Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The amount of DNA comprising the genome of an organism (its genome size) varies a remarkable 40 000-fold across eukaryotes, yet most groups are characterized by much narrower ranges (e.g. 14-fold in gymnosperms, 3- to 4-fold in mammals). Angiosperms stand out as one of the most variable groups with genome sizes varying nearly 2000-fold. Nevertheless within angiosperms the majority of families are characterized by genomes which are small and vary little. Species with large genomes are mostly restricted to a few monocots families including Orchidaceae. SCOPE:A survey of the literature revealed that genome size data for Orchidaceae are comparatively rare representing just 327 species. Nevertheless they reveal that Orchidaceae are currently the most variable angiosperm family with genome sizes ranging 168-fold (1C = 0.33-55.4 pg). Analysing the data provided insights into the distribution, evolution and possible consequences to the plant of this genome size diversity. CONCLUSIONS:Superimposing the data onto the increasingly robust phylogenetic tree of Orchidaceae revealed how different subfamilies were characterized by distinct genome size profiles. Epidendroideae possessed the greatest range of genome sizes, although the majority of species had small genomes. In contrast, the largest genomes were found in subfamilies Cypripedioideae and Vanilloideae. Genome size evolution within this subfamily was analysed as this is the only one with reasonable representation of data. This approach highlighted striking differences in genome size and karyotype evolution between the closely related Cypripedium, Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium. As to the consequences of genome size diversity, various studies revealed that this has both practical (e.g. application of genetic fingerprinting techniques) and biological consequences (e.g. affecting where and when an orchid may grow) and emphasizes the importance of obtaining further genome size data given the considerable phylogenetic gaps which have been highlighted by the current study.
journal_name
Ann Botjournal_title
Annals of botanyauthors
Leitch IJ,Kahandawala I,Suda J,Hanson L,Ingrouille MJ,Chase MW,Fay MFdoi
10.1093/aob/mcp003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-08-01 00:00:00pages
469-81issue
3eissn
0305-7364issn
1095-8290pii
mcp003journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
ANNALS OF BOTANY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Whole-genome duplication (WGD) events are considered important driving forces of diversification. At least 11 out of 52 Brassicaceae tribes had independent mesopolyploid WGDs followed by diploidization processes. However, the association between mesopolyploidy and subsequent diversification is equiv...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcz123
更新日期:2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Flowering activity and sex expression of Bischofia javanica Blume were investigated for 3 years. B. javanica is an invasive dioecious tree of subtropical forests on the Bonin Islands in the western Pacific of Japan. The sex ratio showed a significant male bias (1.25-2.33). Smaller trees were significantly male biased,...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcf231
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Rheum, a highly diversified genus with about 60 species, is mainly confined to the mountainous and desert regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and adjacent areas. This genus represents a good example of the extensive diversification of the temperate genera in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, in which ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci201
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background and Aims:Currently, functional-structural plant models (FSPMs) mostly resort to static descriptions of leaf spectral characteristics, which disregard the influence of leaf physiological changes over time. In many crop species, including soybean, these time-dependent physiological changes are of particular im...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcy105
更新日期:2018-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Jatropha curcas (jatropha) is an oil crop cultivated in (sub)tropical regions around the world, and holds great promise as a renewable energy source. However, efforts to fully commercialize jatropha are currently hampered by the lack of genetic diversity in the extant breeding germplasm, and by the ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcz008
更新日期:2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Natural regeneration of white spruce (Picea glauca) after disturbance has been reported to be very poor. Here a study was made to determine whether C compounds released from understorey species growing together with white spruce could be involved in this regeneration failure, either by (1) changing ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci139
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Production of grain legumes is severely reduced in salt-affected soils because their ability to form and maintain nitrogen-fixing nodules is impaired by both salinity and sodicity (alkalinity). Genotypes of chickpea, Cicer arietinum, with high nodulation capacity under stress were identified by field screening in a so...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcf097
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This section comprises a set of papers taken from those presented at a symposium held to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Monsi-Saeki theory (1953), together with invited papers. The papers describe recent advances in the study of structure and function of plant canopies and are written by former students (and ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci046
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Reynoutria is represented by four taxa in the Czech Republic: Reynoutria japonica var. japonica, R. japonica var. compacta, R. sachalinensis and R. xbohemica. By using flow cytometry, cytological variability within the genus is described based on 257 Reynoutria samples. The varieties of R. japonica are cytol...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcg141
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The ω-gliadin storage proteins of wheat are of interest in relation to their impact on grain processing properties and their role in food allergy, particularly the ω-5 sub-group and wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. The ω-gliadins are also known to be responsive to nitrogen application. ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mct291
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Photosystem II (PSII) is the light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase of oxygenic photosynthesis and is found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. Considerable attention is focused on how PSII is assembled in vivo and how it is repaired following irreversible damage by visible ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aob/mcq059
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia are among the most dominant late-successional tree species in North America. The influence of sapling growth responses to canopy gaps on the co-dominance of the two species in an old-growth forest in southern Quebec, Canada was examined. Two predictions were eval...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcm259
