Abstract:
:Neuroexcitatory symptoms of acute poisoning of vertebrates by pyrethroids are related to the ability of these insecticides to modify electrical activity in various parts of the nervous system. Repetitive nerve activity, particularly in the sensory nervous system, membrane depolarization, and enhanced neurotransmitter release, eventually followed by block of excitation, result from a prolongation of the sodium current during membrane excitation. This effect is caused by a stereoselective and structure-related interaction with voltage-dependent sodium channels, the primary target site of the pyrethroids. Near-lethal doses of pyrethroids cause sparse axonal damage that is reversed in surviving animals. After prolonged exposure to lower doses of pyrethroids axonal damage is not observed. Occupational exposure to pyrethroids frequently leads to paresthesia and respiratory irritation, which are probably due to repetitive firing of sensory nerve endings. Massive exposure may lead to severe human poisoning symptoms, which are generally treated well by symptomatic and supportive measures.
journal_name
Crit Rev Toxicoljournal_title
Critical reviews in toxicologyauthors
Vijverberg HP,van den Bercken Jdoi
10.3109/10408449009089875subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
105-26issue
2eissn
1040-8444issn
1547-6898journal_volume
21pub_type
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