Abstract:
:In response to concerns about the cost burden of medical care in general and rising pharmaceutical costs in particular, a number of recent studies have examined trends in pharmaceutical expenditures. These studies have reached apparently disparate conclusions about factors responsible for rising pharmaceutical costs and the role that price and volume increases have played. In this paper, we examine methodological approaches that have been used to describe and analyze trends in medical and pharmaceutical expenditures using recent studies as examples. We present in detail one methodology for decomposing the factors of pharmaceutical spending and describe how variation in method can affect study findings. Finally, we consider some research extensions that we feel could considerably improve our understanding of the costs and benefits associated with pharmaceutical expenditures.
journal_name
Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Resjournal_title
Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes researchauthors
Crown WH,Ling D,Berndt Edoi
10.1586/14737167.2.5.467subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-10-01 00:00:00pages
467-75issue
5eissn
1473-7167issn
1744-8379journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The second Medicines Utilization Research in Africa (MURIA) group workshop and symposium again brought researchers together from across Africa to improve their knowledge of drug utilization (DU) methodologies and exchange ideas to further progress DU research in Africa. This built on extensive activities from the firs...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737167.2017.1256775
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health technology assessment (HTA) has become an integral part of decision-making on the coverage of new health technologies in most health systems in the developed world. In recent years, pressure to involve patients and members of the public in HTA has grown. In this article, we summarize findings from peer-reviewed...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.10.82
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is a lack of knowledge about methods for valuing health intervention-related costs and monetary benefits in the education and criminal justice sectors, also known as 'inter-sectoral costs and benefits' (ICBs). The objective of this study was to develop methods for obtaining unit prices for the valuat...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.2016.1141679
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nursing homes are facing increased environmental pressures to improve quality of care. However, this increased emphasis on quality comes at a time when nursing homes are facing revenue constraints as a result of the repeal of the Boren amendment, increased reimbursement based on prospective payment systems and widespr...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.4.1.99
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a complex systemic rheumatological disease which often causes severe disability and impaired quality of life (QoL). We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE electronic database for available literature on QoL and its predictors in patients with AS. Recent evidence indicates that AS patients have p...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737167.2014.957679
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Economists' approaches to priority setting focus on the principles of opportunity cost, marginal analysis and choice under scarcity. These approaches are based on the premise that it is possible to design a rational priority setting system that will produce legitimate changes in resource allocation. However, beyond is...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.10.66
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing understanding of the mechanisms and epidemiology of neonatal herpes simplex virus acquisition allows for the development of a new management of the pregnant patient, one that will reduce the risk of transmitting herpes to the newborn. Maternal herpes simplex virus infection, especially acquired during pregnanc...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.5.6.783
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the cost-effectiveness of single pill fixed dose triple combination therapy vs. free triple combination therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular events among patients with hypertension. METHODS:A Markov model with a five year cycle was constructed. Two decision models incorporating strict and m...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737167.2020.1800457
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well accepted that psoriasis has a profound impact on the life of the patient. Moderate-to-severe psoriasis frequently requires phototherapy or aggressive systemic treatment; unfortunately these treatments have major limitations. New biologic treatments are now available that offer distinct safety advantages and...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.4.5.573
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Up to 10% of the adult population in most countries may be affected by chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The course of the disease is characterized by frequent exacerbations with increased respiratory symptoms. Exacerbations are the most important cause of morbidity and mortality, and signif...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.5.4.423
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been great technological advances in the use of antiretroviral therapies to slow down disease progression in HIV/AIDS. Combinations of therapeutics and the use of several diagnostic methods have resulted in both declines in mortality and the occurrence of opportunistic infections. The higher costs of these ...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.1.1.77
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Standard management includes avoidance of causative factors such as smoking, and pharmacological therapy with combinations of inhaled and/or oral bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Lung transplantation is an estab...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.3.6.729
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthcare reform in any nation is an evolving process. Brought about by demographic, technological, social, cultural, economic and political factors, all healthcare systems are continually confronting issues related to cost, access and quality. This paper examines other countries' approaches to healthcare in the ongo...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.2.3.279
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Resonance metallic stent is a new wire-based ureteral stent that was initially developed for patients with malignant ureteral obstruction. Potential advantages over traditional stents include resistance to encrustation and to external compression, allowing for increased dwell times and the maintenance of upper tra...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/erp.09.74
