Abstract：
:Several neurodegenerative disorders are associated with evidence of inflammation, one feature of which is increased activation of microglia, the most likely cellular source of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1beta. It is now recognized that interaction of microglia with other cells contributes to maintenance of microglia in a quiescent state and the complementary distribution of the chemokine, fractalkine (CX(3)CL1) on neurons and its receptor (CX(3)CR1) on microglia, suggests that this interaction may play a role in modulating microglial activation. Here we demonstrate that both soluble and membrane-bound fractalkine attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation in vitro. We also show that fractalkine expression is reduced in the brain of aged rats and this is accompanied by an age-related increase in microglial activation. Treatment of aged rats with fractalkine attenuates the age-related increase in microglial activation and the evidence indicates that fractalkine-induced activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway is required to maintain microglia in a quiescent state both in vivo and in vitro.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Lyons A,Lynch AM,Downer EJ,Hanley R,O'Sullivan JB,Smith A,Lynch MAdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06253.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
1547-56issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
JNC6253journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Myelin P2 protein is a small (14,800 Da) protein found in peripheral and central nervous system myelin. To investigate the regulation of expression of this myelin protein, a mouse genomic library was screened with a rabbit P2 cDNA (pSN2.2-2), and a single positive phage clone containing a 20-kb insert was obtained. Th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02101.x
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two monoclonal antibodies that recognize Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles (ANTs), AD10 and AB18, have been characterized by immunoblotting against human and calf spinal cord neurofilament (NF) and calf brain microtubule preparations. Both antibodies bind to the 200-kilodalton (kd) (NF-H) and 160-kd (NF-M) but not t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb04114.x
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In brain, the precursor of imidazoleacetic acid (IAA), a GABAA agonist but a GABAC antagonist, is not known. In the periphery, IAA derives from oxidation of histamine. But in brain, histamine is thought to be metabolized solely by histamine methyltransferase (HMT), forming tele-methylhistamine (t-MH) and tele-methylim...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68010142.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Induction of the prodynorphin gene occurs in a tissue-specific manner following different physiological stimuli. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we studied the relative activity of the five major regulatory sites in the rat prodynorphin promoter. Prodynorphin cyclic AMP-responsive element 2 (DynCRE2), Dyn...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70030914.x
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the effects of two serotonin (5-HT) uptake inhibitors, citalopram and paroxetine, and of a non-selective noradrenaline (NA) and 5-HT uptake blocker, imipramine, on extracellular NA and dopamine (DA) in the prefrontal cortex (PfCX), parietal cortex (ParCX) and occipital cortex (OccCX). Ci...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03030.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN) treatment on the activities of alternative pathways of glucose metabolism in 20-day-old rat brain was evaluated by measurements of yields of 14CO2 from glucose labeled with 14C on carbons 1, 2, 3 + 4, or 6 and uniformly labeled glucose, and from the incorporation of 14C from spe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb06318.x
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized the structural properties of heparan sulfates from brain and other tissues after depolymerization with a mixture of three heparin and heparan sulfate lyases from Flavobacterium heparinum. The resulting disaccharides were separated by HPLC and identified by comparison with authentic standards. In ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62031126.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat brain benzodiazepine receptors have been solubilized by means of the zwitterionic detergent CHAPS under conditions in which the GABA stimulation of [3H]flunitrazepam binding to the benzodiazepine receptors is maintained intact. This stimulation is partially or totally abolished when using other conventional deterg...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb04804.x
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the retina of the white perch (Roccus americanus). Both dopamine and the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol stimulate cyclic AMP accumulation in this retina, but serotonin, an indoleamine, and phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, had no effect...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb11801.x
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral endothelial cells form the selective permeability barrier between brain and blood by virtue of their impermeable tight junctions and the presence of specific carrier systems. These specialized properties of brain capillaries are reflected in the presence of proteins that are not found in other capillaries of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09769.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We looked at the possible interactions between astrocytes and neurones during reperfusion using an in vitro model of ischaemia-reperfusion injury, as a controlled environment that lends itself easily to manipulation of the numerous variables involved in such an insult. We constructed a chamber in which O2 can be lower...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03418.x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene. This expansion produces a mutant form of the huntingtin protein, which contains an elongated polyglutamine stretch at its amino-terminus. Mutant huntingtin may adopt an aberrant, aggr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07435.x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cultures of astrocytes from newborn rat brain showed evidence of a substrate-saturable process for glucose transport. The system shows a relatively high affinity for the substrate, with an apparent Km of approximately 1 mM. Maintenance of the cells in medium containing thyroid-hormone-free serum for 3, 6, or 9...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07239.x
