Abstract:
:Biophysical applications ranging from fluorescence microassays to single-molecule microscopy are increasingly dependent on automated nanoscale positional control and stability. A whirlwind of motion-industry innovation has resulted in an array of new motion options offering significant improvements in application performance, reproducibility and throughput. The challenge to leverage these developments depends on researchers, engineers and motion vendors acquiring a common language of specifications and a shared understanding of the challenges posed by application needs. To assist in building this shared understanding, this article reviews today's motion technologies, beginning with a concise review of key principles of motion control focusing on applications. It progresses through illustrations of sensor/encoder technologies and servo techniques. A spectrum of classical and recent motion technologies is explored, from stepper and servo actuation of conventional microscopy stages, to advanced piezo stack nanopositioners capable of picometer precision, to novel ultrasonic resonant piezomotors and piezo-ceramic-based mechanisms capable of high-force positioning over many millimeters while providing resolutions down into the sub-nanometer range. A special emphasis is placed on the effects of integrating multiple motion technologies into an application, such as stacking a fine nanopositioner atop a long-travel stage. Examples and data are presented to clarify these issues, including important and insightful new stability measurements taken directly from an advanced optical trapping application. The important topics of software and interfacing are also explored from an applications perspective, since design-and-debugging time, synchronization capabilities and overall throughput are heavily dependent on these often-overlooked aspects of motion system design. The discussion is designed to illuminate specifications-related topics that become increasingly important as precision requirements tighten. Throughout, both traditional and novel techniques and approaches are explored so that readers are left with a solid overview of the state of the art, and an actionable perspective that readies them to discuss and evaluate specifications and vendor capabilities against practical application requirements.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Biotechnoljournal_title
Current pharmaceutical biotechnologyauthors
Jordan SC,Anthony PCdoi
10.2174/138920109788922173subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-08-01 00:00:00pages
515-21issue
5eissn
1389-2010issn
1873-4316journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Large-scale population studies showed that the SNP rs1764391 of Connexin37 gene also known as Cx37 gene may play a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Published results, however, are highly controversial. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to examine the association ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201019666191003150015
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a high-pH, pH-shift refolding "Ph-Fold technology", both for academic research and industrial protein drug development applications. Using this technology, we were able to refold some "difficult-to-refold" proteins, some of which are proven important drug targets and protein drug candidates. The tech...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138920110791111906
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary fibrosis is an unremitting degenerative lung disease that has an associated high mortality. The major pathological features include the growth of fibroblasts, emergence of myofibroblasts and their production of extracellular matrix that distorts the peripheral lung tissue and impairs respiratory function. Ef...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920111798281045
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The IMiDs represent a new proprietary class of thalidomide analogues that possess greater potency and less toxicity than the parent compound. As a group, these agents share the pharmacologic property of modulating cellular response to ligand activation, the precise biologic effect of which is cell lineage and stimulan...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920106778521587
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Charged-hydrophobic mixed mode chromatography methods have been applied to antibody purification for decades and have focused more recently on the specific task of aggregate removal. They exploit various combinations of alkyl and aromatic hydrophobic groups with positively and/or negatively charged residues. Charge an...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920109788488888
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beyond their originally sole mechanical function, current drug-eluting stents (DES) implement the concept of local drug delivery for the re-opening of stenotic arterial vessels, and for prevention of in-stent restenosis as one of the major limitations of conventional bare metal stents (BMS). Current DES consist of a p...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin is thought to be an important agent in gas gangrene, which is a lifethreatening infection with fever, pain, edema, myonecrosis, and gas production. The toxin (370 residues) is composed of an N-terminal domain (1-250 residues, N-domain) in which the catalytic site is found and a C-te...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389201014666131226124348
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent developement of platelet concentrate for surgical use is an evolution of the fibrin glue technologies used since many years. The initial concept of these autologous preparations was to concentrate platelets and their growth factors in a plasma solution, and to activate it into a fibrin gel on a surgical sit...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920112800624292
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies in humans concluded that a multigenic model including specific FSHR, ESR1 and ESR2 genotype patterns may partially explain the poor response to FSH. The aim of our study is to analyse three different loci -polymorphisms in ESR1 Pvu II, ESR2 Rsa I and Ser680Asn FSH receptor gene- in a Greek popu...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138920112799361891
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) is characterized as a strong suppressing factor of the proliferation of cancerous cells and also by its anti-angiogenic effect. However, the knowledge on the changes in the expression profile of SEMA3B under the influence of cisplatin in endometrial cancer remains fragmented. The aim o...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201021666200514215839
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: CME-1 is a polysaccharide purified from the mycelia of medicinal mushroom Cordyceps sinensis, its molecular weight was determined to be 27.6 kDa by using nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The initiation of arterial thromboses is relevant to various cardiovascular diseases ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To date, an increasing number of pet owners, especially in the USA, are using cannabis-derived products containing generally delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) to help their animals' health. Unfortunately, studies on the clinical use of cannabinoids in veterinary medicine are still limi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201018666171122115815
