Abstract：
:Previous work in this laboratory has shown that adrenal medullary transplants into the spinal cord subarachnoid space can reduce pain sensitivity. This analgesia most likely results from the release of neuroactive substances, particularly catecholamines and opioid peptides, from the transplanted cells into the CSF of the spinal cord, since it can be attenuated or blocked by alpha-adrenergic or opiate antagonists. The purpose of the present study was to more directly measure the release of catecholamines from adrenal medullary transplants in the spinal cord CSF using a spinal superfusion technique. CSF samples from rats with 6-month-old transplants were assayed for catecholamines using HPLC with electro-chemical detection. Results indicated that norepinephrine levels were increased threefold, and epinephrine levels nearly 100-fold, in animals with adrenal medullary transplants compared with control transplanted animals. There was no apparent increase in dopamine levels. Furthermore, the increased levels of total catecholamines were correlated with decreased pain sensitivity. Results of this study indicate that adrenal medullary transplants can survive for long periods in the rat spinal CSF and continue to release high levels of catecholamines. Together, the release of catecholamines and opioid peptides from adrenal medullary transplants may provide the ideal combination for the reduction of pain.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Sagen J,Kemmler JE,Wang Hdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08195.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-02-01 00:00:00pages
623-7issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A wealth of evidence supports the view that conformational change of the prion protein, PrPC, into a pathogenic isoform, PrPSc, is the hallmark of sporadic, infectious, and inherited forms of prion disease. Although the central role played by PrPSc in the pathogenesis of prion disease is appreciated, the cellular mech...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01819.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The autoradiographic method with L-[35S]methionine was used to determine the effects of an n-3 fatty acid deficiency on brain protein synthesis. Brain protein synthesis was significantly increased (from 50 to 150%) in 45 of the 52 brain structures studied in n-3 fatty acid-deficient rats as compared with control anima...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63051995.x
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms are caused by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. The most common causes of hereditary PD are mutations in the PARKIN gene. The ubiquitin ligase parkin has been shown to mediate neuroprotection in cell culture and in vivo, but the molecular mechanisms a...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05277.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) was measured in selected regions of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord of untreated rabbits and, following intrathecal injection of the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), in the thoracolumbar cord in rats using a sheep ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08434.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axonal degeneration is a key component of many neurodegenerative diseases. Injured axons undergo a program of self-destruction termed Wallerian degeneration that is an active, well-regulated process. The pathways leading to axon fragmentation are uncharacterized, but experiments with wld(s) mutant mice led to the disc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06002.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of neuritic and amyloid plaques, vascular amyloid, and neurofibrillary tangles in specific brain areas. The main constituent of amyloid deposits is amyloid beta protein, a 40-42 amino acid proteolytic product of the amyloid beta-precursor protein...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66052011.x
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The changes of glutathione S-transferase activity were investigated using rat brain astroglioma C6 cells that were synchronized at different phases of the cell cycle. The enzyme showed two significant activity peaks at G2 and G1 phases. Furthermore, when C6 glioma cells were exposed to a culture medium supplemented wi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb13244.x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have found NAD to be rapidly degraded by extracellular enzymes present on intact rat brain synaptosomes. The enzyme involved had the specificity of an NADase cleaving the molecule at the nicotinamide-glycoside linkage and was inhibited by nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). This inhibitor did not displace specific b...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb06085.x
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Focal brain ischemia leads to a slow type of neuronal death in the penumbra that starts several hours after ischemia and continues to mature for days. During this maturation period, blood flow, cellular ATP and ionic homeostasis are gradually recovered in the penumbral region. In striking contrast, protein synthesis i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03838.x
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have observed recently that in vitro lipoperoxidation is enhanced in Down's syndrome brain homogenates of prenatal age. As this may relate to the composition of polyunsaturated acyl groups (PUFA) in phospholipids, we have examined the PUFA of ethanolamine and serine phosphoglycerides (EPG and SPG), which are partic...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12896.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of the regulation of low-abundance blood-brain barrier (BBB) transcripts either in isolated brain microvessels or in endothelial cells in tissue culture (ECL cells) requires isolation of poly(A)+ mRNA. Therefore, we describe here a single-step method for isolation of poly(A)+ mRNA from brain capillaries or E...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06433.x
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently demonstrated that the presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase complex regulates the expression and activity of neprilysin, one of the main enzymes that degrade the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) which accumulates in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we examined the influence of endogenous nicastrin (NCT), a member of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03822.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endogenous neuropeptide N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG) fulfills several criteria required to be accepted as a neurotransmitter. NAAG inactivation may proceed through enzymatic hydrolysis into N-acetyl-L-aspartate and glutamate by an N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase). Therefore, some ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08818.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons from the granular layer of the cerebellum express functional beta 2-adrenoreceptors (beta 2-ARs). We show that stimulation of beta 2-ARs with isoprenaline increases cyclic AMP (cAMP) production and stimulates transcription of genes containing the cAMP-responsive element (CRE; TGACGTCA). This effect is mediated...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64010041.x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of rat C6 glioma cells to either agonists or agents that increase cyclic AMP levels leads to down-regulation of beta 1-adrenergic receptors (beta 1 AR) as measured by loss of radioligand binding sites. The present study examines the influence of isoproterenol and forskolin treatment on levels of beta 1 AR mRN...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63051635.x
