Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) manifest as a spectrum of related disorders in the form of thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). New data on both diseases support more and more the relatedness of the disorders and reveal related pathomechanisms, which, however, manifest in different organs. TTP develops primarily at neurological sites, and also in the kidney, and HUS is a kidney disease. In TTP thrombi formation occurs subsequently to the release of multimers of von Willebrand factor (vWF), and in HUS endothelial cell damage is considered the reason for complement and platelet activation leading to thrombus formation. RECENT FINDINGS:Genetic mutations are associated with both disorders: in TTP the ADAMTS13 gene, the vWF cleaving protease, is affected, and in HUS several complement genes are mutated. In addition autoimmune forms, with acquired, de-novo generated inhibitors in the form of autoantibodies exist for both disorders, affecting ADAMTS13 in TTP or the central complement inhibitor factor H in HUS. In HUS autoantibodies can develop in the context of a specific mostly homozygous chromosomal deletion that represents a new subform of the disease, which is termed DEAP-HUS (deficient for CFHR proteins and autoantibody positive HUS). SUMMARY:As the underlying disease mechanisms of TMA are now being better understood new options for a more precise diagnosis, improved therapy and prognosis for kidney transplantation become available for the benefit of patients. Here we summarize the recent developments in this rapidly progressing field.
journal_name
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertensjournal_title
Current opinion in nephrology and hypertensionauthors
Zipfel PF,Heinen S,Skerka Cdoi
10.1097/MNH.0b013e32833aff4asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-07-01 00:00:00pages
372-8issue
4eissn
1062-4821issn
1473-6543journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The chemical identification and functional characterization of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors varies depending on vascular size, vascular bed and species. Three major candidates are the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid, potassium ion and hydrogen peroxide. Additio...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200203000-00008
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardinal feature of systemic lupus erythematosus is the formation of anti-nuclear antibodies. In recent years, it has become clear that the nucleosome is a major autoantigen that drives this T cell-dependent autoimmune response, as exemplified by the presence of nucleosome-specific T helper cells and the high prev...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199905000-00005
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To evaluate the role of restricting dietary sodium intake in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. RECENT FINDINGS:A consistent line of evidence shows that high dietary sodium intake is a determinant of therapy resistance to blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e3283312fc8
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The imbalances in the activities of various components of the neurohormonal system that maintain renal homeostasis may have important implications in pathophysiology. This review aims to examine the evidence for disparities between angiotensin II and nitric oxide in acute and chronic kidney diseases. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e3282f29a8b
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The renal distal tubule has been considered for a long time as the main cellular target of aldosterone, where the hormone enhances sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion. However, other cell types in nonepithelial tissues, such as the heart, the vessels, adipose tissue, and macrophages, are now a...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834fb25b
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is much interest in cystatin C to replace or supplement serum creatinine to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Here we review the performance of cystatin C and combined creatinine-cystatin C estimating equations compared to creatinine-based estimating equations in chronic and acute k...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834b8850
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review will critically highlight the role of leukotrienes as mediators of renal diseases and drug nephrotoxicity. It will also discuss the recently identified mechanism of cysteinyl leukotrienes induction and action, and will propose clinical implementation of these findings. RECENT FINDINGS:Sin...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000381
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The gut-kidney axis plays a critical role in oxalate homeostasis, and better understanding of oxalate transport regulatory mechanisms is essential for developing novel therapies. RECENT FINDINGS:Oxalate potentially contributes to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, CKD - and end stage renal dis...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000690
更新日期:2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Epigenetic modifications are reversible changes to a cell's DNA or histones that alter gene expression but not DNA sequence. The present review will explore epigenomic profiling and bioinformatics techniques for the study of kidney development and disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Reversible DNA and histone m...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000602
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial evidence indicates that the adverse effects of hypertension on the kidney depend on the degree to which systemic blood pressure elevations are transmitted to the renal microvasculature. Such blood pressure transmission and consequent susceptibility to hypertensive renal damage is markedly exacerbated in st...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200201000-00011
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent enzymes catalyzing target protein deacetylation to modulate cellular metabolism, response to oxidative stress and inflammation, senescence, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies regarding ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000660
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the latest information on body composition among patients with chronic kidney disease and its association with outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Obesity is increasing among patients with end-stage renal disease and is more prevalent when direct measures of adiposity are used rather than BMI. Hig...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000120
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Renal acid-base homeostasis, to a very large extent, depends on renal ammonia production and transport. A putative ammonia transporter family of proteins has recently been identified, and at least two members of this family are expressed in the renal connecting segment and collecting duct. The purpose...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200409000-00009
