Abstract:
:Somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis is achieved by culturing bending-cotyledon embryos on a 2,4-D-containing induction medium for 14 d followed by a transfer on to a hormone-free development medium. Several genes orthologous to Arabidopsis SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM), CLAVATA 1 (CLV1), and ZWILLE (ZLL) were isolated from Brassica oleracea (Bo), B. rapa (Br), and B. napus (Bn), and ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis to assess their effects on somatic embryogenesis. Ectopic expression of BoSTM, BrSTM, and BnSTM increased the number of somatic embryos, whereas a different effect was observed in lines overexpressing BnCLV1 in which somatic embryo formation was severely repressed. The introduction of BnZLL did not have any effects on Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis. The increased embryo-forming capacity observed in lines overexpressing Brassica STM was associated with a lower requirement for the inductive signal 2,4-D, and a higher expression of WUSCHEL (WUS) which demarcates the formation of embryogenic cells. This was in contrast to the 35S::BnCLV1 lines which showed the highest requirement for exogenous 2,4-D and a reduced WUS expression. Microarray studies were conducted to monitor global changes in transcript levels during Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis between the wild-type (WT) line and a BoSTM-overexpressing line, which showed the most pronounced enhancement of somatic embryo yield. The introduction of BoSTM affected the expression of many genes involved in hormone perception and signalling, as well as genes encoding DNA methyltransferases and enzymes of glutathione metabolism. Pharmacological experiments performed to confirm some of the microarray results showed that Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis is encouraged by a global hypomethylation of the DNA during the induction phase and by a switch of the glutathione pool towards an oxidized state during the subsequent development phase. Both events occurred in the 35S::BoSTM line, but not in the WT line. Altered expression of Brassica STM also had profound effects on B. napus microspore-derived embryogenesis. The yield of microspore-derived embryos increased in lines overexpressing BnSTM and significantly decreased in antisense lines down-regulating BnSTM.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Elhiti M,Tahir M,Gulden RH,Khamiss K,Stasolla Cdoi
10.1093/jxb/erq222subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-01 00:00:00pages
4069-85issue
14eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
erq222journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) comprise a family of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins that are implicated in plant growth and development. In this study, 69 AGPs are identified from the rice genome, including 13 classical AGPs, 15 arabinogalactan (AG) peptides, three non-classical AGPs, three early nodulin-like AGPs ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq104
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Particular physiological traits allow the vascular plants Deschampsia antarctica Desv. and Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl. to inhabit Antarctica. The photosynthetic performance of these species was evaluated in situ, focusing on diffusive and biochemical constraints to CO2 assimilation. Leaf gas exchange, Chl a f...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erx148
更新日期:2017-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Plants co-evolved with an enormous variety of microbial pathogens and insect herbivores under daily and seasonal variations in abiotic environmental conditions. Hence, plant cells display a high capacity to respond to diverse stresses through a flexible and finely balanced response network that involves components suc...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw079
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants have developed diverse defence mechanisms to ward off herbivorous pests. However, agriculture still faces estimated crop yield losses ranging from 25% to 40% annually. These losses arise not only because of direct feeding damage, but also because many pests serve as vectors of plant viruses. Herbivorous thrips ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery060
更新日期:2018-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::The mistletoe, Viscum album, living on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) has been reported barely to regulate its transpiration and thus heavily to affect the gas exchange of its host. The extent of this mistletoe effect and its underlying mechanism has, so far, only been partially analysed. In this study, pine branches w...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/err432
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cDNA clone encoding aspartate aminotransferase (PVAAT-2) (EC 2.6.1.1) was isolated from the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris nodule cDNA library. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the full-length cDNA allowed its identification by comparison with sequence databases. The amino acid sequence of the bean PvAAT-2 showed...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erg161
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-temperature stress is an important factor affecting the growth and development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in temperate and high-elevation areas. Cold stress may cause various seedling injuries, delayed heading and yield reduction due to spikelet sterility. In this study, 181 microsatellite marker loci were used to ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erg243
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among dicotyledon families, Chenopodiaceae has the most C(4) species and the greatest diversity in structural forms of C(4). In subfamily Salicornioideae, C(4) photosynthesis has, so far, only been found in the genus Halosarcia which is now included in the broadly circumscribed Tecticornia. Comparative anatomical, cyt...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern028
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stress induces changes of modified nucleosides in tRNA, and these changes can influence codon-anticodon interaction and therefore the translation of target proteins. Certain nucleoside modification genes are associated with regulation of stress tolerance and immune response in plants. In this study, we found a dramati...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erx061
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays pivotal roles in the regulation of developmental and environmental responses in plants. Identification of cytoplasmic ABA receptors enabled the elucidation of the main ABA signalling pathway, connecting ABA perception to either nuclear events or the action of several transpor...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ers188
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans (mixed-linkage glucans) are found in tissues of members of the Poaceae (grasses), and are particularly high in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains. The present study describes the isolation of three independent (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanless (betaglucanless; bgl) mutants of barley which completely lack (1,...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/err285
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway has emerged as a central hub synchronizing plant growth according to the nutrient/energy status and environmental inputs. Molecular mechanisms through which TOR promotes plant growth involve the positive regulation of transcription of cell proliferation-associated genes, mRNA tran...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery459
