Abstract:
PURPOSE:To describe refractive status in children and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and relate refractive error to standardized measures of type and severity of CP impairment and to ocular dimensions. METHODS:A population-based sample of 118 participants aged 4 to 23 years with CP (mean 11.64 +/- 4.06) and an age-appropriate control group (n = 128; age, 4-16 years; mean, 9.33 +/- 3.52) were recruited. Motor impairment was described with the Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS), and subtype was allocated with the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE). Measures of refractive error were obtained from all participants and ocular biometry from a subgroup with CP. RESULTS:A significantly higher prevalence and magnitude of refractive error was found in the CP group compared to the control group. Axial length and spherical refractive error were strongly related. This relation did not improve with inclusion of corneal data. There was no relation between the presence or magnitude of spherical refractive errors in CP and the level of motor impairment, intellectual impairment, or the presence of communication difficulties. Higher spherical refractive errors were significantly associated with the nonspastic CP subtype. The presence and magnitude of astigmatism were greater when intellectual impairment was more severe, and astigmatic errors were explained by corneal dimensions. Conclusions. High refractive errors are common in CP, pointing to impairment of the emmetropization process. Biometric data support this CONCLUSION:In contrast to other functional vision measures, spherical refractive error is unrelated to CP severity, but those with nonspastic CP tend to demonstrate the most extreme errors in refraction.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Saunders KJ,Little JA,McClelland JF,Jackson AJdoi
10.1167/iovs.09-4670subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
2885-90issue
6eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.09-4670journal_volume
51pub_type
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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