Abstract:
:The psychological attributes of intelligence and personality are usually seen as being quite distinct in nature: higher intelligence being regarded a 'gift' (bestowed mostly by heredity); while personality or 'character' is morally evaluated by others, on the assumption that it is mostly a consequence of choice? So a teacher is more likely to praise a child for their highly Conscientious personality (high 'C')--an ability to take the long view, work hard with self-discipline and persevere in the face of difficulty--than for possessing high IQ. Even in science, where high intelligence is greatly valued, it is seen as being more virtuous to be a reliable and steady worker. Yet it is probable that both IQ and personality traits (such as high-C) are about-equally inherited 'gifts' (heritability of both likely to be in excess of 0.5). Rankings of both IQ and C are generally stable throughout life (although absolute levels of both will typically increase throughout the lifespan, with IQ peaking in late-teens and C probably peaking in middle age). Furthermore, high IQ is not just an ability to be used only as required; higher IQ also carries various behavioural predispositions--as reflected in the positive correlation with the personality trait of Openness to Experience; and characteristically 'left-wing' or 'enlightened' socio-political values among high IQ individuals. However, IQ is 'effortless' while high-C emerges mainly in tough situations where exceptional effort is required. So we probably tend to regard personality in moral terms because this fits with a social system that provides incentives for virtuous behaviour (including Conscientiousness). In conclusion, high IQ should probably more often be regarded in morally evaluative terms because it is associated with behavioural predispositions; while C should probably be interpreted with more emphasis on its being a gift or natural ability. In particular, people with high levels of C are very lucky in modern societies, since they are usually well-rewarded for this aptitude. This includes science, where it seems that C has been selected-for more rigorously than IQ. Indeed, those 'gifted' with high Conscientiousness are in some ways even luckier than the very intelligent--because there are more jobs for reliable and hard-working people (even if they are relatively 'dumb') than for smart people with undependable personalities.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Charlton BGdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2009.06.048subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-10-01 00:00:00pages
465-7issue
4eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(09)00480-0journal_volume
73pub_type
社论abstract::Articles dealing with the epidemiological aspects of asthma were carefully reviewed in order to support or reject our clinical impression of increased rate of asthma among immigrants. Particular emphasis was put on data on very high or very low rates of asthma. The proposed theories to explain these differences were c...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(98)90047-0
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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doi:10.1016/0306-9877(80)90132-2
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
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更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00207-x
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2010.03.017
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.02.011
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 信件
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更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.12.019
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.06.001
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2018.06.021
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(90)90037-f
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.04.001
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2014.12.002
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2008.07.028
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109545
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.10.042
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.08.001
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.029
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.030
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1393
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.06.040
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109479
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Personality trait research has shown associations with many genes, prominently those of the catecholamine metabolism such as dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA). Because DBH gene is in linkage disequilibrium with ABO gene, there is reason to think that o...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.039
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.01.040
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00