Abstract：
:Recent studies have shown that male reproductive function is modulated via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. The MAPK cascade is involved in numerous male reproductive processes, including spermatogenesis, sperm maturation and activation, capacitation and acrosome reaction, before fertilization of the oocyte. In this review, we discuss the latest findings in this rapidly developing field regarding the role of MAPK in male reproduction in animal models and in human spermatozoa in vitro. This research will facilitate the design of future studies in humans, although much work is needed before this information can be used to manage male infertility and environmental toxicant-induced testicular injury in men, such as blood-testis-barrier disruption.
journal_name
Trends Mol Medjournal_title
Trends in molecular medicineauthors
Li MW,Mruk DD,Cheng CYdoi
10.1016/j.molmed.2009.02.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
159-68issue
4eissn
1471-4914issn
1471-499Xpii
S1471-4914(09)00048-3journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs when colonic quantities of commensal bacteria are present in the small bowel. SIBO is associated with conditions of disrupted gastrointestinal (GI) motility leading to stasis of luminal contents. Recent data show that SIBO is also found in children living in unsanitar...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2014.11.001
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-standing difficulties in the in vitro transformation of human cells have been overcome. Using telomerase, several successful oncogene-mediated transformations of human cells have been reported and the following cellular requirements for human cell transformation have been proposed: the maintenance of telomere seq...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2004.09.001
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental effects on the materno-foetal interaction determine birth outcomes that predict health over the lifespan. Thus, maternal undernutrition or stress associate with low birth weight, leading to an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular illness in the offspring. We argue that these effects are, in par...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2007.05.003
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD4(+) T cells occupy a central role in the induction and regulation of adaptive immune responses. Activated CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells exert immediate effector functions by producing cytokines and chemokines, providing help for the induction of CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and memory, and providing help fo...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2010.07.007
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) provide a systematic approach to uncovering epigenetic variants underlying common diseases. Discoveries have shed light on novel molecular mechanisms of disease and enabled the application of epigenetic variants as biomarkers. Here, we highlight the recent advances in this em...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2014.07.002
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a frequent inflammatory disease found worldwide. Although allergen-specific CD4(+) Th2 cells orchestrate the HDM allergic response, notably through induction of IgE directed towards mite allergens, recent studies have demonstrated that innate immunity activation also plays a critical r...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2011.05.014
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A key site of translation control is the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), which reduces the rate of GDP to GTP exchange by eIF2B, leading to altered translation. The extent of eIF2α phosphorylation within neurons can alter synaptic plasticity. Phosphorylation of eIF2α is trig...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2018.04.001
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the hippocampus has long been recognized as a brain structure specialized in mapping 'space' in rodents, human studies and now recent data from rodents have shown that its function extends well beyond spatial coding. Recently, an overlooked area of the hippocampus, CA2, has emerged as a critical region for socia...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2016.06.007
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physicians have, for over a century, attempted to harness the potential therapeutic power of the immune system to treat patients with cancer. The discovery that cancer regression can be achieved by immune rejection of tumour antigens theoretically allows the eradication of neoplastic cells without toxicity to normal t...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2004.02.006
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) controls oxygen delivery (via angiogenesis) and metabolic adaptation to hypoxia (via glycolysis). HIF-1 consists of a constitutively expressed HIF-1 beta subunit and an oxygen- and growth-factor-regulated HIF-1 alpha subunit. In xenografts, tumor growth and angiogenesis are correlate...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4914(02)02317-1
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations in PKD1 and PKD2, encoding polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. Optimizing the folding environment for polycystin-1 missense mutations may have a critical effect on the progression of ADPKD in animal models and could potentially lead t...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2016.10.001
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells are the most responsive immune cells to exercise, displaying an acute mobilization to the circulation during physical exertion. Recently, exercise-dependent mobilization of NK cells was found to play a central role in exercise-mediated protection against cancer. Here, we review the link betwe...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2016.05.007
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caspase-mediated apoptosis is a major hindrance to tumour growth and metastasis. Accordingly, defects in signalling pathways leading to the activation of caspases are common in tumours. Moreover, many tumour cells can unexpectedly survive the activation of caspases. As a result, caspase-independent cell death programm...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4914(02)02328-6
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Keratinocytes and skin immune cells are actively metabolizing nutrients present in their microenvironment. This is particularly important in common chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and expansion of inflammatory cells, thus ...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2020.04.004
