Selective cell death mediated by small conditional RNAs.

abstract：:Fungi of the recently defined order Sebacinales (Basidiomycota) are involved in a wide spectrum of mutualistic symbioses (including mycorrhizae) with various plants, thereby exhibiting a unique potential for biocontrol strategies. The axenically cultivable root endophyte Piriformospora indica is a model organism of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deshmukh S,Hückelhoven R,Schäfer P,Imani J,Sharma M,Weiss M,Waller F,Kogel KH

更新日期：2006-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete coding region of maize transposable element Ac and truncated but active derivatives of it were placed under the control of promoters of different strength and tested for the ability to excise transposable element Ds from a beta-glucuronidase reporter gene in a cotransfection assay in Petunia protoplasts. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Becker D,Lütticke R,Li M,Starlinger P

更新日期：1992-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the optical conductivity in high-quality crystals of the chiral topological semimetal CoSi, which hosts exotic quasiparticles known as multifold fermions. We find that the optical response is separated into several distinct regions as a function of frequency, each dominated by different types of quasiparticl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu B,Fang Z,Sánchez-Martínez MÁ,Venderbos JWF,Ni Z,Qiu T,Manna K,Wang K,Paglione J,Bernhard C,Felser C,Mele EJ,Grushin AG,Rappe AM,Wu L

更新日期：2020-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-aa motif in transmembrane helix 1 of diphtheria toxin that is conserved in anthrax edema factor, anthrax lethal factor, and botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, C, and D was identified by blast, clustal w, and meme computational analysis. Using the diphtheria toxin-related fusion protein toxin DAB(389)IL-2, we demon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratts R,Trujillo C,Bharti A,vanderSpek J,Harrison R,Murphy JR

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In the T-cell somatic mutant J.CaM1, the T-cell antigen receptor complex is poorly coupled to the inositolphospholipid second messenger system; some antibodies against the invariant CD3 subunit of the receptor retain their agonist function in J.CaM1. Here we show by a combination of complementation assays that the mut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldsmith MA,Dazin PF,Weiss A

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis of graphene materials is typically carried out by oxidizing graphite to graphite oxide followed by a reduction process. Numerous methods exist for both the oxidation and reduction steps, which causes unpredictable contamination from metallic impurities into the final material. These impurities are known ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong CH,Sofer Z,Kubešová M,Kučera J,Matějková S,Pumera M

更新日期：2014-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen isotherms of human hemoglobin measured in distilled water and in solutions of sodium chloride in the concentration range from 0.02 to 3.0 M indicate that the oxygen affinity decreases up to about 1 M salt and then begins to increase. The isotherms obtained in the range from 0.02 to 0.6 M sodium chloride, at 37 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haire RN,Hedlund BE

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the synthesis of a probe that permits the visualization by electron microscopy of acidic organelles in intact cells. This probe, 3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3'-amino-N-methyldipropylamine (DAMP), is a basic congener of dinitrophenol that readily diffuses into intact cells. Its primary and tertiary amino groups (a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anderson RG,Falck JR,Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiomyopathy (CM) is a primary degenerative disease of myocardium and is traditionally categorized into hypertrophic and dilated CMs (HCM and DCM) according to its gross appearance. Cardiomyopathic hamster (CM hamster), a representative model of human hereditary CM, has HCM and DCM inbred sublines, both of which des...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sakamoto A,Ono K,Abe M,Jasmin G,Eki T,Murakami Y,Masaki T,Toyo-oka T,Hanaoka F

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress exacerbates neovascularization (NV) in many disease processes. In this study we investigated the mechanism of that effect. Mice deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1(-/-) mice) have increased oxidative stress and show severe ocular NV that is reduced to baseline by antioxidants. Compared with wild...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dong A,Shen J,Zeng M,Campochiaro PA

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:After five decades of largely serendipitous (albeit formidable) progress, catalyst design in Ziegler-Natta olefin polymerization, i.e., the rational implementation of new active species to target predetermined polyolefin architectures, has ultimately become a realistic ambition, thanks to a much deeper fundamental und...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Busico V,Cipullo R,Pellecchia R,Ronca S,Roviello G,Talarico G

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Depolarization of neuroblastoma cells causes a 70-fold increase in the apparent dissociation constant KD for scorpion toxin enhancement of activation of the action potential Na+ ionophore by veratridine and a large increase in the rate of reversal of scorpion toxin action. Depolarization also inhibits binding of 125I-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Catterall WA,Ray R,Morrow CS

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A transient transfection assay using Drosophila S2 tissue culture cells and WT and mutant Drosophila vnd/NK-2 homeobox cDNAs was used to localize repression and activation domains of vnd/NK-2 homeodomain protein. A repression domain was identified near the N terminus of vnd/NK-2 homeodomain protein (amino acid residue...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stepchenko A,Nirenberg M

更新日期：2004-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Monovalent antibodies (Fab) directed to two classes of transformation-sensitive cell surface components, ganglioside and galactoprotein a (Gap a), inhibit the process of oncogenic viral transformation of cells. Mouse 3T3 cells infected with murine sarcoma virus were not transformed in terms of morphology change and en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lingwood CA,Ng A,Hakomori S

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sea urchins are a major component of recent marine communities where they exert a key role as grazers and benthic predators. However, their impact on past marine organisms, such as crinoids, is hard to infer in the fossil record. Analysis of bite mark frequencies on crinoid columnals and comprehensive genus-level dive...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gorzelak P,Salamon MA,Baumiller TK

