Support for a synaptic chain model of neuronal sequence generation.

abstract：:The recently emerged fields of metamaterials and transformation optics promise a family of exciting applications such as invisibility, optical imaging with deeply subwavelength resolution and nanophotonics with the potential for much faster information processing. The possibility of creating optical negative-index met...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xiao S,Drachev VP,Kildishev AV,Ni X,Chettiar UK,Yuan HK,Shalaev VM

更新日期：2010-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals learn that a tone can predict the occurrence of an electric shock through classical conditioning. Mice or rats trained in this manner display fear responses, such as freezing behaviour, when they hear the conditioned tone. Studies using amygdalectomized rats have shown that the amygdala is required for both th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garcia R,Vouimba RM,Baudry M,Thompson RF

更新日期：1999-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative mapping, which compares the location of homologous genes in different species, is a powerful tool for studying genome evolution. Comparative maps suggest that rates of chromosomal change in mammals can vary from one to ten rearrangements per million years. On the basis of these rates we would expect 84 to ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Burt DW,Bruley C,Dunn IC,Jones CT,Ramage A,Law AS,Morrice DR,Paton IR,Smith J,Windsor D,Sazanov A,Fries R,Waddington D

更新日期：1999-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies >10(20) eV remains a mystery. They are likely to be of extragalactic origin, but should be absorbed within approximately 50 Mpc through interactions with the cosmic microwave background. As there are no sufficiently powerful accelerators within this dista...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Falcke H,Apel WD,Badea AF,Bähren L,Bekk K,Bercuci A,Bertaina M,Biermann PL,Blümer J,Bozdog H,Brancus IM,Buitink S,Brüggemann M,Buchholz P,Butcher H,Chiavassa A,Daumiller K,de Bruyn AG,de Vos CM,Di Pierro F,Doll P

更新日期：2005-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A chimaeric gene, consisting of the 5'-flanking region of a member of the Pisum sativum gene family encoding ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase linked to the coding region of a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene, has been introduced into the genome of the plant Nicotiana tabacum using a Ti plasmid of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herrera-Estrella L,Van den Broeck G,Maenhaut R,Van Montagu M,Schell J,Timko M,Cashmore A

更新日期：1984-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:To explain the lower atmospheric CO2 concentrations during glacial periods, it has been suggested that the productivity of marine phytoplankton was stimulated by an increased flux of iron-bearing dust to the oceans. One component of this theory is that iron-an essential element/nutrient for nitrogen-fixing organisms-w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ganeshram RS,Pedersen TF,Calvert S,François R

更新日期：2002-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) is the first step in the synthesis of more complex carbon-based fuels and feedstocks using renewable electricity. Unfortunately, the reaction suffers from slow kinetics owing to the low local concentration of CO2 surrounding typical CO2 reductio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu M,Pang Y,Zhang B,De Luna P,Voznyy O,Xu J,Zheng X,Dinh CT,Fan F,Cao C,de Arquer FP,Safaei TS,Mepham A,Klinkova A,Kumacheva E,Filleter T,Sinton D,Kelley SO,Sargent EH

更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The colonization of a new habitat is a fundamental process in metapopulation biology, but it is difficult to study. The emigration of colonists from established populations might be induced by resource competition owing to high local population density. Migration distances are also important because they determine the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gaggiotti OE,Jones F,Lee WM,Amos W,Harwood J,Nichols RA

更新日期：2002-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,000-65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequences of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. We find that a p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuhlwilm M,Gronau I,Hubisz MJ,de Filippo C,Prado-Martinez J,Kircher M,Fu Q,Burbano HA,Lalueza-Fox C,de la Rasilla M,Rosas A,Rudan P,Brajkovic D,Kucan Ž,Gušic I,Marques-Bonet T,Andrés AM,Viola B,Pääbo S,Meyer M,Sie

更新日期：2016-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) are a major class of excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. They form glutamate-gated ion channels that are highly permeable to calcium and mediate activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. NMDAR dysfunction is implicated in multiple brain diso...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gielen M,Siegler Retchless B,Mony L,Johnson JW,Paoletti P

更新日期：2009-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic architecture of brain structure and function is largely unknown. To investigate this, we carried out genome-wide association studies of 3,144 functional and structural brain imaging phenotypes from UK Biobank (discovery dataset 8,428 subjects). Here we show that many of these phenotypes are heritable. We i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elliott LT,Sharp K,Alfaro-Almagro F,Shi S,Miller KL,Douaud G,Marchini J,Smith SM

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, can cause severe disease in humans with an immature or suppressed immune system. The outcome of Toxoplasma infection is highly dependent on the strain type, as are many of its in vitro growth properties. Here we use genetic crosses betwee...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Saeij JP,Coller S,Boyle JP,Jerome ME,White MW,Boothroyd JC

更新日期：2007-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Common fragile sites have long been identified by cytogeneticists as chromosomal regions prone to breakage upon replication stress. They are increasingly recognized to be preferential targets for oncogene-induced DNA damage in pre-neoplastic lesions and hotspots for chromosomal rearrangements in various cancers. Commo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Letessier A,Millot GA,Koundrioukoff S,Lachagès AM,Vogt N,Hansen RS,Malfoy B,Brison O,Debatisse M

更新日期：2011-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that initial sensitization to airborne environmental allergens occurs typically in early childhood, but subsequent progression to persistent atopic asthma, which may not manifest for several years, is restricted to only a subset of atopics. The key to establishing the link between atopy and a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Holt PG,Macaubas C,Stumbles PA,Sly PD

更新日期：1999-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The gal operon of Escherichia coli is controlled by two independent promotors--one is activated and the other inhibited by cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP receptor protein. The two promotors are modulated, however, by the same operator locus and receptor protein. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adhya S,Miller W