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate patient perception of the onset of action and overall satisfaction with a fast-dissolving tablet (FDT) formulation of ebastine in patients with intermittent or persistent allergic rhinitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS:This was a cross-sectional, multicenter, pharmacy-based survey involving adult patients (>18...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.8.4.337
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid rise in health care expenses has resulted in an increased interest in the cost of treatments from a cost-effectiveness point of view for management purposes and in a reimbursement setting. The economics of radiotherapy within the global context of health care, and more specifically of cancer therapy, are dis...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.3.4.497
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) play an important role in reimbursement decisions when one of the criteria is the cost-effectiveness of the health technology. While for many generic QALYs (e.g., based on the EQ-5D) are viewed as the gold standard, there has been a considerable increase in interest in using conditi...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.8.5.453
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interest is rising in measuring subjective health outcomes, such as treatment outcomes that are not directly quantifiable (functional disability, symptoms, complaints, side effects and health-related quality of life). Health economists in particular have applied probabilistic choice models in the area of health evalua...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.12.85
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a public health threat to approximately 44 million individuals in the USA, or 55% of men and women over the age of 50 years. The primary goal of osteoporosis management is to prevent fracture, the most devastating consequence. Risk factors and bone mineral density can be assessed to determine appropria...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.6.5.525
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary objective of this review is to develop a conceptual model for Crohn's disease (CD) outlining the disease burden for patients, healthcare systems and wider society, as reported in the scientific literature. A search was conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EconLit, Health Economic Evaluation Database and Cent...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737167.2015.1045883
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pharmacoeconomics Section of the Pharmaceutical Association of Serbia organised a one day international conference on the value of innovation in decision-making in health care in Central and Eastern Europe. The focus of the conference was on reimbursement decisions for medicines using health technology assessment ...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type:
doi:10.1080/14737167.2017.1385394
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment switching has become an important issue in the development and approval of new drugs, particularly in oncology. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) represent the gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, but often patients randomized to the control group are permitted to switch onto th...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1586/14737167.2015.1037835
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Everybody acknowledges the merits of the European Medicines Evaluation Agency and the progress the European system has permitted in evaluating and approving medicinal products. Nevertheless, the system established in 1995 is ripe for updating and improvement in the light of experience. Some limitations of the procedur...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.2.1.51
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Breast cancer, the second most common cancer in women, exerts a multidimensional grave effect on affected women. Among the several subtypes of breast cancer, the overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene is associated with poorer survival and higher relapse rates. Trastuzumab, a m...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737167.2019.1536549
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports on the 'Assessing Cost-Effectiveness' (ACE) initiative in priority setting from Australia. It commences with why priority setting is topical and notes that a wide variety of approaches are available. In assessing these various approaches, it is argued that a useful first step is to consider what c...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.8.6.593
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the literature reporting empirically determined symptom clusters in patients with metastatic cancer. A literature search was conducted on symptom clusters within heterogeneous metastatic cancer patient populations using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Studies examining predetermined symptom clusters ...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.12.41
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review was designed to explore and review the range of patient-reported outcomes used to assess people with epilepsy. Literature searches were conducted through EMBASE.com and supplemented with hand searching of relevant articles. References obtained through hand searches were compared with EMBASE.com citations u...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737167.7.4.373
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review was undertaken to identify relevant and appropriate heath-utility estimates for patients with atrial fibrillation who had stroke and to appraise them against the published requirements for several countries' Health Technology Assessment agencies: Australia (Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee), Canada ...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.09.62
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of longitudinal change in subjective patient-reported outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key component of many clinical and research evaluations. A major goal of measuring patient-reported HRQoL is to determine to what extent changes in HRQoL reports over time represent true ch...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/erp.11.57
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this systematic review was to collect all current data on indirect costs related to inflammatory bowel disease as well as assessing homogeneity and comparability, and conducting a meta-analysis. Costs were collected using databases from Medline, Embase and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination databases, the...
journal_title:Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1586/14737167.2015.1011130
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00