Abstract:
:The gambler's fallacy is defined as the avoidance of a winning outcome in a stochastic environment with a constant probability. We tested the possibility that the gambler's fallacy in humans is responsive to the amount of time between choice allocations. Two groups of subjects were placed in a six-choice betting game in which the choices were clustered into two "patches." Groups were defined by the length of time - 2s or 6s - between trials. On any given trial subjects allocated six points among the alternatives, and retained any points that were bet on the winning alternative. Both groups showed evidence of the gambler's fallacy bias. However, the bias was stronger in the 6-s ITI group than in the 2-s ITI group. This difference was found primarily to be due to differences in the number of subjects showing an opposing bias to the gambler's fallacy, namely a preference for the most recent winning alternative. This choice bias is termed the hot hand fallacy. Our findings contradict predictions derived from a foraging heuristic and from traditional accounts of the gambler's fallacy.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Militana E,Wolfson E,Cleaveland JMdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2010.02.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
455-9issue
1eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(10)00048-3journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sensitivity to time was investigated to test the linear-timing hypothesis. A long duration was adjusted until accuracy was 75% correct for a short duration in a two-choice procedure. Short durations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 s) were selected from previous research that suggests that sensitivity to time is non...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
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更新日期:2001-06-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of schedules of reinforcement on the development of superstitious conditioning was investigated in a college age population. Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight operant schedules and instructed to remove (escape), prevent and/or remove (avoidance and escape) or produce (positive) the appearanc...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2007.02.010
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper investigates the possible role of neuroanatomical features in Pavlovian conditioning, via computer simulations with layered, feedforward artificial neural networks. The networks' structure and functioning are described by a strongly bottom-up model that takes into account the roles of hippocampal and dopami...
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abstract::Numerous investigators have examined the hypothesis that males and females learn or perform differentially on various tasks. However, many of the behavioural investigations with nonhuman animals (e.g., rats) have used paradigms that do not permit the exploration of complex learning and memory between the sexes. To thi...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Operant and maze tasks in mice are limited by the small number of trials possible in a session before mice lose motivation. We hypothesized that by manipulating reward size and session length, motivation, and hence performance, would be maintained in an automated T-maze. We predicted that larger rewards and shorter se...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Giant African pouched rats (Cricetomys ansorgei) have been employed successfully in two operational tuberculosis-detection projects in which they sniff sputum samples from symptomatic individuals who have visited tuberculosis clinics. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in this population is high, approximately 2...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
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abstract::In social species such as house mouse, being dominant is vital. Determination of dominance may start early in life and vary during ontogeny. We asked whether pre-pubertal and adolescent behaviour predicts the rank a male mouse finally obtains. Moreover, we asked how dominant vs. subordinate adults differ in exploratio...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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abstract::In the first experiment, farmed blue foxes were allowed to choose for 1 week between four standard farm cages equipped with different floor materials: plastic-coated wire mesh, dry wood, dry sand and wet (summer) or icy (winter) sand. Resting consisted of 10-15 separate bouts/day occupying 50-60% of the total 24-h. Th...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-04-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2019.05.013
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resurgence of previously extinguished behavior may occur when a recently reinforced alternative response is placed on extinction. Understanding the conditions that produce and reduce resurgence is important for both basic and applied researchers. Research on resurgence of human behavior may benefit from methods that f...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2017.05.004
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant correlations (P<0.05) between meals and preceding intervals were shown more often by Japanese quail when fed on diluted mash (40% cellulose) than with undiluted mash or pellets. They showed significant correlations between meals and succeeding intervals with about the same frequency on all three foods. Mos...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(81)90013-9
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Object exploration is an increasingly popular experimental paradigm in behavioral sciences. We have begun a series of studies with mice specifically looking at the parameters that influence behaviors in this test. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of object type on performance in the object explor...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.12.004
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that duration of tonic immobility (TI) reflects predation risk and levels of fearfulness. Since the chances of escaping predation are higher in larger groups, birds from these groups should have shorter TI duration. On the other hand, increased competition between birds in larger groups might lead to...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(97)00081-8
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::B.F. Skinner argued that the science of behavior would progress more rapidly without appealing to theories of learning. He also suggested that theories in a quite different sense were possible, but that the science of behavior as of 1950 was not ready for them. The following analysis distinguishes between Skinner's tw...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.02.005
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is growing evidence that a change in reward magnitude or value alters interval timing, indicating that motivation and timing are not independent processes as was previously believed. The present paper reviews several recent studies, as well as presenting some new evidence with further manipulations of reward val...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hosts of interspecific brood parasites often evolve antiparasitic defences, like the recognition and rejection of parasite's eggs. Most hosts use differences in coloration and maculation to discriminate between their own and parasitic eggs, but there are a few cases of hosts using the size of eggs as a cue. To recogni...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the 20th century there has been considerable progress in the study of animal cognition, based on essential ideas that were developed earlier. These essential ideas include the metaphors of the animal, the questions, the sources of hypotheses, and the types of explanations. The progress cannot be generally chara...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrasonic calls produced by three day old mice when separated from the nest mother and siblings increase in number when naloxone is injected. ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.12.011
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous data suggest that in a peak-interval procedure with gaps, memory for the pre-gap interval varies with the discriminability of the gap from the to-be-timed signal. Here we extend this finding by manipulating the pre-gap and gap intervals as well as the visual contrast between the gap and the to-be-timed signal...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Contingency, and more particularly temporal contingency, has often figured in thinking about the nature of learning. However, it has never been formally defined in such a way as to make it a measure that can be applied to most animal learning protocols. We use elementary information theory to define contingency in suc...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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