更新日期：1979-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A model catalyst is described which has properties in common with carbonic anhydrase. The model demonstrates the availability of a mechanism, previously only hypothetical, for the action of the enzyme. It also shows, however, that this mechanism alone is not adequate to produce the high activity of the enzyme. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Woolley P

更新日期：1975-12-25 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that the osteoclast is formed by fusion of post-mitotic, mononuclear precursors derived from circulating progenitor cells. However, the precise haematopoietic origin of the osteoclast is unknown. We have investigated this here by fractionating mouse bone marrow and isolating haematopoietic stem ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scheven BA,Visser JW,Nijweide PJ

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:UV light is a potent mutagen in most living cells, but molecular analysis of its mode of action in animal cells has not been possible because of the high complexity of the cell genome. Therefore, we have used simian virus 40 (SV40) as a biological probe to study the mutagenic effect of UV-irradiation at the molecular ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bourre F,Sarasin A

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mutant form of the alpha-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) was recently isolated from an ultraviolet radiation-induced murine fibrosarcoma cell line and reported to transform mouse BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts on transfection. Four point mutations in the regulatory domain were assumed to be responsible for its oncogenicit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Borner C,Filipuzzi I,Weinstein IB,Imber R

更新日期：1991-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinoblastoma tumour-suppressor protein Rb inhibits cell proliferation by repressing a subset of genes that are controlled by the E2F family of transcription factors and which are involved in progression from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. Rb, which is recruited to target promoters by E2F1, represses tr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Magnaghi-Jaulin L,Groisman R,Naguibneva I,Robin P,Lorain S,Le Villain JP,Troalen F,Trouche D,Harel-Bellan A

更新日期：1998-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China and the Philippines. Here we present a draft genomic sequence for the worm. The genome provides a global insight into the molecular architecture and host interaction of this complex metaz...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schistosoma japonicum Genome Sequencing and Functional Analysis Consortium.

更新日期：2009-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Temperature-dependent transition of conductance in ionic channels has been described in several membrane systems. We report here an abrupt change in the maximal rate of rise of the action potentials of the rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) at 32 degrees C, indicating alteration in the functional characteristics of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cheung DW,Daniel EE

更新日期：1980-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Temperature-sensitive paralysis is the most striking defect of adult Drosophila carrying the shibire mutation. This is believed to be due to a reversible block of endocytosis, which prevents membrane cycling and thus depletes synaptic vesicles. The shibire mutation also affects many tissues outside the nervous system....

journal_title：Nature

authors： van der Bliek AM,Meyerowitz EM

更新日期：1991-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Granular superconductivity occurs when microscopic superconducting grains are separated by non-superconducting regions; Josephson tunnelling between the grains establishes the macroscopic superconducting state. Although crystals of the copper oxide high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors are not granular...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lang KM,Madhavan V,Hoffman JE,Hudson EW,Eisaki H,Uchida S,Davis JC

更新日期：2002-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The fusion pore is the first crucial intermediate formed during exocytosis, yet little is known about the mechanisms that determine the size and kinetic properties of these transient structures. Here, we reduced the number of available SNAREs (proteins that mediate vesicle fusion) in neurons and observed changes in tr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bao H,Das D,Courtney NA,Jiang Y,Briguglio JS,Lou X,Roston D,Cui Q,Chanda B,Chapman ER

更新日期：2018-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbes comprise the majority of extant organisms, yet much remains to be learned about the nature and driving forces of microbial diversification. Our understanding of how microorganisms adapt and evolve can be advanced by genome-wide documentation of the patterns of genetic exchange, particularly if analyses target...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lo I,Denef VJ,Verberkmoes NC,Shah MB,Goltsman D,DiBartolo G,Tyson GW,Allen EE,Ram RJ,Detter JC,Richardson P,Thelen MP,Hettich RL,Banfield JF

更新日期：2007-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The product of the bacteriophage Mu gene mom modifies adenine residues of DNA within the consensus sequence CGAGCNPy, providing protection against various restriction endonucleases (ref. 1 and D. Kamp, personal communication cited in ref. 2). The mom gene is only expressed during lytic development of the phage. It is ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Plasterk RH,Vrieling H,Van de Putte P

更新日期：1983-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Diatoms are one of the most ecologically successful classes of photosynthetic marine eukaryotes in the contemporary oceans. Over the past 30 million years, they have helped to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, sequestering it via the biological carbon pump and ultimately burying...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bailleul B,Berne N,Murik O,Petroutsos D,Prihoda J,Tanaka A,Villanova V,Bligny R,Flori S,Falconet D,Krieger-Liszkay A,Santabarbara S,Rappaport F,Joliot P,Tirichine L,Falkowski PG,Cardol P,Bowler C,Finazzi G

更新日期：2015-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) are important neurotransmitters in the vertebrate central nervous system. Electrophysiological and ligand-binding studies indicate that at least three different receptor subtypes for EAAs exist--N-methyl-D-aspartate, kainate and quisqualate receptor subtypes--on the basis of the preferred...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wada K,Dechesne CJ,Shimasaki S,King RG,Kusano K,Buonanno A,Hampson DR,Banner C,Wenthold RJ,Nakatani Y

更新日期：1989-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel, structurally distinct POU-domain protein has been identified that inhibits activation by another positive POU-domain regulator of neuron-specific transcription units. Two Drosophila POU-domain proteins, I-POU and Cf1-a, are coexpressed in overlapping subsets of neurons during development. Because I-POU lacks ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Treacy MN,He X,Rosenfeld MG

更新日期：1991-04-18 00:00:00