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Phosphorus commonly limits crop yield and is frequently applied as fertilizer; however, supplies of quality rock phosphate for fertilizer production are diminishing. Plants have evolved many mechanisms to increase their P-fertilizer use efficiency, and an understanding of these traits could result i...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcs085
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The spatial distribution of cytotypes can provide valuable insights into evolutionary patterns of polyploid complexes. In a previous study the macro-scale distribution of the three main cytotypes in Senecio carniolicus (Asteraceae) within the Eastern Alps was characterized. Employing a roughly 12-fo...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcq192
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Brassicaceae, with nearly 340 genera and more than 3350 species, anchors the low range of angiosperm genome sizes. The relatively narrow range of DNA content (0.16 pg < 1C < 1.95 pg) was maintained in spite of extensive chromosomal change. The aim of this study was to erect a cytological and molecul...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci016
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Covalent linkages between xyloglucan and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) have been reported in the primary cell walls of cultured Rosa cells and may contribute to wall architecture. This study investigated whether this chemical feature is general to angiosperms or whether Rosa is unusual. * METHODS:Xyl...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci153
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Phenolic compounds contribute to food quality and have potential health benefits. Consequently, they are an important target of selection for Citrus species. Numerous studies on this subject have revealed new molecules, potential biosynthetic pathways and linkage between species. Although polyphenol...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcv012
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate crown development patterns, branch architecture, branch-level light interception, and leaf and branch dynamics were studied in saplings of a plagiotropically branching tree species, Polyalthia jenkinsii Hk. f. & Thoms. (Annonaceae) in a Malaysian rain forest. Lengths of branches and parts of the branche...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcg008
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The origin of new species and of new forms is one of the fundamental characteristics of evolution. However, the mechanisms that govern the diversity and disparity of lineages remain poorly understood. Particularly unclear are the reasons why some taxa are vastly more species-rich than others and the manner i...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcw018
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Understanding the fate and dynamics of cells during callus formation is essential to understanding totipotency and the mechanisms of somatic embryogenesis. Here, the fate of leaf explant cells during the development of embryogenic callus was investigated in the model legume Medicago truncatula. MET...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcq269
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most of the water on Earth is seawater, each kilogram of which contains about 35 g of salts, and yet most plants cannot grow in this solution; less than 0·2% of species can develop and reproduce with repeated exposure to seawater. These 'extremophiles' are called halophytes. SCOPE:Improved knowledge of halo...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type:
doi:10.1093/aob/mcu267
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Water deficit and salinity stresses are often experienced by plants concurrently; however, knowledge is limited about the effects of combined salinity and water deficit stress in plants, and especially in C4 bioenergy crops. Here we aim to understand how diverse drought tolerance traits may deliver ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcz009
更新日期:2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Xylem flows into most fruits decline as the fruit develop, with important effects on mineral and carbohydrate accumulation. It has been hypothesized that an increase in xylem hydraulic resistance (RT) contributes to this process. This study examined changes in RT that occur during development of the...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mct101
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Despite the importance of vessels in angiosperm roots for plant water transport, there is little research on the microanatomy of woody plant roots. Vessels in roots can be interconnected networks or nearly solitary, with few vessel-vessel connections. Species with few connections are common in arid ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mct294
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Experimental drought is well documented to induce a decline in photosynthetic capacity. However, if given time to acclimate to low water availability, the photosynthetic responses of plants to low soil moisture content may differ from those found in short-term experiments. This study aims to test wh...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcv161
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Linear relationships are commonly observed between shoot magnesium ([Mg]shoot) and shoot calcium ([Ca]shoot) concentrations among angiosperm species growing in the same environment. Scope and Conclusions:This article argues that, in plants that do not exhibit 'luxury' accumulation of Mg or Ca, (1) distinct ...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcy062
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) has indeterminate growth. The growth regulator mepiquat chloride (MC) is used worldwide to restrict vegetative growth and promote boll formation and yield. The effects of MC are modulated by complex interactions with growing conditions (nutrients, weather) and plant popul...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mct309
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated CO(2) and ozone effects were studied singly and in combination on the crown structure of two Betula pendula clones. Measurements were made at the end of the second fumigation period in an open-top-chamber experiment with 9-year-old trees. Shoot ramification (number of long and short daughter shoots), shoot le...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mcg052
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Drought is a major environmental constraint affecting growth and production of Coffea canephora. Selection of C. canephora clones has been largely empirical as little is known about how clones respond physiologically to drought. Using clones previously shown to differ in drought tolerance, this stud...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aob/mci154
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Robustness to genetic and environmental perturbation is a salient feature of multicellular organisms. Loss of developmental robustness can lead to severe phenotypic defects and fitness loss. However, perfect robustness, i.e. no variation at all, is evolutionarily unfit as organisms must be able to change phe...
journal_title:Annals of botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/aob/mcv151
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00