Abstract:
:Gonorrhea remains an important clinical and public health problem throughout the world. Gonococcal infections have historically been diagnosed by Gram stain and culture but are increasingly diagnosed through nucleic acid tests, thereby eliminating the opportunity for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Gonococcal infections are typically treated with single-dose therapy with an agent found to cure > 95% of cases. Unfortunately, the gonococcus has repeatedly developed resistance to antimicrobials including sulfonamides, penicillin, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. This has now left third-generation cephalosporins as the lone class of antimicrobials recommended as first-line therapy for gonorrhea in some regions. However, resistance to oral third-generation cephalosporins has emerged and spread in Asia, Australia and elsewhere. The mechanism of this resistance seems to be associated with a mosaic penicillin binding protein (penA) in addition to other chromosomal mutations previously found to confer resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials (ponA, mtrR, penB, pilQ). Few good options exist or are in development for treating cephalosporin-resistant isolates, as most have had multidrug resistance. Preventing the spread of resistant isolates will depend on ambitious antimicrobial management programs, strengthening and expanding surveillance networks, and through effective sexually transmitted disease control and prevention.
journal_name
Expert Opin Pharmacotherjournal_title
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapyauthors
Barry PM,Klausner JDdoi
10.1517/14656560902731993subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-03-01 00:00:00pages
555-77issue
4eissn
1465-6566issn
1744-7666journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Aripiprazole long acting once-monthly (AOM) is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults. Despite recent evidence of AOM efficacy in the acute treatment of schizophrenia, it is recommended that AOM should be started once the acute symptoms are controlled and patients are stabilized. However, th...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1244526
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anorexia is a frequent complication of uraemic syndrome, which contributes to malnutrition in dialysis patients. Uraemic anorexia has been associated with many factors. This paper reviews the current knowledge about mechanisms responsible for uraemic anorexia, the treatments and new drugs used to control the loss of a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2.11.1825
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Malaria in pregnancy continues to be a significant public health burden globally, with over 100 million women at risk each year. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is the only antimalarial recommended for intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) but increasing parasite resistance threatens its viabi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14656566.2018.1526923
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor fluctuations are a common problem in the long-term management of Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting in disability and impaired quality of life. The relatively short serum half-life (approximately 90 min) of oral levodopa/carbidopa and its erratic absorption due to delayed and inconsistent gastric emptying (a no...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.8.5.657
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Intravenous (I.V.) morphine administered through a patient-controlled system currently represents the gold standard treatment for moderate to severe acute postoperative pain. To fix the limitations showed by the available I.V. patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) systems that may restrict its use in the clin...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1146684
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:In 1991, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was reported as the first tumour type where colony stimulating factor (CSF) support was clinically effective. We reviewed 13 health services research studies that addressed CSF use as supportive care for SCLC. METHODS:Findings from American Society of Clinical Oncology...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.3.9.1273
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Vortioxetine is a structurally novel medication that has recently been approved for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This medication is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor that also has a number of other potentially relevant effects on serotoninergic receptors, which may differentiate the drug's ef...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1133588
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic hyperglycemia has an adverse influence on beta-cell function, which is known as 'glucotoxicity'. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower the blood glucose concentration by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. This study was performed to clarify the influence of the SGLT2 inhibitor ipr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1261110
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death, and hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor. Statins, with simvastatin among the most widely used, have ample evidence demonstrating prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality. Ezetimibe is effective at improving serum lipids in combination with ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1041504
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of mitiglinide and sitagliptin, alone or in combination, on postprandial excursion and glycemic variability assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a single-day treatment setting. METHODS:This was a post hoc analysis of a randomized crossover study comparing the efficacy of...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1035646
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peglyated liposomal doxorubicin was developed to maintain or enhance the demonstrated antineoplastic effects of doxorubicin, while improving the toxicity profile associated with this important cytotoxic agent. Accumulating clinical data have confirmed the activity of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in cancers of the b...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14656566.7.11.1469
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Miconazole nitrate is a time-honored antifungal of the imidazole class. OBJECTIVE:To revisit the various aspects of action of the drug in a dermatologic setting. METHOD:Review of the current peer-reviewed publications. RESULTS/CONCLUSION:Miconazole essentially inhibits 14alpha-demethylase, an enzyme requi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.9.11.1927
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Seizures or chronic epilepsy are a relatively common occurrence in a neurosurgical setting. However, seizure treatment after neurosurgery has received less attention compared with other causes and only few data are availaible in the literature on management in neurosurgical patients. Areas covered: This pa...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1373092
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related epileptic comorbidity is now well documented and appears to have been previously underestimated. Prescribing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in AD patients aims at preventing seizure-related morbi-mortality and the occurrence of deleterious status epilepticus. At the earlier sta...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14656566.2018.1496237
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:During the past decade, there have been significant advances in the pharmacotherapies for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Among the presently available treatment options, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF) agents are the most favored agents due to their efficacy and safety....
