Epigenetics: new concepts of old phenomena in vascular physiology.

Abstract:

:The hypothesis of 'Developmental Origins of Health and Disease' (DOHaD) relies on the presence of mechanisms sensing and signalling a diversity of stimuli during fetal development. The mechanisms that have been broadly suggested to be involved in these processes are the epigenetic modifications that could 'record' perinatal stimuli. Since the definition of epigenetic and the associated mechanisms are conflictive, in this review epigenetic was defined as 'chromosome-based mechanisms that can change the phenotypic plasticity in a cell or organism'. The most understood epigenetic mechanisms (i.e. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications (PTM), ATP-dependent chromatin modifications and non-coding RNAs) and reported evidence for their role in fetal programming were briefly reviewed. The development of the vascular system is strongly influenced by epigenetic mechanisms. For that reason vascular cells are good candidates to be explored regarding epigenetic programming since its proved susceptibility to be imprinted. This has been described in pregnancy diseases such as intra-uterine growth restriction, gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia, where changes in vascular function are preserved in vitro.

journal_name

Curr Vasc Pharmacol

authors

Krause B,Sobrevia L,Casanello P

doi

10.2174/157016109789043883

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-10-01 00:00:00

pages

513-20

issue

4

eissn

1570-1611

issn

1875-6212

pii

CVP-Abs-049

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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