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl monomethyl (or monoethyl) ester to mice leads to substantial increases in the levels of glutathione in the liver and kidney. Mice depleted of glutathione by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine, a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, exhibited about a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Puri RN,Meister A

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of precipitation events, which is likely to affect the probability of flooding into the future. In this paper we use river flow simulations from nine global hydrology and land surface models to explore unce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dankers R,Arnell NW,Clark DB,Falloon PD,Fekete BM,Gosling SN,Heinke J,Kim H,Masaki Y,Satoh Y,Stacke T,Wada Y,Wisser D

更新日期：2014-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Refinement of neural circuits in the mammalian cerebral cortex shapes brain function during development and in the adult. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying the synapse-specific shrinkage and loss of spiny synapses when neural circuits are remodeled remain poorly defined. Here, we show that low-frequency glu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oh WC,Hill TC,Zito K

更新日期：2013-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose that retroviruses exploit a cell-encoded pathway of intercellular vesicle traffic, exosome exchange, for both the biogenesis of retroviral particles and a low-efficiency but mechanistically important mode of infection. This Trojan exosome hypothesis reconciles current paradigms of retrovirus-directed transm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gould SJ,Booth AM,Hildreth JE

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Fas, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, can induce apoptosis when activated by Fas ligand binding or anti-Fas antibody crosslinking. Genetic studies have shown that a defect in Fas-mediated apoptosis resulted in abnormal development and function of the immune system in mice. A point mutation in the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chu K,Niu X,Williams LT

更新日期：1995-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A family of nanoscale-sized supramolecular cage compounds with a polyhedral framework is prepared by self-assembly from tritopic building blocks and rectangular corner units via noncovalent coordination interactions. These highly symmetrical cage compounds are described as face-directed, self-assembled truncated tetra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leininger S,Fan J,Schmitz M,Stang PJ

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial transposon Tn7 encodes two distinct but overlapping transposition pathways. tnsABC + tnsD promote transposition to a specific site, attTn7, while tnsABC + tnsE promote transposition to many other sites unrelated to attTn7. We have identified a tnsD-dependent DNA binding activity that specifically recogni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Waddell CS,Craig NL

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate yeast sex chromosome evolution by comparing genome sequences from 16 species in the family Saccharomycetaceae, including data from genera Tetrapisispora, Kazachstania, Naumovozyma, and Torulaspora. We show that although most yeast species contain a mating-type (MAT) locus and silent HML and HMR loci str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon JL,Armisén D,Proux-Wéra E,ÓhÉigeartaigh SS,Byrne KP,Wolfe KH

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the earliest and most important stages during tumorigenesis is the activation of the angiogenic process, an event that is termed the "switch to the angiogenic phenotype." We have developed an in vivo system that can reliably recapitulate the stages in tumor development that represent this transition. Using this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fang J,Shing Y,Wiederschain D,Yan L,Butterfield C,Jackson G,Harper J,Tamvakopoulos G,Moses MA

更新日期：2000-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Ras proteins are small GTP binding proteins that serve as critical relays in a variety of signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. Like most metazoan Ras proteins, yeast Ras is post-translationally modified by addition of a farnesyl and a palmitoyl moiety, and these modifications are required for targeting th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhattacharya S,Chen L,Broach JR,Powers S

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthesis of rebeccamycin, an antitumor compound, involves the remarkable eight-electron oxidation of chlorinated chromopyrrolic acid. Although one rebeccamycin biosynthetic enzyme is capable of generating low levels of the eight-electron oxidation product on its own, a second protein, RebC, is required to acce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ryan KS,Howard-Jones AR,Hamill MJ,Elliott SJ,Walsh CT,Drennan CL

更新日期：2007-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:During the entry process, the human papillomavirus (HPV) capsid is trafficked to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), whereupon it enters the nucleus during mitosis. We previously demonstrated that the minor capsid protein L2 assumes a transmembranous conformation in the TGN. Here we provide evidence that the incoming viral...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DiGiuseppe S,Luszczek W,Keiffer TR,Bienkowska-Haba M,Guion LG,Sapp MJ

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete amino acid sequence of Xenopus laevis nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B (MHC-B) has been deduced from overlapping cDNA clones isolated from an XTC cell library. RNA blots of various developmental stages, adult tissues, and XTC cells detect a single transcript of 7.5 kb which is expressed at similar levels th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhatia-Dey N,Adelstein RS,Dawid IB

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebellar granule cells are the most abundant neurons in the brain, and granule cell precursors (GCPs) are a common target of transformation in the pediatric brain tumor medulloblastoma. Proliferation of GCPs is regulated by the secreted signaling molecule Sonic hedgehog (Shh), but the mechanisms by which Shh control...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oliver TG,Grasfeder LL,Carroll AL,Kaiser C,Gillingham CL,Lin SM,Wickramasinghe R,Scott MP,Wechsler-Reya RJ

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic poisoning affects millions of people worldwide. Human arsenic intake from rice consumption can be substantial because rice is particularly efficient in assimilating arsenic from paddy soils, although the mechanism has not been elucidated. Here we report that two different types of transporters mediate transpor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma JF,Yamaji N,Mitani N,Xu XY,Su YH,McGrath SP,Zhao FJ

更新日期：2008-07-22 00:00:00