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1100172
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cervical dystonia (CD) manifests clinically through involuntary spasms of neck muscles, producing abnormal head and neck movements and postures, which is often associated with pain. CD is the most common form of focal dystonia presenting to movement disorders clinics. Chemodenervation with botulinum toxin (BTX) has be...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2.12.1985
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initially it was considered that moxonidine, like clonidine, acted at central (2)-adrenoceptors to reduce blood pressure. With the characterisation of imidazoline binding sites distinct from (2)-adrenoceptors, the consensus became that moxonidine was acting predominantly at imidazoline I(1) receptors in the rostral ve...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2.2.337
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular injury is a ubiquitous phenomenon which can be both occult (such as with hyperlipidemia) and overt (such as with angioplasty). While the exact pathophysiology differs between acute and chronic atherosclerosis, both lesions can be mechanistically explained by the vasculature's exaggerated response to injury. P...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2.5.753
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, representing a significant public health concern. More than 60 million people are affected by glaucoma worldwide; as this population ages, the number is expected to increase. Glaucoma is a collection of heterogeneous diseases sharing common clinic...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.662485
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) is indicative of widespread atherosclerosis. The major threat is from cardiovascular ischaemic events; thus, an important therapeutic goal is to modify atherosclerotic risk factors. Data from several large drug trials indicate that patients with ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.6.13.2181
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synovitis is a painful and, occasionally, disabling disease. Patients with synovitis, especially new onset synovitis, should be referred to a rheumatologist urgently so that they can be assed and treated as quickly as possible. Clinical assessment and investigations are required to help differentiate between transient...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.7.1.35
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has activity against Gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the limited number of antimicrobial agents in development have necessitated a review of the current status of treatmen...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.721777
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of medicine selection methods have been used worldwide for formulary purposes. In Northern Ireland, integrated medicines management is being developed, and related projects have been carried out. This paper deals with the description of the STEPS (Safe Therapeutic Economic Pharmaceutical Selection) programme....
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14656566.8.s1.s57
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:For the past three decades, carbapenems played a central role in our antibiotic armamentarium, trusted to effectively treat infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria. The utility of this class of antibiotics has been compromised by the emergence of resistance especially among Enterobacteriaceae. AREAS ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1145658
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease afflicting 2% of the US population; it results in significant morbidity. The annual healthcare costs related to psoriasis are an estimated $11.3 billion and, with an expanding biologic market, an updated costs analysis is needed. AREAS COVERED:Current treatment...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.590475
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Docetaxel, a semisynthetic taxane, is a potent inhibitor of cell replication and, similar to paclitaxel, promotes in vitro assembly of stable microtubules and, therefore, prevents the depolymerisation process. Docetaxel has a higher affinity for the tubulin subunit and is associated with a 100-fold greater phosphoryla...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.6.15.2719
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Atherosclerosis is frequently caused by clot blockage of the coronary or peripheral arteries, and may lead to myocardial infarction (MI) or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Despite advancements in management of atherosclerosis, mortality and ischemic rates remain high. Vorapaxar is a protease activated r...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1099629
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Somatropin (rDNA origin) injection (Zorbtive) is a highly purified preparation of human growth hormone (GH) produced from a mammalian cell line by recombinant DNA technology. It is the only human GH approved for the treatment of short bowel syndrome in patients receiving specialised nutritional support. The process of...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656566.6.10.1741
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Angioedema, a sudden, self-limited swelling of localized areas of any part of the body that may or may not be associated with urticaria, is thought to be the result of a mast-cell mediated process versus a bradykinin etiology. Understanding the mechanism is key in determining the proper treatment. Areas Co...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1282461
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Apomorphine, a medication that has been studied intensively over the years, is available in the US as intermittent subcutaneous injections for treatment of 'off' motor states in Parkinson disease. OBJECTIVE:The clinical literature is summarized with particular focus on randomized controlled studies of apomo...
journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14656560902828344
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00