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is increasing evidence that endothelin receptor blockade and, in particular, ET(A) receptor blockade not only confers protection against proteinuric renal disease in diabetes but also confers vasculoprotection. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent clinical trials using ET(A) receptor blockade in treating pro...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834dde48
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta has been identified as the key mediator of chronic progressive kidney fibrosis in experimental and human kidney diseases. The renoprotective effects of angiotensin II blockade and low-protein diets have recently been linked to downregulation of transformin...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199707000-00014
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines recent advances in understanding of how clinical outcomes for hemodialysis patients may be improved by achieving longer or more frequent treatment times, lower ultrafiltration rates (UFRs), improving nutritional status, and individualizing dialysate composition. This review also d...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328365b34c
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current knowledge regarding the role of the intrarenal rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the regulation of glomerular function including glomerular dynamics and filtration rate, glomerular permeability and structural alterations during chronic...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000436544.86508.f1
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the nature of allorecognition is fundamental to the design of antigen-specific therapies for transplantation. As recently as 10 years ago it was generally believed that recognition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules by T lymphocytes was direct and represented the "simplest" kind of T-lym...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199311000-00007
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine is one of the major natriuretic hormone. It acts as an autocrine or paracrine factor to inhibit Na+ transport in several tubular segments. Na+,K(+)-ATPase is an important target protein for dopamine. Studies of the tubular effects of dopamine have provided new information about the coupling of dopamine to int...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199401000-00005
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suspected that abnormalities of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway could underlie certain forms of hypertension. In this review, we will consider the role of nitric oxide in primary and secondary models of experimental hypertension and discuss potential abnormalities of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199503000-00012
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a member of the lipocalin superfamily of carrier proteins. NGAL is the first known mammalian protein which specifically binds organic molecules called siderophores, which are high-affinity iron chelators. Here, we review the expression, siderophore-...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000232886.81142.58
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension in kidney transplant patients is a common complication that affects long-term patient and allograft survival. Although multifactorial in nature, at least two causes can be corrected by surgical or radiologic intervention--stenosis and native kidney-associated hypertension. Unfortunately, the current immun...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199210000-00015
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fibrosis is an important biomarker of chronic kidney injury, and a powerful predictor of renal outcome. Currently, the only method for measuring fibrotic burden is histologic analysis, which requires a kidney biopsy in humans, or kidney removal in animal models. These requirements have not only hinder...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000650
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 12 months additional evidence has emerged from several studies, indicating that hepatitis C virus infection is the most important liver disease after renal transplantation. A new, severe and rare entity called fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis can lead to early liver failure, although the most important ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199803000-00006
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is common and associated with fatigue, reduced quality of life and poorer clinical outcomes. Treatment with oral iron is often inadequate and international guidelines recommend intravenous (i.v.) iron as the preferred option for the treatment of IDA in certain clinical si...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000263
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Defective transduction of the dopamine receptor signal in the kidney has been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension This review will discuss the genetic mechanism for the defective renal dopaminergic function and the interaction with other gene variant products in the pathogenesis ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200303000-00010
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldosterone plays a major role in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption, of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure. Such specific mineralocorticoid physiological adaptations occur despite the large prevalence of glucocorticoid hormones over aldosterone in the plasma. Indeed both classes of hormones bind w...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199901000-00008
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) influence renal function through angiogenesis, with VEGF-A being the most potent inducer of vascular formation. In the normal glomerulus, tight homeostatic balance is maintained between the levels of VEGF-A isoforms produced by podocyte cells, and the VEGF r...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000256
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proximal tubule in the kidney is a main organ for the metabolic clearance of small peptide hormones, and is intensively involved in reabsorption, storage and homeostatic regulation of different vitamins. Recently, the endocytic membrane protein megalin has been shown to bind several smaller peptides, including ins...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199701000-00005
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as an effective and safe alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention. However, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience an increase in the risk of both thromboembolism and bleeding, ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000493
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00