期：2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic plasticity involves remodeling of extracellular matrix. This is mediated, in part, by enzymes of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, in particular by gelatinase MMP-9. Accordingly, there is a need of developing methods to visualize gelatinolytic activity at the level of individual synapses, especially ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.05.045
更新日期：2009-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH), an analog of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, beta-phenylethylhydrazine (phenelzine), inhibits the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) catabolic enzyme GABA-transaminase and increases brain levels of GABA. GABA is the predominant fast inhibitory transmitter counteracting glutamatergic excit...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.03.007
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is the initial stage of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which results in a poor prognosis in ischemic stroke patients. Autophagy has been shown to have protective effects on BMECs against cerebral ischemic insults. However, ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.017
更新日期：2017-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Visceral sensory perception is subjected to modulation by attention or distraction, like other sensory systems. The thalamic reticular nucleus is a key region in selective attention, effecting a change in the mode of thalamocortical transmission. Each major thalamocortical system is connected with a particular sector ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00316-5
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of ionophoretic application of serotonin and of one of its agonists were tested on responses of dorsal horn dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons evoked by electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves. Both drugs depressed monosynaptically evoked actions of group II muscle afferents; they decreased the number an...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(95)00060-v
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After experimentally inducing long term changes in transmitter release, a series of frog neuromuscular junctions were studied with intracellular recording and then semi-serially sectioned and examined in the electron microscope. Transmitter release per unit length of motor nerve terminal was well correlated with sever...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(85)90187-3
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the therapeutic gold standard in Parkinson's disease. However, most patients develop debilitating abnormal involuntary movements termed l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) as therapy-complicating side effects. The underlying mechanisms of LID pathogenesis are still not fully unders...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.017
更新日期：2016-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Food restriction has been shown to be beneficial for a number of brain processes. In the current study, we characterized the impact of food restriction on hippocampal damage 70 days following ischemia. We assessed memory and cognitive flexibility of ad libitum fed (AL) and food-restricted (FR) animals using complex de...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.05.062
更新日期：2008-09-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioral studies on gene-manipulated mice have started to elucidate the neurobiological functions of the alpha(2C)-adrenoceptor (AR) subtype. In this study, we applied quantitative receptor autoradiography to investigate the potential anatomical correlates of the observed functional effects of altered alpha(2C)-AR e...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00966-1
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current neurobiological theory of drug use is based on the observation that all addictive drugs induce changes in activity of dopaminergic circuitry, interfering with reward processing, and thus enhancing drug seeking and consumption behaviors. Current theory of drug origins, in contrast, views almost all major drugs ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.01.077
更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:In the hippocampus, chelatable zinc is accumulated in vesicles of glutamatergic presynaptic terminals, abounding specially in the mossy fibers, from where it is released with activity and can exert a powerful inhibitory action upon N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Zinc is therefore in a strategic situation to control o...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00731-5
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal loss is the most common and critical feature of a spectrum of brain traumas and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The capacity to generate new neurons in the central nervous system diminishes early during brain development and is restricted mainly to two brain areas in the mature b...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.054
更新日期：2014-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid peroxidation disrupts membrane integrity and causes structural and functional alterations in ischemic tissues. Taurine and ketamine are putative ischemic protectants that affect Ca2+ influx. Here we report the influence of these compounds on lipid peroxidation in subcellular fractions, isolated cells and intact ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4522(91)90241-f
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single steps in different directions are often used for postural corrections. However, our knowledge about the neural mechanisms underlying their generation is scarce. This study was aimed to characterize the corrective steps generated in response to disturbances of the basic body configuration caused by forward, back...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.007
更新日期：2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that syntaxin 1A, synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) and synaptotagmin either alone or in combination, modulate the kinetic properties of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels Ca(v)1.2 (Lc-channel) Ca(v)2.2 (N-type) and Ca(v)2.1 (P/Q-type). The interaction interface was found to reside ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.07.027
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proceeding from previous findings of a beneficial effect of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene inactivation on negatively reinforced water maze performance, we asked whether this improvement in place learning capacities also holds for a positively reinforced radial maze task. Unlike its beneficial effects o...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00382-7
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of voltage-gated ion channels are expressed on principal cell dendrites and have been proposed to play a pivotal role in the regulation of dendritic excitability. Previous studies at the light microscopic level demonstrated that the K+ channel subunit Kv2.1 expression was polarized to the cell soma and dendr...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00519-8
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although serotonin has been shown to play an important role in peripheral pain mechanisms, the specific subtypes of serotonin receptors involved in pain and hyperalgesia remain poorly understood. To date, no previous study has attempted to determine the presence of any serotonin receptor subtype in human dorsal root g...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00235-2
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of nitric oxide in neurodegenerative processes still remains incompletely characterized. Although nitric oxide has been reported to be an important mediator in neuronal degeneration in different models of cell death involving NMDA-receptor activation, increasing evidence for protective mechanisms has b...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00599-0
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preclinical and clinical studies support a promising, albeit not definitive, neuroprotective effect of emergent uric acid (UA) administration in ischemic stroke. We assessed the effects of UA in an ischemic stroke model relevant to the current treatment paradigm of mechanical thrombectomy within the STAIR/RIGOR recomm...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.045
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the nervous system, the aminoacylhistidine dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) has been shown to be expressed in the olfactory receptor neurons and in brain astrocytes. Using immunocytochemical techniques, we report here a dense carnosine-like immunoreactivity in the subependymal layer of the rodent foreb...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00596-4
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activity-regulated, cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) is an immediate early gene induced in excitatory circuits following behavioral episodes. Arc mRNA is targeted to activated regions of the dendrite after long-term potentiation (LTP) of the dentate gyrus, a process dependent on NMDA receptor activation. We used ...
journal_title：Neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.02.004
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
