Abstract:
PURPOSE:The goal of this study was to describe the gender difference of grief experience and mood distress among caregivers who cared for terminal cancer patients residing in a hospice ward. METHODS:This study recruited 432 caregivers who cared for terminal cancer patients in the hospice ward. Caregivers received telephone interviews 6 months after the patients had died. The Chinese versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) developed in 1995 by Prigerson et al. were employed to assess the mood distress and grief status. RESULTS:Total scores of BDI, BAI, and ICG were significantly higher in females. Six out of twenty-one items of BDI, lack of satisfaction, crying spells, sleep disturbance, fatigability, somatic preoccupation, and loss of libido, showed significantly higher scores in females. According to BAI, inability to relax, dizziness, fear of dying, fright, flushed face, and hot/cold sweats were significantly higher in females. After adjustment for potential confounders, the results show that female gender is associated with higher BDI (regression coefficient 3.24, 95% CI: 1.48-4.99), BAI (3.8; 1.11-6.50), and ICG (4.25, 1.09-7.40). Dichotomizing the BDI, BAI, and ICG into severe and nonsevere cases, the results showed that gender only contributes to severe anxiety status (BAI ≥ 36), but not to severe depression (BDI ≥ 29) or to prolonged grief (ICG ≥ 25). CONCLUSIONS:Bereaved females had higher scores for depression and anxiety than males. Female gender is associated with severe anxiety; however, it is not associated with severe depression or prolonged grief.
journal_name
Psychooncologyjournal_title
Psycho-oncologyauthors
Chiu YW,Yin SM,Hsieh HY,Wu WC,Chuang HY,Huang CTdoi
10.1002/pon.1811subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
1061-8issue
10eissn
1057-9249issn
1099-1611journal_volume
20pub_type
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