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglial activation is common in several neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we used the murine BV-2 microglial cell line stimulated with gamma-interferon and lipopolysaccharide to gain new insights into the effects of endogenously produced NO on mitochondrial respiratory capacity, iron regulatory pro...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00864.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recycling of methionine via homocysteine was measured in vivo in brain. After constant intravenous infusions (5 h) of both [3H-methyl]methionine and [35S]methionine into rats, the ratios of [3H-methyl]methionine to [35S]methionine in liver, brain, and plasma were determined. Similar experiments were performed in r...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb04631.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-ischemic inflammation is an essential step in the progression of ischemic stroke. This review focuses on the function of infiltrating immune cells, macrophages, and T cells, in ischemic brain injury. The brain is a sterile organ; however, the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 is pivotal in the beg...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07941.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies suggest that activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt may protect against neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, however, we provide evidence of increased Akt activation, and hyperphosphorylation of critical Akt substrates in AD brain, which link to AD pathogenesis, suggesting that treatment...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02949.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic alcohol exposure induces lasting behavioral changes, tolerance, and dependence. This results, at least partially, from neural adaptations at a cellular level. Previous genome-wide gene expression studies using pooled human brain samples showed that alcohol abuse causes widespread changes in the pattern of gene...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02570.x
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolation, characterization, and bioactivity in the feeding circuitry of a novel neuropeptide in the Aplysia californica central nervous system are reported. The 17-residue amidated peptide, NGGTADALYNLPDLEKIamide, has been termed cerebrin due to its primary location in the cerebral ganglion. Liquid chromatographi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00360.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is known to cause a destruction of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway in certain animal species including mice. MPTP and some structurally related analogs were tested in vitro for their capacity to inhibit the uptake of [3H]3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine-([3H]DA),...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07146.x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied whether microtubule organization is important for actions of ethanol on GABAA ergic responses by testing the effects of microtubule depolymerization on ethanol enhancement of GABA action in mouse L(tk-) cells stably transfected with GABAA receptor alpha 1 beta 1 gamma 2L subunits. The microtubule-disrupting...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66031318.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of manipulating the activity of central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurones on extracellular 5-HT in ventral hippocampus of the chloral hydrate-anaesthetized rat was studied using the brain perfusion method, microdialysis. Basal levels of 5-HT in the dialysates were close to the detection limits of our assa...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07319.x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4HPR, fenretinide), a retinoic acid derivative, induces neuronal differentiation in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells [Chen et al., J. Neurochem., 84 (2003), 972]. We asked the question whether the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05409.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method has been developed for the simultaneous in vivo measurement of local rates for methionine incorporation into cerebral protein in the rat. It is based on the use of L-[35S]methionine as a tracer for reflecting the bidirectional exchange of methionine between plasma and brain and its incorporation into cerebral...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb04101.x
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the immune system, T- and B-cell proliferation, as well as B-cell immunoglobulin secretion, is induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2), a T-cell-derived lymphokine. IL-2 also influences the growth of glial cells, specifically, the proliferation and maturation of oligodendrocytes. Studies were conducted to investigate furth...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb10020.x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition caused by dominant loss-of-function mutations of the tumor suppressor gene NF1 that encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of RAS activity. Mutation analysis of NF1 located at 17q11.2 has been hampered by the large size of the gene, the hig...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13396
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subcellular localization of organelles, mRNAs and proteins is particularly challenging in neurons. Owing to their extended morphology, with axons in humans exceeding a meter in length, in addition to which they are not renewed but persist for the entire lifespan, it is no surprise that neurons are highly vulnerabl...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03955.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A naturally occurring point mutation (R231H) within one of the major 3gamma-binding surface (switch II region) on the a subunit of Gs (alpha(s)) has previously been found to disrupt receptor-mediated activation of Gs. The disruption caused by mutating this conserved residue may be a general phenomenon for all a subuni...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Guadeloupe, epidemiological data have linked atypical parkinsonism with fruit and herbal teas from plants of the Annonaceae family, particularly Annona muricata. These plants contain a class of powerful, lipophilic complex I inhibitors, the annonaceous acetogenins. To determine the neurotoxic potential of these sub...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02138.x
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine is the abundant sulfur-containing beta-amino acid in brain where it exerts a neuroprotective effect. Although it is known that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) mediates taurine transport, the regulation of taurine transport have not been clarified yet. A conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01223.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