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study, local sustainable enzyme sources involving excised digestive juice of African land snail and yeast were utilized to achieve the simultaneous saccharification (SSF) and fermentation (SSF) of plantain pseudostem (PPS) waste, and afterwards their effects on terpenoids using gas chromatography cou...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201020666190408120018
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of technologies can be used in the detection of contagious pathogens. In the early stage of an outbreak of a new infectious disease, rtPCR is advantageous over many other assays. The rtPCR can be developed either using low fidelity DNA polymerase or high fidelity DNA polymerase. The application of high fidel...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920110790725339
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone grafts are widely used for augmentation procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery, with autogenous bone being the gold standard. Recently, the focus of research has shifted towards synthetic bone substitutes, as no second surgery is needed and large quantities of graft can easily be provided. Within the broad ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389201017666161202103218
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a well-known vector that is often used for gene therapy to treat cancers. The most attractive feature of HSV is its ability to destroy tumors through a distinctive oncolytic mechanism where the virus can destroy cancer cells via cell lysis, a killing function that no anti-cancer drugs can...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920112800958751
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) encompasses a heterogeneous group of primary antibody deficiency disorders characterized by recurrent infections, autoimmunity and malignancies. Gastrointestinal manifestations are frequently associated with CVID. OBJECTIVE:In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201019666181010170630
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many health hazardous diseases are caused by clinical pathogens. Drugresistant microbes are one of the major health problems in the world. To overcome the effect of infectious diseases new antimicrobial agent from nature has been explored which is environmentally friendly, less costly and more effective for ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.2174/1389201019666180417160049
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is the most common disease in Egypt. In this context, Beta vulgaris subspecies cicla L. var. flavescens is an edible plant that has been used in traditional medicine as a therapy for treating some diseases. OBJECTIVES:The current study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial and potent...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201020666190613161212
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a drug commonly used in the treatment of intermittent claudication. However, numerous research groups report that PTX also may potentially be used in the anticancer therapy following one of the main trends in the nowadays medicine - combined anticancer therapy. SCOPE OF REVIEW:The re...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389201019666180528084641
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone is among the most common locations of metastasis and therefore represents an important clinical target for diagnostic follow-up in cancer patients. In the pathogenesis of bone metastases, disseminated tumor cells proliferating in bone interact with the local microenvironment stimulating or inhibiting osteoclast a...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920112799436285
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the extended laboratory and clinical study of sepsis, its diagnosis remains a clinical challenge. The initiation of sepsis activates many different biochemical and immunological pathways being expressed by alterations of various molecules in human tissues. The detection and measurement of the concent...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389201018666170601080111
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The high cost of orphan drugs limits their access by many patients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Many orphan drugs are off-patent without alternative generic or biosimilar versions available. Production of these drugs at the point-of-care, when feasible, could be a cost-effective alternativ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201021666200217113049
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The present limitations related to the ocular administration of antifungal drugs for the treatment of fungal keratitis include poor ocular bioavailability, limited retention time, and low ocular tissues penetration. METHODS:This study aimed to prepare a novel ophthalmic voriconazole-loaded nanosuspension ba...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201021999200820154918
更新日期:2020-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::The biliary secretion of bile acids is critical for multiple liver functions including digesting fatty nutrients and driving bile flow. When this process is impaired, the accumulating bile acids cause inflammatory liver injury. Multiple ABC transporters in the liver are key players to safeguard the hepatocyte and avoi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920111795163986
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chitin and chitosan derivatives are used as excipients and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical field. Their derivatization contributed to expansion of application and decrease toxicity. Chitosan is used as an excipient in oral dosage form. Chitosan tablet can exhibit a sustained drug release compared to commercial pro...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389201033489748
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Active principles from natural sources, in the form of extracts and natural compounds, provide an infinite number of bioactive compounds with consummate disposal of chemical diversity. These compounds and active principles are of utmost importance in the discovery of drugs of biological origin particularly, ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201022666210122125854
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, characterized by a complex symptomatology and a chronic relapsing course, leading to a more or less intensive residual syndrome. The disorder has strong consequences on social functioning and on the patients' quality of life and is associated with a huge economical burden for...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138920112800784907
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With the improvements in living standards, height is getting more attention. Malnutrition is one of the main causes of children's short stature, therefore nutritional intervention in adolescence is the key to prevent short stature. The peptides from Antarctic krill (AKPs), the ideal protein model, act in bon...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200612170316
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered highly successful and proficient in terms of their mechanical, thermal and electrical functionalization and biocompatibility. In regards to their significant extent in bone regeneration, it has been determined that CNTs hold the capability to endure clinical appli...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389201018666170127105555
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00