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO), one of the most important vascular signaling molecules, is primarily produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). eNOS is tightly regulated by its substrate l-arginine, cofactors and diverse interacting proteins. Interestingly, an NO synthase (NOS) was described within red blood cells (RBC NOS), and ...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2008.05.002
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling has a key role in memory processes and has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for memory disorders. The activation of PKA signaling is crucial for the consolidation of long-term memories dependent on the hippocampus and/or the amygdala, By contrast, initia...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2005.01.006
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review highlights recent advances in how the innate and adaptive immune systems control the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-nerve barrier (BNB). Interferons and TAM receptors play key roles in innate immune control of the BBB. Cells of the adaptive immune system, particularly CD4+ T cells, take distinct r...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2017.01.004
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumour classification has traditionally focused on differentiation and cellular morphology, and latterly on the application of genomic approaches. By combining chromatin immunoprecipitation with expression array, it has been possible to identify direct gene targets for transcription factors for nuclear hormone recepto...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2008.09.002
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative fatal disorders. There are currently no treatments or cures. Considerable evidence suggests that the infectious agent is an abnormally folded protein that promotes or seeds its normal cellular isoform to fold into the infectious form. However, the precise mechanism and f...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2005.08.006
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:H(2)O(2) is a reactive oxygen species that has drawn much interest because of its role as a second messenger in receptor-mediated signaling. Mammalian 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have been shown to eliminate efficiently the H(2)O(2) generated in response to receptor stimulation. 2-Cys peroxiredoxins are members of a novel pe...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2005.10.006
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here, we explore the potential of single-cell genomic analysis in blood for early detection of cancer; we consider a method that screens the presence of recurrent patterns of copy number (CN) alterations using sparse single-cell sequencing. We argue for feasibility, based on in silico analysis of existing single-cell ...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2017.05.005
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When diabetes is diagnosed, the majority of insulin-secreting pancreatic β cells are already dysfunctional or destroyed. This β cell dysfunction/destruction usually takes place over many years, making timely detection and clinical intervention difficult. For this reason, there is immense interest in developing tools t...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2019.05.004
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocannabinoid signaling system (ECSS) is altered by exposure to stress and mediates and modulates the effects of stress on the brain. Considerable preclinical data support critical roles for the endocannabinoids and their target, the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, in the adaptation of the brain to repeated stress exp...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2020.07.002
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic causes are thought to underlie about half of infertility cases, but understanding the genetic bases has been a major challenge. Modern genomics tools allow more sophisticated exploration of genetic causes of infertility through population, family-based, and individual studies. Nevertheless, potential therapies...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2020.12.008
更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The B cell arm of the immune response becomes activated soon after HIV-1 transmission, yet the initial antibody response does not control HIV-1 replication, and it takes months for neutralizing antibodies to develop against the autologous virus. Antibodies that can be broadly protective are made only in a minority of ...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2010.10.008
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:B lymphocytes are essential for an efficient immune response against a variety of pathogens. A large fraction of hematologic malignancies is of B cell origin, suggesting that the development and activation of B cells need to be tightly regulated. In recent years, increasing evidence has emerged demonstrating that micr...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2017.06.001
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The inflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways driving MS are modulated by DNA, lysine, and arginine methylation, as evidenced by studies made possible by novel tools for methylation detection or loss of function. We present evid...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2017.04.004
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci that are associated with complex traits and diseases, but index variants are often not causal and reside in non-coding regions of the genome. To gain a better understanding of the relevant biological mechanisms, intermediate traits such as gene expressi...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2019.10.004
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the discovery of HIV over three decades ago, major efforts have been made to control and perhaps eliminate HIV infection worldwide. During these studies, certain myths or misconceptions about this infectious disease have been emphasized and other potentially beneficial concepts have received less attention. A tr...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2015.03.004
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin is an important neurohormonal factor that has been implicated in cardiovascular function. It can regulate vascular tone, act directly on cardiomyocytes and stimulate chemosensitive nerves in the heart. Cardiovascular dysfunction is observed when serotonin signaling is altered or when variation in serotonin c...
journal_title：Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molmed.2004.03.007
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