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoids (GCs), the adrenal steroids secreted during stress, can compromise the ability of hippocampal neurons to survive numerous necrotic insults. We have previously observed that GCs worsen the deleterious effects of gp120, the glycoprotein of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus, which can indirect...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0741000.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine has been shown to stimulate neurotransmitter release from brain tissue by acting on presynaptic receptors. In this study, the ability of nicotine pretreatment to produce functional desensitization was investigated in rat striatal synaptosomes in which the release of [3H]dopamine was measured with an in vitro ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63020561.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of heat stress on protein synthesis and fast axonal transport were examined in an in vitro bullfrog primary afferent neuron preparation. The magnitude of effect was determined for individual [35S]methionine-labelled protein species separated via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Elevation of temperature...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01833.x
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) regulates the passage of molecules and leukocytes in and out of the brain. Oxidative stress is a major underlying cause of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders and BBB injury associated with them. Using human BMVEC grown...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04393.x
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Addiction is thought to be a memory process between perception and environmental cues and addicted patients often relapse when they come into contact with the drug-related context once again. Here, we used a conditioned place preference protocol to seek a more effective extinction methodology of methamphetamine (METH)...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13525
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P(0), the major protein of PNS myelin, is considered to play a critical role in the compaction and stabilization of myelin lamellae. The protein undergoes extensive posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation at multiple serine moieties in the cytoplasmic region. Recently, we demonstrated that P(0) is p...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750347.x
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transamination of the branched-chain amino acids produces glutamate and branched-chain alpha-ketoacids. The reaction is catalyzed by branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT), of which there are cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms (BCATc and BCATm). BCATc accounts for 70% of brain BCAT activity, and contributes at least...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04332.x
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incubation of [2-3H]glycerol-labeled phosphatidylinositol with a crude cytosol fraction of rat brain in the presence of EDTA yielded [3H]lysophosphatidylinositol predominantly without accumulation of labeled monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol. The pH optimum of this phospholipase A activity was 8.0. The activity for ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb09829.x
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have suggested that protein kinase C is important in the regulation of angiotensin II receptors in neuronal cultures, because the C-kinase agonists, phorbol esters, are able to increase the number of these receptors. In the present study, we have further investigated the role of protein kinase C in an...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb04849.x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mesolimbic system of the brain has been shown to be involved in the reward properties of a number of agents. It is possible that release of monoamines by nicotine in this brain area could be related to the pleasurable aspects related to cigarette smoking. In this investigation, the effect of nicotine on the releas...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb01013.x
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultures of neonatal rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) were used to test the hypothesis that the cytokines leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) control GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) gene expression and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) content as traits of the noradrenergic phenotyp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66062541.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The function of membrane phospholipids (PL) in the regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transport and GABA carrier binding has been investigated in organized cultures of rat cerebral cortex. The cellular lipid composition has been changed by growing the cells in a delipidated nutrient solution or by short-term...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12877.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a selective loss of motor neurones accompanied by intense gliosis in lesioned areas of the brain and spinal cord. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity resulting from impaired astroglial uptake constitutes one of the current pathophysiolog...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03577.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in the brain of patients. To study plaque formation, we report on further quantitative and qualitative analysis of human and mouse amyloid beta peptides (Abeta) from brain extracts of transgenic mice overexpressing the Lo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01556.x
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglial activation by blood-borne factors following blood-brain barrier damage may play a significant role in subsequent neuropathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Exposure of primary cultured rat brain microglia to pure, fatty acid- and lipid-deficient rat serum albumin or fraction V, (fatty acid and...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05953.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