更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Soil fertility provides the foundation for nutritious food production and resilient and sustainable livelihoods. A comprehensive survey and summit meeting were conducted with the aims of understanding barriers to enhancing soil fertility in sub-Saharan Africa and providing evidence-based recommendations. The focus reg...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz446
更新日期:2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is implicated in pollen tube growth, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms that it mediates are largely unknown. Here, it is shown that exogenous GABA modulates putative Ca(2+)-permeable channels on the plasma membranes of tobacco pollen grains and pollen tubes. Whole-cell voltage-clamp ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eru171
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the effect of root-zone pH on characteristic responses of NH4+ -fed plants, soybeans (Glycine max¿L.¿ Merr. cv. Ransom) were grown in flowing solution culture for 21 d on four sources of N (1.0 mol m-3 NO3-, 0.67 mol m-3 NO3- plus 0.33 mol m-3 NH4+, 0.33 mol m-3 NO3- plus 0.67 mol m-3 NH4+, and 1.0 mol m-3 NH...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/42.2.189
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing potato tubers or freshly harvested mature tubers have a dormant apical bud. Normally, this dormancy is spontaneously broken after a period of maturation of the tuber, resulting in the growth of a new sprout. Here it is shown that in in vitro-cultured growing and maturing tubers, ethanol can rapidly break this ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri245
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frost hardiness of many plants such as chickpea can be increased by exposure to low non-freezing temperatures and/or the application of abscisic acid (ABA), a process known as frost acclimation. Experiments were conducted to study the response over a 14 d period of enriched plasma membrane fractions isolated from ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erl120
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Topoisomerase I (topo I) is a nuclear enzyme which plays a fundamental role in several pathways involving changes in DNA topology. The topo I-mediated reaction is accomplished by the transient covalent binding of the enzyme to DNA (topo I-DNA complex). Stabilization of the topo I-DNA complex, leading to irreversible d...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erj194
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes encoding pathogenesis-related (PR-) proteins isolated from a cDNA library of Fusarium graminearum-infected wheat spikes of scab-resistant cultivar 'Sumai-3' were transformed into susceptible spring wheat, 'Bobwhite' using a biolistic transformation protocol, with the goal of enhancing levels of resistance agains...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erg110
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stomata are the major gates regulating substrate availability for photosynthesis and water loss. Although both processes are critical to yield and to resource-use efficiency, we lack a comprehensive picture on how domestication and further breeding have impacted on leaf stomata. To fill this gap, stomatal sizes and de...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert147
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) decreases reactive oxygen species production under stress conditions by uncoupling the electrochemical gradient from ATP synthesis. This study combined transcriptome profiling with experimentally induced hypoxia to mechanistically dissect the impact of Arabidopsis thaliana UCP...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv460
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many legumes have the capacity to enter into a symbiotic association with soil bacteria generically called 'rhizobia' that results in the formation of new lateral organs on roots called nodules within which the rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). Up to 200 million tonnes of N per annum is fixed by this association....
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv357
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dormancy-associated MADS-box (DAM) genes PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 have been shown to play important roles in bud endodormancy; however, their molecular regulatory mechanism in peach is unclear. In this study, by use of yeast one-hybrid screening, we isolated a TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR transc...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz516
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Plant leaf senescence and defence responses are important biological processes, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood. This study identified a new rice mutant, spotted leaf 29 (spl29). The SPL29 gene was identified by map-based cloning, and SPL29 was confirmed as UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyropho...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eru456
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maize seedling water relations and abscisic acid (ABA) levels were measured over 24 h of root chilling (5.5 degrees C). At 2.5 h into chilling, leaf ABA levels increased by 40x and stomatal conductance (g(s)) decreased to 20% compared with prechill levels. Despite a rapid g(s) response to root chilling, leaf water pot...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erh215
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detyrosination of α-tubulin seems to be conserved in all eukaryotes. However, its biological function in plants has remained obscure. A conserved C-terminal tyrosine is removed by a still unidentified tubulin-tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTC) and can be religated by a tubulin-tyrosine ligase (TTL). To obtain insight int...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv012
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is the predominant grain legume crop in southern Australia, contributing half of the total grain legume production of Australia. Its yield in Australia is hampered by a range of subsoil constraints. The adaptation of lupin genotypes to subsoil constraints may be improved ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw127
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to understand the role of cytosolic antioxidant enzymes in drought stress protection, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants overexpressing cytosolic Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (cytsod) (EC 1.15.1.1) or ascorbate peroxidase (cytapx) (EC 1.11.1.1) alone, or in combination, were produced and t...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq432
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inside chloroplasts, several abiotic stresses (including drought, high light, salinity, or extreme temperatures) induce a reduction in CO2 assimilation rates with a consequent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately leading to leaf senescence and yield loss. Photo-oxidation processes should th...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/eru086
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::When plants develop, cell proliferation and cell expansion are tightly controlled in order to generate organs with a determinate final size such as leaves. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of the cell proliferation phase for leaf growth, illustrating that cell-cycle regulation is crucial for correct le...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert388
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00